scholarly journals Effect of Microbial Phytase on Ileal Digestibility of Phytate Phosphorus, Total Phosphorus, and Amino Acids in a Low-Phosphorus Diet for Broilers

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Rutherfurd ◽  
T.K. Chung ◽  
P.C. Morel ◽  
P.J. Moughan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Phytate Phosphorus ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Microbial Phytase

Dietary cholecalciferol lowers the maximal activity of intestinal mucosa phytase in ducklings fed low-phosphorus diets

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-404
Author(s):  
E. M. Onyango ◽  
O. Adeola
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
The Individual

Onyango, E. M. and Adeola, O. 2011. Dietary cholecalciferol lowers the maximal activity of intestinal mucosa phytase in ducklings fed low-phosphorus diets. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 399–404. The role of cholecalciferol and phosphorus in the regulation of intestinal mucosa phytase was investigated in White Pekin ducklings. Ninety-six 7-d-old male ducklings were grouped by weight into six blocks of four cages with four ducklings per cage. The average weights of the individual birds in the six subgroups were: 282, 270, 263, 255, 247 and 236 g, respectively. Four corn-soybean meal-based mash diets were randomly assigned to cages within each block. The four diets consisted of cholecalciferol at 0 or 75 µg kg–1 and total phosphorus at 3.6 or 7.0 (or 0.12 or 0.46 available phosphorus, respectively) g kg−1 in a 2×2 factorial arrangement. Birds were fed the experimental diets for 9 d under conditions that excluded ultraviolet light. Ducklings fed diets with cholecalciferol concentration at 75 µg kg−1 of diet showed a lower maximal activity and Km value of intestinal mucosa phytase (P<0.05), and higher apparent ileal digestibility of calcium (P<0.0001). Ducklings fed diets with total phosphorus concentration at 7.0 g kg−1 of diet showed no change in intestinal mucosa phytase activity, but had higher weight gain, feed intake, tibia ash, ileal digestibility of phosphorus (P<0.0001), and feed efficiency (P<0.001). In conclusion, dietary cholecalciferol decreased the maximal activity and Km value of intestinal mucosa phytase in ducklings fed low-phosphorus diets.

scholarly journals A new source of high-protein distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) has greater digestibility of amino acids and energy, but less digestibility of phosphorus, than de-oiled DDGS when fed to growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoy Cristobal ◽  
Jessica P Acosta ◽  
Su A Lee ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Microbial Phytase

Abstract AbstractThree experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA), concentration of metabolizable (ME), and standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in a new source of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; ProCap DDGS) are greater than in conventional de-oiled DDGS. In experiment 1, nine barrows (initial BW: 67.2 ± 6.4 kg) with a T-cannula in the distal ileum were allotted to a triplicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with three diets and three periods for a total of nine replicate pigs per diet. Two diets included ProCap DDGS or de-oiled DDGS as the sole source of crude protein (CP) and AA. An N-free diet was used to determine the basal endogenous losses of CP and AA. Ileal digesta were collected on days 5 and 6 of each period after 4 d of adaptation to diets. Results from experiment 1 indicated that ProCap DDGS contained more CP and AA compared with de-oiled DDGS. The SID of all AA in ProCap DDGS was greater (P &lt; 0.001) compared with de-oiled DDGS with the exception that the SID of Pro was not different between the two sources of DDGS. In experiment 2, 24 growing barrows (initial BW: 32.7 ± 3.1 kg) were housed individually in metabolism crates and used in a randomized complete block design and fed a corn-based diet or two diets containing corn and each source of DDGS with eight replicate pigs per diet. Fecal and urine samples were collected for 4 d after 7 d of adaptation. Results from experiment 2 indicated that concentration of ME in ProCap DDGS was greater (P &lt; 0.05) compared with corn or de-oiled DDGS. In experiment 3, 32 growing barrows (initial BW: 20.2 ± 0.9 kg) were placed in metabolism crates and allotted to four diets with eight pigs per diet using a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement. The de-oiled DDGS and ProCap DDGS were both included in a diet without microbial phytase and a diet with microbial phytase (500 units/kg diet). Pigs were adapted to the diets for 5 d and fecal samples were collected for 4 d. Results from experiment 3 indicated that inclusion of phytase in the diet containing ProCap DDGS increased (P &lt; 0.05) the STTD of P, but addition of phytase to the de-oiled DDGS diet did not increase STTD of P (interaction, P &lt; 0.001), but the STTD of P was greater (P &lt; 0.05) in de-oiled DDGS compared with ProCap DDGS. In conclusion, ProCap DDGS has greater SID of AA and contains more ME, but has reduced STTD of P compared with conventional de-oiled DDGS.

Effectiveness of exogenous microbial phytase in improving the bioavailabilities of phosphorus and other nutrients in maize-soya-bean meal diets for broilers

2001 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Camden ◽  
P.C.H. Morel ◽  
D. V. Thomas ◽  
V. Ravindran ◽  
M. R. Bedford
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Phytate Phosphorus ◽  
Phytate Degradation ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Microbial Phytase ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Soya Bean Meal

AbstractA 3-week feeding trial using 300 1-day-old male broiler chicks was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding three levels of a microbial phytase (Finnfeed phytase; 250, 500 and 1000 U per kg diet) to a maize-soya-bean-meal diet containing 3·0 g/kg non-phytate phosphorus and 8·0 g/kg calcium. A diet containing 4·0 g/kg non-phytate phosphorus and 9·0 g/kg calcium served as the positive control. The responses were evaluated in terms of broiler performance, toe ash contents, ileal phytate degradation, ileal digestibility of nitrogen, amino acids, phosphorus, starch and fat, apparent metabolizable energy, apparent ileal digestible energy, and apparent retention of phosphorus and nitrogen. The addition of 500 U phytase per kg diet to the phosphorus-deficient maize-soya-bean-meal diet improved the performance and toe ash contents of broilers to equal those given the positive control diet. Ileal phytate degradation data provided direct evidence to the efficacy of phytase in hydrolysing the phytic acid. Addition of 500 U phytase per kg to the maize-soya-bean-meal diet which contained 3·0 g phytate-phosphorus per kg resulted in more than doubling of phytate degradation from 0·218 to 0·481. Supplemental phytase improved ileal digestibility of nitrogen, amino acids, starch and lipids, with these improvements being eventually reflected in enhancements in ileal digestible energy and apparent metabolizable energy.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary sodium phytate and microbial phytase on the lipase activity and lipid metabolism of broiler chickens

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 862-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Liu ◽  
Yingjun Ru ◽  
Jianping Wang ◽  
Tingsheng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Phytate ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Phytate Phosphorus ◽  
Microbial Phytase

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary phytate and microbial phytase on the lipase activity, lipid metabolism and mRNA expressions of fatty acid synthase (FASN) and leptin in broiler chickens. The study was conducted as a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments with phytate phosphorus at 0·20 and 0·40 % (added as the sodium phytate) and supplemental microbial phytase at 0, 500, or 1000 phytase units/kg. The results showed that phytase improved (P < 0·05) the growth performance and ileal digestibility of nutrients of broilers, but phytate had no effect (P>0·05) on these parameters, except the decrease (P < 0·01) in the digestibility of Ca. Phytate decreased (P < 0·05) the lipase activity, serum total cholesterol (T-CHO) and hepatic TAG, and elevated (P < 0·01) serum NEFA and HDL cholesterol. Phytase decreased (P < 0·05) serum NEFA, but increased (P < 0·01) serum T-CHO and hepatic TAG. Phytate and phytase also influenced (P < 0·01) the mRNA expressions of leptin in the liver. There were significant (P < 0·05) interactions of phytate and phytase on the concentrations of serum TAG and LDL cholesterol, hepatic NEFA and T-CHO, and the mRNA expressions of FASN. The results suggest that phytate and phytase can affect lipase activity and lipid metabolism of broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Effect of microbial phytase and diet fermentation on ileal and total tract digestibility of nutrients and energy in growing pigs

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nitrayová ◽  
P. Patráš ◽  
M. Brestenský ◽  
J. Zelenka ◽  
J. Brož ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Laboratory Setup ◽  
Microbial Phytase ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Dry Diet

A digestibility experiment using six ileally cannulated growing gilts (initial BW 31.6 kg) was carried out to study the effect of microbial phytase and diet form on apparent ileal and total tract digestibilities of dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca) and energy and on apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids. The basal P-deficient diet was fed either dry or mixed with water (feed:water ratio 1:2.5) and fermented in a laboratory setup. The enzyme was added to the dry diet at four levels (0, 1 000, 1 500 and 3 000 U/kg) and to the liquid fermented diet at two levels (0 and 1 000 U/kg) using a 6 × 6 Latin square design. The supplementation of microbial phytase to the basal diets significantly (<I>P</I> < 0.05) improved ileal and total tract digestibility of P and tended to improve the digestibility of Ca. Phytase supplementation at 3 000 U/kg to the dry diet improved ileal and total tract P digestibility by approximately 30 and 60%, respectively. A similar effect was found in the liquid fermented diet supplemented with phytase at 1 000 U/kg. As a result of improved P digestibility, faecal P excretion was reduced by 20–40%. There was no significant effect of phytase addition or diet fermentation on the digestibility of DM, N, energy or amino acids. The response in amino acid digestibility to phytase calculated with acid insoluble ash as a marker was slightly higher than that calculated with Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>.

scholarly journals Torula yeast has greater digestibility of amino acids and phosphorus, but not energy, compared with a commercial source of fish meal fed to weanling pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Vanessa Lagos ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Torula Yeast ◽  
Microbial Phytase ◽  
Commercial Source

Abstract Three experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA, concentrations of DE and ME, and the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in a source of torula yeast are not different from values obtained in Menhaden fish meal. In experiment 1, six weanling barrows (initial BW: 11.7 ± 0.4 kg) were prepared with a T-cannula in the distal ileum and allotted to a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with 3 diets and 3 periods. In each period, there were 5 d of adaptation and 2 d of collection. Two cornstarch-based diets using the torula yeast or fish meal as the sole source of AA and a N-free diet were formulated. The SID of CP and all AA was greater (P &lt; 0.05) in torula yeast than in fish meal. In experiment 2, 24 weanling barrows (initial BW: 14.4 ± 1.1 kg) were individually housed in metabolism crates and allotted to a corn-based diet or 2 diets based on a mixture of corn and torula yeast or corn and fish meal. Feces and urine samples were collected for 4 d following a 5-d adaptation period. There were 8 replicate pigs per diet and fecal and urine materials were collected. Results of this experiment indicated that there were no differences in the concentration of DE and ME (DM basis) between torula yeast and fish meal. In experiment 3, a total of 32 weanling barrows (initial BW: 11.9 ± 1.1 kg) were allotted to 4 diets and 8 replicate pigs per diet. Pigs were placed in individual metabolism crates. The torula yeast or fish meal were used in 2 diets containing either 0 or 500 units of microbial phytase. Feces samples were collected as described for experiment 2. The STTD of P in torula yeast was greater (P &lt; 0.05) than in fish meal, but regardless of ingredient, there was no effect of the inclusion of phytase in the diets. In conclusion, the SID of AA and the STTD of P in torula yeast is greater than in fish meal, but values for the concentration of DE and ME in torula yeast are not different from those in fish meal. Therefore, the torula yeast that was used in the present experiments may be included at the expense of fish meal in diets fed to weanling pigs if the concentration of standardized ileal digestible AA is considered in the formulation.

scholarly journals 181 Effects of Aspergillus oryzae prebiotic on energy and nutrient digestibility of growing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 80-80
Author(s):  
Jinlong Zhu ◽  
Gerald C Shurson ◽  
Lynsey Whitacre ◽  
Ignacio R Ipharraguerre ◽  
Pedro E Urriola
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Wheat Middlings ◽  
Corn Distillers

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the effects of an Aspergillus oryzae prebiotic (AOP, Amaferm®) on nutrient digestibility in growing pigs fed high fiber diets. Eighteen growing barrows (initial BW = 50.60 ± 4.90 kg) were surgically equipped with a T-cannula at the distal ileum. Three diets were formulated by including 29.65% corn-distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), 36.65% rice bran (RB) or 24.59% wheat middlings (WM) in corn and soybean meal-based diets to meet nutrient requirements for 50 to 75 kg growing pigs. Three additional diets were formulated by supplementing 0.05% AOP at the expense of corn in DDGS (DDGS + AOP), RB (RB + AOP), and wheat middlings (WM + AOP) diets. Pigs were allotted randomly to a triplicated 6 × 2 Youden square design with 6 diets and 2 successive periods. Feces and ileal digesta were collected for 2 d after a 21 d adaptation period, and nutrient content was analyzed to calculate apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and apparent ileal digestibility (AID). Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids was calculated by correcting AID with basal endogenous amino acid losses determined from the same set of pigs. Supplementation of 0.05% AOP increased (P &lt; 0.05) ATTD of DM, GE, CP, NDF, and ash in DDGS, RB, and WM diets. Diet DE was 35 kcal/kg greater (P &lt; 0.05) in pigs fed AOP supplemented diets compared with those fed diets without AOP. Pigs fed DDGS+AOP diet had greater (P &lt; 0.05) AID of ether extract compared to those fed DDGS diet. However, supplementation of AOP did not (P &gt; 0.05) affect AID of GE, DM, CP, NDF, ash or SID of amino acids. In conclusion, supplementation of AOP in high fiber diets containing DDGS, RB, or WM increased total tract energy value and nutrient digestibility.

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