scholarly journals Whale sharks target dense prey patches of sergestid shrimp off Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph A. Rohner ◽  
Amelia J. Armstrong ◽  
Simon J. Pierce ◽  
Clare E. M. Prebble ◽  
E. Fernando Cagua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whale Sharks ◽  
Prey Patches

scholarly journals Regional movements of satellite‐tagged whale sharks Rhincodon typus in the Gulf of Aden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Andrzejaczek ◽  
Michel Vély ◽  
Daniel Jouannet ◽  
David Rowat ◽  
Sabrina Fossette
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Aden ◽  
Rhincodon Typus ◽  
Whale Sharks

scholarly journals Diet of whale sharks Rhincodon typus inferred from stomach content and signature fatty acid analyses

2013 ◽  
Vol 493 ◽  
pp. 219-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
CA Rohner ◽  
LIE Couturier ◽  
AJ Richardson ◽  
SJ Pierce ◽  
CEM Prebble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Rhincodon Typus ◽  
Whale Sharks

Predicting current and future global distributions of whale sharks

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. M. Sequeira ◽  
Camille Mellin ◽  
Damien A. Fordham ◽  
Mark G. Meekan ◽  
Corey J. A. Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Whale Sharks

scholarly journals Multiple-stage decisions in a marine central-place forager

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 160043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ari S. Friedlaender ◽  
David W. Johnston ◽  
Reny B. Tyson ◽  
Amanda Kaltenberg ◽  
Jeremy A. Goldbogen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Foraging Efficiency ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Baleen Whales ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Central Place Forager ◽  
Prey Patches

Air-breathing marine animals face a complex set of physical challenges associated with diving that affect the decisions of how to optimize feeding. Baleen whales (Mysticeti) have evolved bulk-filter feeding mechanisms to efficiently feed on dense prey patches. Baleen whales are central place foragers where oxygen at the surface represents the central place and depth acts as the distance to prey. Although hypothesized that baleen whales will target the densest prey patches anywhere in the water column, how depth and density interact to influence foraging behaviour is poorly understood. We used multi-sensor archival tags and active acoustics to quantify Antarctic humpback whale foraging behaviour relative to prey. Our analyses reveal multi-stage foraging decisions driven by both krill depth and density. During daylight hours when whales did not feed, krill were found in deep high-density patches. As krill migrated vertically into larger and less dense patches near the surface, whales began to forage. During foraging bouts, we found that feeding rates (number of feeding lunges per hour) were greatest when prey was shallowest, and feeding rates decreased with increasing dive depth. This strategy is consistent with previous models of how air-breathing diving animals optimize foraging efficiency. Thus, humpback whales forage mainly when prey is more broadly distributed and shallower, presumably to minimize diving and searching costs and to increase feeding rates overall and thus foraging efficiency. Using direct measurements of feeding behaviour from animal-borne tags and prey availability from echosounders, our study demonstrates a multi-stage foraging process in a central place forager that we suggest acts to optimize overall efficiency by maximizing net energy gain over time. These data reveal a previously unrecognized level of complexity in predator–prey interactions and underscores the need to simultaneously measure prey distribution in marine central place forager studies.

The effect of chrysanthemum leaf trichome density and prey spatial distribution on predation of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) by Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Stavrinides ◽  
D.J. Skirvin
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Phytoseiulus Persimilis ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Trichome Density ◽  
Release Point ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Leaf Hairiness ◽  
Leaf Trichome ◽  
Prey Patches

AbstractThe effect of plant architecture, in terms of leaf hairiness, and prey spatial arrangement, on predation rate of eggs of the spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, by the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot was examined on cut stems of chrysanthemums. Three levels of leaf hairiness (trichome density) were obtained using two different chrysanthemum cultivars and two ages within one of the cultivars. The number of prey consumed by P. persimilis was inversely related to trichome density. At low prey densities (less than ten eggs per stem), prey consumption did not differ in a biologically meaningful way between treatments. The effect of prey spatial arrangement on the predation rate of P. persimilis was also examined. Predation rates were higher in prey patches on leaves adjacent to the release point of P. persimilis, but significantly greater numbers of prey were consumed in higher density prey patches compared to low density patches. The predators exhibited non-random searching behaviour, spending more time on leaves closest to the release point. The implications of these findings for biological control and predator–prey dynamics are discussed.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal patterns of nature-based tourism interactions with whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia

2014 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Anderson ◽  
Halina T. Kobryn ◽  
Brad M. Norman ◽  
Lars Bejder ◽  
Julian A. Tyne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Rhincodon Typus ◽  
Ningaloo Reef ◽  
Whale Sharks

scholarly journals Sizing and scarring of whale shark (Rhincodon typus Smith, 1828) in the Cenderawasih Bay National Park

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-213
Author(s):  
Yusup A Jentewo ◽  
Roni Bawole ◽  
Tresia S Tururaja ◽  
Mudjirahayu Mudjirahayu ◽  
Zeth Parinding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whale Shark ◽  
Gill Slit ◽  
Rhincodon Typus ◽  
Photo Identification ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Whale Sharks ◽  
Photo Collection

This study aims to determine the total length and scar condition of the body of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) in Cendrawasih Bay National Park (TNTC), Papua-Indonesia. Photo-identification was used to identify individuals of the whale shark R. typus based on spot patterns behind the last gill slit of each individual. Photo-identification was also used to determine the scar of the whale shark. The total length of whale sharks were estimated based on the length of a snorkeller (assumed to be 1.6 m) swimming alongside the whale shark. We identified 21 individuals of R. typus. Of these 21 individuals, 14 were new sightings and seven were re-sightings that have been recorded in the previous photo collection database. R. typus ranged in size from 2 to 5 m total length (average 3.78 m, ±0,86, N= 21). Based on their size, all individuals of whale shark were categorized as juvenile. 52% of R. typus identified had scars and 38 % were not and 10% were unknown. The majority of whale sharks had amputation (12 individuals) and abrasion (7 individuals) scars. Scars occurred most often on the caudal fin and dorsal fin, five and four individuals respectively. This information is useful for understanding potential threats and designing better management programmes for R. typus conservation in TNTC.

scholarly journals Analisis Dampak Ekonomi Wisata Hiu Paus Terhadap Pendapatan Masyarakat Batubarani Gorontalo

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Eduart Wolok
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
High Category ◽  
Income Multiplier ◽  
Whale Sharks ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to determine the economic impact of Whale Sharks travel to revenue of Batubarani villagers in Gorontalo . This study was conducted in January-May 2016. Datacollection was done by direct observation using questionnaires . The economic impact wasanalyzed by using Keynesian Income Multiplier . The results showed that the impact of whalesharks travel to people's income Batubarani at the high category . Income Keynesian Multipliervalue is 1:52 , Type 1 Income Multiplier Ratio is 1.61 and Type 2 Income Multiplier Ratio is1.97. 

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