scholarly journals Soybean molasses to replace corn for feedlot lambs on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina G Arruda ◽  
Marco Tulio C Almeida ◽  
João Pedro A Bertoco ◽  
Sérgio A G Pereira-Junior ◽  
Edivilson S Castro-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Feedlot Lambs ◽  
Corn Grain

Abstract Soybean molasses is a byproduct (SBM) of the manufacture of soy protein concentrate and has high energy value. This byproduct has high potential for use in the nutrition of ruminant animals, mainly in the replacement of other energy feeds such as corn grain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of soybean molasses to replace corn grain up to 30% DM in total diet on growth performance, feeding behavior, carcass characteristics and meat quality of feedlot lambs (½ Santa Inês × ½ Dorper). Forty intact male lambs with initial average body weight of 20.6 ± 2.5 kg and approximate age of 120 days were used. The animals were distributed in four treatments (0, 10, 20 and 30% SBM), divided into 5 randomized blocks according to the initial weight and adapted for 16 days, with diets containing increasing concentrations of concentrate and SBM. Feeding behavior was analyzed at the beginning, middle and final of the finishing period, and when animals reached 42 days on the finishing diet they were slaughtered. Data were evaluated using SAS software (version 9.4), by polynomial orthogonal contrasts, where the growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality values were analyzed as randomized blocks, and the feeding behavior data as randomized blocks with repeated measure over time. Significant differences were detected for the contrast 0 vs SBM treatments, which the inclusion of soybean molasses caused an increase (p ≤ 0.05) in ash intake but decreased the ether extract intake. The intake of DM in % body weight was higher for SBM treatments than 0% treatment (p ≤ 0.05). Feeding behavior, ruminating while lying down and drinking water presented a decreasing linear effect (p ≤ 0.05), and for feeding efficiency increased with addition of SBM (p ≤ 0.05). Fatty acids C14:0, C17:0, C17:1, C18:2n6c, C20:2 and C20:3n6 showed lower values ​​with the inclusion of SBM (p ≤ 0.05), while fatty acids C22:0 and C22:6n3 increased. The values ​​of n6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and n-6/n-3 ratio were lower (p ≤ 0.05) for SBM treatments. The values ​​of total polyunsaturated fatty acids showed decreasing linear effect (p ≤ 0.05) with the inclusion of SBM. The use of up to 30% SBM in DM did not impair animal growth performance and feeding behavior did not cause damages to carcass parameters and still made the meat healthier, improving the n-6/n-3 ratio, therefore can be used to feed finishing lambs.

Growth and carcass characteristics of three lamb genotypes finished on the same level of feeding

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. O. W. McClintont ◽  
A. F. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Ash Content

AbstractThis study investigated the efficiency of growth and the carcass characteristics of 24 Greyface (Border Leicester × Scottish Blackface), 24 Texel (12 purebred and 12 Texel × Texel-Greyface) and 24 Rouge (12 purebred and 12 Rouge × Rouge-Greyface) lambs finished on the same level of feeding. The efficiency of live-weight gain (kg/MJ) was higher in Greyface compared with Texel lambs (P< 0·01). The efficiency of empty body-weight gain (kg/MJ) was higher in Greyface (P< 0·01) and Rouge (P< 0·05) compared with Texel lambs. The efficiency of carcass gains (kg/MJ) tended to be higher in Greyface and Rouge compared with Texel lambs (P= 0·07). The efficiency of non-carcass component gains (kg/MJ) was also higher in Greyface compared with Texel lambs (P0·05). Carcass water, protein, lipid and ash gains did not vary significantly between the genotypes, however carcass energy gain tended to be higher in Greyface and Rouge compared with Texel lambs (P= 0·08). The relative proportions of water, protein, lipid and ash in carcass gains did not vary significantly between the genotypes. At the end of the experiment carcass water content was higher in Texel compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·05) and carcass ash content was lower in Texel compared with Greyface (P< 0·01) and Rouge (P< 0·05) lambs. The concentration of saturated fatty acids was higher in Greyface compared with Rouge lambs (P< 0·001) and higher in Rouge compared with Texel lambs (P< 0·05). Monounsaturated fatty acid concentrations were higher in Rouge compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·05) and higher in Texel compared with Rouge lambs (P< 0·001). Polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations were higher in Rouge and Texel compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·01). The ratio of n-6:n-3 fatty acids was lower in Rouge compared with Greyface lambs (P< 0·05).The efficiency of empty body gain was higher in male compared with female lambs (P< 0·05). Carcass water (P< 0·01) and protein (P< 0·05) gains were higher in male lambs. At the end of the experiment male carcasses contained a higher content of water (P< 0·05), protein (P< 0·01) and ash (P= 0·07), and a lower lipid (P< 0·05) and energy (P< 0·001) content. Carcass lipids from male lambs contained a higher concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (P< 0·001) and tended to contain a lower concentration of saturated fatty acids (P = 0·06).

scholarly journals Relationships between Hha1 Calpastatin Gene Polymorphism, Growth Performance, and Meat Characteristics of Awassi Sheep

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Khaleel I. Jawasreh ◽  
Ahmad H. Al-Amareen ◽  
Pauline Y. Aad
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Ram Lambs

Advances in molecular genetics have allowed the identification of genes that can enhance livestock production. The aim of this study was to investigate possible relationships between the calpastatin (CAST) Hha1 gene polymorphisms and growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in Awassi sheep. A total of 87 blood samples were collected from two-week-old Awassi ram lambs. The amplification of the CAST Hha1 gene yielded a fragment of 622 bp. Three CAST genotypes were found in Awassi sheep: MM for two fragments (385 bp and 281 bp), MN for three fragments (622 bp, 385 bp, and 281 bp), and NN for only one fragment (622 bp). The M and N allele frequencies of the CAST Hha1 genotypes were 0.765 and 0.235, respectively, while the genotypic frequencies of MM, MN, and NN were 0.586, 0.356, and 0.057, respectively. Based on CAST Hha1 gene polymorphisms, three groups of lambs (MM: n = 8; MN: n = 6; and NN: n = 3 genotypes) were subjected to a fattening period of 70 days to investigate growth performance and meat characteristics. Only the final body weight and longissimus muscle width were significantly different between the three genotypes, while no significant differences were detected in any other carcass characteristics and meat quality parameters. In this study, new variants were observed in CAST using the Hha1 restriction site, potentially assisting in Awassi sheep breeding and selection programs to improve final body weight and longissimus muscle width.

Effects of concentrates rich in by-products on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality traits of light lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Avilés Ramírez ◽  
F. Peña Blanco ◽  
A. Horcada Ibáñez ◽  
N. Núñez Sánchez ◽  
F. Requena Domenech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Alternative Ingredients ◽  
Camelina Meal ◽  
Feedlot Lambs ◽  
By Products

The effects of feeding concentrates with alternative ingredients to cereal and soybean meal on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality traits of feedlot lambs were studied. A total of 105 non-castrated male lambs were randomly assigned to one of three treatments (5 replicates per treatment): Control (CON, similar to commercial concentrates), Camelina (CAM, where camelina meal replaced 50% of the crude protein from the soybean meal in the CON concentrate), and Fibrous (FIB, concentrate without cereals and soybean meal, with camelina meal in addition to several by-products, and 20% less energy). The CAM treatment performed as well as the CON one. The FIB treatment increased feed conversion rate and tended to improve the redness and the oxidative stability. The CAM and FIB were economically more favourable. We found that a concentrate for feedlot lambs based on alternative ingredients, including several by-products, could be a feasible alternative to typical cereal-soybean meal-based concentrates.

scholarly journals Protected or Unprotected Fat Addition for Feedlot Lambs: Feeding Behavior, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Henry D. R. Alba ◽  
José E. de Freitas Júnior ◽  
Laudi C. Leite ◽  
José A. G. Azevêdo ◽  
Stefanie A. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Corn Germ ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Feedlot Lambs

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of protected or unprotected fats in the diet of feedlot lambs on feeding behavior, productive characteristics, carcass traits, and meat quality. Forty male Dorper × Santa Inês lambs (22.27 ± 2.79 kg) were randomly assigned to treatments in a completely randomized design. The experimental treatments consisted of five diets: no added fat (NAF), whole soybeans (WSB), calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFA), soybean oil (SO), and corn germ (CG). The total intake of dry matter (DMI) (p < 0.001) and neutral detergent fiber (NDFI) (p = 0.010) were higher in the CSFA and NAF diets. Feeding behavior, morphometric measurements, physicochemical characteristics, and centesimal composition of the Longissimus lumborum muscle were similar between treatments (p > 0.05). The CSFA diet provided higher production (p < 0.05) and better-quality carcasses. The inclusion of fat sources increased the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (p < 0.05). The use of calcium salts of fatty acids in feedlot lambs’ diets provides better quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the meat and carcass.

scholarly journals The impact of lamb diets containing either barley or corn on growth performance and carcass quality

2021 ◽  
pp. 1487-1491
Author(s):  
M. Ata ◽  
Belal S. Obeidat
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
The Impact

Background and Aim: Grains, such as barley (BAR) and corn (CORN), are major energy sources for small ruminants. This study aimed to assess the impact of feeding either BAR or CORN-based diets on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Materials and Methods: Awassi male lambs, average body weight of 20.4±0.49 kg, were chosen randomly. Lambs were acclimated for 10 days and assigned to one of two diets (1) BAR and (2) CORN. Feeding continued for 70 days with 60 days of data collection. Daily intake was recorded. Measurements of body weight were taken starting from day 1 then once per week throughout the study period. On day 40, six lambs were randomly chosen from each group and placed in metabolism cages to assess digestibility and N balance. Lambs were slaughtered on the last day of the study to evaluate carcass characteristics and meat quality. Results: Neutral and acid detergent fiber and ether extract intake were greater (p≤0.05) for lambs fed the BAR diets. Nitrogen loss in feces tended to be greater (p=0.09) for the CORN diet. Eye muscle depth (mm) tended to be greater (p=0.07) for the BAR diet. Nutrient digestibility, daily weight gain, carcass characteristics, and meat quality were not different (p≥0.1) between diets. Conclusion: The results herein demonstrate that feeding BAR grain improved nutrient intake efficiency and consistency and did not affect weight gain and carcass traits. BAR-based diets might be a useful alternative to CORN for feeding growing lambs.

scholarly journals Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Supplementation on the Meat Quality of Pigs: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyi Wang ◽  
Yuqin Huang ◽  
Yizhen Wang ◽  
Tizhong Shan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Meat Color ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Imf Content

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) supplementation has been widely discussed as a strategy for improving meat quality in pig production, but the effects are inconsistent. This meta-analysis was performed to comprehensively evaluate its effects on the meat quality and growth performance of pigs. We searched the PubMed and the Web of Science databases (articles published from January 1, 2000 to October 16, 2020) and compared PUFAs-supplemented diets with control diets. We identified 1,670 studies, of which 14 (with data for 752 pigs) were included in our meta-analysis. The subgroup analysis was classified as PUFA source [conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) or linseed], concentration (high or low concentration), and initial stage (growing or finishing pigs). Our analysis found that PUFA supplementation increased the intramuscular fat (IMF) content (WMD = 0.467%, 95% CI: 0.312–0.621, p &lt; 0.001), decreased the meat color L* (WMD = −0.636, 95% CI: −1.225 to −0.047, p = 0.034), and pH 24 h (WMD = −0.021, 95% CI: −0.032 to −0.009, p &lt; 0.001) but had no influence on drip loss, meat color a* and b*, pH 45 min, and growth performance. CLA supplementation improved IMF content (WMD = 0.542%, 95% CI: 0.343–0.741, p &lt; 0.001) and reduced meat color b* (WMD = −0.194, 95% CI: −0.344 to −0.044, p = 0.011). Linseed supplementation increased IMF content (WMD = 0.307%, 95% CI: 0.047–0.566, p = 0.021), decreased meat color L* (WMD = −1.740, 95% CI: −3.267 to −0.213, p = 0.026), and pH 24 h (WMD = 0.034, 95% CI: −0.049 to −0.018, p &lt; 0.001). We discovered an increase on the IMF content in both high and low concentration PUFA supplementation (WMD = 0.461%, 95% CI: −0.344 to −0.044, p &lt; 0.001; WMD = 0.456%, 95% CI: 0.276–0.635, p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, we also found the effects of PUFA supplementation on meat color L* and pH 24 h are concentration- and stage-dependent. PUFA supplementation can improve the meat quality of pigs, which mainly emerges in greatly increasing IMF content.

Effect of dietary inclusion of safflower meal on ruminal fermentation, growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-267
Author(s):  
Germán Buendía-Rodríguez ◽  
Laura H. Vallejo ◽  
Mona M.Y. Elghandour ◽  
Abdelfattah Z.M. Salem ◽  
Victor Mlambo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Post Feeding

This study examines the effect of including graded levels of safflower meal (SM) [0 (SM0), 150 (SM15), or 200 g kg−1 dry matter (SM20)] in diets of Katahdin–Pelibuey lambs on ruminal fermentation, growth performance, and meat quality. Experimental diets were randomly allocated to 24 lambs (29.25 ± 0.55 kg) in a 60 d feeding trial. On day 30, rumen fluid was collected from each sheep at 0, 3, and 6 h after morning feeding to measure pH, ammonia, and volatile fatty acids. Feed intake, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality were also measured. Feed intake, ruminal volatile fatty acids concentration, dry matter, and crude protein digestibility were not affected (P > 0.05) by diets. Lambs fed on SM15 had higher (P < 0.05) ruminal pH at 3 and 6 h post feeding compared with those on SM0 and SM20. Inclusion of SM increased (P < 0.05) ruminal ammonia concentration at 3 and 6 h post feeding; however, daily gain decreased with increasing levels of SM. Diets did not affect (P > 0.05) carcass and meat quality traits. Feeding SM-containing diets resulted in similar feed utilization, carcass characteristics, and meat quality to the control diet while improving ruminal fermentation parameters.

scholarly journals Carcass characteristics and meat quality of heavy swine fed different citrus pulp levels

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.H. Watanabe ◽  
M.C. Thomaz ◽  
U.S. Ruiz ◽  
V.M. Santos ◽  
G.C. I Masson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Lean Meat ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Citrus Pulp ◽  
Weight Yield

An assay with 36 swine initially weighting 83.7±5.1kg body weight (BW) was carried out to evaluate the effects of the use of different dietary citrus pulp levels, 0, 10%, 20%, and 30%, upon digestive organs weights, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of animals subjected to qualitative feed restriction program, and slaughtered at 130kg BW. Linear response (P<0.05) on the weight of stomach, colon, and liver were observed. Negative linear responses (P<0.05) on final BW and carcass yield relative to citrus pulp addition to the diet were observed. Although a negative linear effect (P<0.05) of increasing dietary levels of citrus pulp had been observed on ham weight, yield of this by product was not affected (P>0.05). Higher levels of citrus pulp neither decreased backfat thickness nor increased amount of lean meat, indicative that qualitative feed restriction was not efficient. Positive linear effect (P<0.05) on pH measured 24 hours after slaughter and negative linear effect (P<0.05) on color characteristics as function of citrus pulp dietary levels were verified. Citrus pulp addition in qualitative feed restriction program may not be effective. As no deleterious effects upon meat qualities were observed, citrus pulp can be used as an alternative feedstuff for finishing swine.

scholarly journals Effect of different dietary lipid levels on growth performance, slaughter yield, chemical composition, and histology of liver and intestine of pikeperch, Sander lucioperca

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 136-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kowalska ◽  
Z. Zakęś ◽  
B. Jankowska ◽  
K. Demska-Zakęś
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Sander Lucioperca ◽  
The Impact

In this study, 16-month-old pikeperch, Sander lucioperca, (initial body weight 280 g) were fed three diets with different lipid levels with the aim of determining the impact on the growth performance, hepatic and intestinal histological structure, chemical composition, and slaughter yield of this species. The fish were fed isoproteinaceous feeds (450 g protein/kg feed) containing 60 g lipids/kg feed (group F6), 100 g lipids/kg feed (group F10) and 180 g lipids/kg feed (group F18). No significant differences were noted among the treatment groups in body weight gain and in the feeding coefficients of experimental feeds (P &gt; 0. 05). In the group of fish administered the diet with the lowest lipid content (group F6), the share of skinned fillet in the whole body weight was the highest (48% vs. 43% in group F18) (P &lt; 0.05). No significant differences among groups were confirmed in the relative values of the viscera weight (4.8&ndash;5.8%) (P &gt; 0.05). The highest values of the size of hepatocytes and their nuclei, intestinal cells, supranuclear vacuoles of enterocytes, and the degree of vacuolization in hepatocytes were determined in group F18 (P &lt; 0.05), indicating histopathological changes. The highest body and viscera lipid contents were noted in individuals from group F18 (P &lt; 0.05). The high lipid content in the viscera of fish from this group was linked to the significantly lowest content of protein and ash. The levels of lipids, protein, and ash were similar (P &gt; 0.05) in the pikeperch fillets from the three feeding treatments. The levels of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFA) in the whole fish body, in the viscera and fillets (P &lt; 0.05) were the significantly highest in group F18. Significant differences in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) among the groups were confirmed in the whole fish body and viscera (P &lt; 0.05), while the values in the fillets were similar (P &gt; 0.05). The n&ndash;3/n&ndash;6 index for the fish fillets ranged from 2.4 (group F18) to 4.7 (group F6) (P &lt; 0.05). The levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFA), arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the fillets of fish from the three dietary treatments were similar (P &gt; 0.05). The fillets of fish from group F6, however, had the lowest levels of linolenic and linoleic acid (ALA and LA) and the highest levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (P &lt; 0.05).

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