scholarly journals Travellers give wings to novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E Wilson ◽  
Lin H Chen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Severe Respiratory Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

A novel coronavirus, probably of bat origin, has caused an outbreak of severe respiratory infection in humans in Wuhan, China and has been dispersed globally by travelers. The WHO has declared the spread of the infection a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.

scholarly journals Implications of antibiotics use during the COVID-19 pandemic: present and future

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 3413-3416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Miranda ◽  
Vanessa Silva ◽  
Rosa Capita ◽  
Carlos Alonso-Calleja ◽  
Gilberto Igrejas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Global Impact ◽  
Antibiotics Use ◽  
Severe Respiratory Infection ◽  
Health Policymaking

Abstract COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has infected more than 4 million people with 278 892 deaths worldwide as of 11 May 2020. This disease, which can manifest as a severe respiratory infection, has been declared as a public health emergency of international concern and is being treated with a variety of antivirals, antibiotics and antifungals. This article highlights the administration of antimicrobials in COVID-19 patients worldwide, during the 2019–20 pandemic. It is imperative to be aware of the unreported amounts of antibiotics that have been administered worldwide in just a few months and a marked increase in antimicrobial resistance should therefore be expected. Due to the lack of data about antimicrobial use during this pandemic, the global impact on the emergence of new antimicrobial resistance is as yet unknown. This issue must be at the forefront of public health policymaking and planning in order that we are prepared for the potentially severe consequences for human and animal health and the environment.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Disaster

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-8
Author(s):  
Solomon Arigwe Joseph ◽  
Abuhuraira Ado Musa ◽  
Faisal Muhammad ◽  
Tijjani Muhammad Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

People began to become ill in late December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and the illness was revealed to be a kind of pneumonia with unusual signs and symptoms. It was eventually discovered as a novel coronavirus, a virus that causes widespread sickness in animals and birds. World Health Organization (WHO) named this new viral disease coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in January 2020.

COVID 19 and its management

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Subhashis Debnath ◽  
Runa Chakravorty ◽  
Donita Devi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

In December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2, a novel coronavirus, initiated an outbreak of pneumonia from Wuhan in China, which rapidly spread worldwide. The outbreak was declared as “a public health emergency of international concern” by the WHO on January 30, 2020, and as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. The disease is transmitted by inhalation or contact with infected droplets and the incubation period ranges from 2 to 14 d. The symptoms are usually fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, malaise among others. The disease is mild in most people; in some (usually the elderly and those with comorbidities), it may progress to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi organ dysfunction. Many people are asymptomatic. The virus spreads faster than its two ancestors the SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), but has lower fatality.

scholarly journals Nanobiosensors for the Detection of Novel Coronavirus 2019-nCoV and Other Pandemic/Epidemic Respiratory Viruses: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 6591
Author(s):  
Badriyah Alhalaili ◽  
Ileana Nicoleta Popescu ◽  
Olfa Kamoun ◽  
Feras Alzubi ◽  
Sami Alawadhia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Made In

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is considered a public health emergency of international concern. The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that caused this pandemic has spread rapidly to over 200 countries, and has drastically affected public health and the economies of states at unprecedented levels. In this context, efforts around the world are focusing on solving this problem in several directions of research, by: (i) exploring the origin and evolution of the phylogeny of the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome; (ii) developing nanobiosensors that could be highly effective in detecting the new coronavirus; (iii) finding effective treatments for COVID-19; and (iv) working on vaccine development. In this paper, an overview of the progress made in the development of nanobiosensors for the detection of human coronaviruses (SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is presented, along with specific techniques for modifying the surface of nanobiosensors. The newest detection methods of the influenza virus responsible for acute respiratory syndrome were compared with conventional methods, highlighting the newest trends in diagnostics, applications, and challenges of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 causative virus) nanobiosensors.

scholarly journals Lessons learned from COVID-19 outbreaks profile in combination with pathology, diagnosis, treatment and vaccines

2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 03069
Author(s):  
Ruizhe Liu ◽  
Enqi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Health It ◽  
Severe Respiratory Infection

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which may lead to severe respiratory infection. Since December 2019, the first COVID-19 case was detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The virus has been spread worldwide, and many countries are still struggling with disease control. Therefore, this revision would provide experience accumulated and the lessons learned by China in the pandemic. The current work reviewed the basic information about COVID-19 in the aspects of pathology, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and the major pandemic outbreaks in China. By summarizing and analyzing the measurements taken by the Chinese government and their corresponding outcomes on public health, it determined the progress made on the policies and their efficiency in the control of pandemics. With the sharing of these lessons, other countries can learn from establishing the COVID-19 surveillance system in China that would support their struggle on domestic public health.

scholarly journals An interim review of the epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e2020006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhyun Ryu ◽  
Byung Chul Chun
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

OBJECTIVES: The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) from Wuhan, China is currently recognized as a public health emergency of global concern.METHODS: We reviewed the currently available literature to provide up-to-date guidance on control measures to be implemented by public health authorities.RESULTS: Some of the epidemiological characteristics of 2019-nCoV have been identified. However, there remain considerable uncertainties, which should be considered when providing guidance to public health authorities on control measures.CONCLUSIONS: Additional studies incorporating more detailed information from confirmed cases would be valuable.

scholarly journals Early surveillance and public health emergency disposal measures between novel coronavirus disease 2019 and avian influenza in China: a case-comparison study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Zhang ◽  
Wenming Shi ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Ge Bai ◽  
Ruiming Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Case Comparison ◽  
The Government ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Control

AbstractBackgroundThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is spreading rapidly throughout China and the world. Hence, early surveillance and public health emergency disposal are considered crucial to curb this emerging infectious disease. However, studies that investigated the early surveillance and public health emergency disposal for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 outbreak in China are relatively few. We aimed to compare the strengths and weaknesses of early surveillance and public health emergency disposal for prevention and control between COVID-19 and H7N9 avian influenza, which was commended by the international community, in China.MethodsA case-comparison study was conducted using a set of six key time nodes to form a reference framework for evaluating early surveillance and public health emergency disposal between H7N9 avian influenza (2013) in Shanghai, China and COVID-19 in Wuhan, China.FindingsA report to the local Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China, for the first hospitalized patient was sent after 6 and 20 days for H7N9 avian influenza and COVID-19, respectively. In contrast, the pathogen was identified faster in the case of COVID-19 than in the case of H7N9 avian influenza (12 days vs. 31 days). The government response regarding COVID-19 was 10 days later than that regarding avian influenza. The entire process of early surveillance and public health emergency disposal lasted 5 days longer in COVID-19 than in H7N9 avian influenza (46 days vs. 41 days).ConclusionsThe identification of the unknown pathogen improved in China between the outbreaks of avian influenza and COVID-19. The longer emergency disposal period in the case of COVID-19 could be attributed to the government’s slower response to the epidemic. Improving public health emergency management could lessen the adverse social effects of emerging infectious diseases and public health crisis in the future.ContributorsTZ, WS, and LL designed the project, processed and analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript. YW, GB, RD, and QW edited the manuscript. All authors revised the draft.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2, SARS and MERS: Three formidable coronaviruses which have originated from bats

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
Arezoo Mirzaei ◽  
Sharareh Moghim
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
International Public Health ◽  
Medical Need ◽  
The World ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Death Cases

The recent continuously emerging rampancy of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that started in Wuhan in late December 2019 has become an international public health emergency and is still spreading rapidly in the world. Up to October 11, 2020, 37.109.6851 confirmed cases of COVID-19 have been announced with 2.8 percent death, which means 1.070.355 confirmed death cases. At the moment, a specific vaccine or drug for the new coronavirus is not available; thus, the development of a drug with far-reaching HCoV inhibitory activity is an urgent medical need. It is, however, vital to first comprehend the nature of this family and other coronaviruses that have caused the outbreak. Here, we relate the epidemiological and virological characteristics of the COVID-19, SARS, and MERS rampancy.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and mental health

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 3309
Author(s):  
Gitashree Dutta ◽  
Tarun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

World Health Organization (WHO) considered the outbreak of a novel coronavirus, COVID-19, to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 2020 and finally on March 2020, WHO declared COVID-19 as a pandemic.

scholarly journals CoVID-19: a Digestive Disease!

2020 ◽  
pp. 714-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Younes Cherradi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Digestive Disease ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Digestive Endoscopy ◽  
First Case ◽  
Multiple Levels

CoVID-19 is a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Since the first case has been reported in Wuhan in China, evidence of associated severe acute respiratory syndrome is well established and the disease is accepted as a primarily respiratory infection. However, current available data are supporting a gastrointestinal tropism with great implications at multiple levels in the course of this disease. The gastrointestinal tract appears in the heart of the strategy for management of infected patients from diagnosis to post-recovery isolation policies. This review highlights the digestive aspects of CoVID-19. Keywords: ACE2, CoVID-19, Digestive, Endoscopy, Fecal transmission, Liver, Prognosis

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