Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms Associated With the Resistance of the European Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) to Lambda-Cyhalothrin and First Monitoring Tool

Genomic basis of circannual rhythm in the european corn borer moth

10.1101/633362 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Genevieve M. Kozak ◽

Crista B. Wadsworth ◽

Shoshanna C. Kahne ◽

Steven M. Bogdanowicz ◽

Richard G. Harrison ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Linkage Disequilibrium ◽

Circadian Clock ◽

European Corn Borer ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Clock Genes ◽

Clock Cycle ◽

Physiological Role ◽

Genomic Variation ◽

Circannual Rhythm ◽

Corn Borer

ABSTRACTGenetic variation in life-history timing allows populations to synchronize with seasonal cycles but little is known about the molecular mechanisms that produce differences in circannual rhythm in nature. Changes in diapause timing in the European corn borer moth (Ostrinia nubilalis) have facilitated rapid response to shifts in winter length encountered during range expansion and from climate change, with some populations emerging from diapause earlier to produce an additional generation per year. We identify genomic variation associated with changes in the time spent in winter diapause and show evidence that the circadian clock genes period (per) and pigment dispersing factor receptor (Pdfr) interact to underlie this adaptive polymorphism in circannual rhythm. Per and Pdfr are located within two epistatic QTL, strongly differ in allele frequency among individuals that pupate earlier or later, have the highest linkage disequilibrium among gene pairs in the QTL regions despite separation by > 4 megabases, and possess amino-acid changes likely to affect function. One per mutation in linkage disequilibrium with Pdfr creates a novel putative clock-cycle binding site found exclusively in populations that pupate later. We find associated changes in free-running daily circadian rhythm, with longer daily rhythms in individuals that end diapause early. These results support a modular connection between circadian and circannual timers and provide testable hypotheses about the physiological role of the circadian clock in seasonal synchrony. Winter length is expected to continually shorten from climate warming and we predict these gene candidates will be targets of selection for future adaptation and population persistence.

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Effects of insecticides used against the European corn borer on thrips abundance on maize

Plant Protection Science ◽

10.17221/78/2016-pps ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 53 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 44-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bereś Paweł Krystian ◽

Kucharczyk Halina ◽

Górski Dariusz

Keyword(s):

Chemical Treatment ◽

Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽

European Corn Borer ◽

Corn Borer ◽

High Effectiveness ◽

South Eastern ◽

Population Peak ◽

Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽

Single Chemical ◽

Active Substances

The effect of a single chemical treatment against Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.) on thrips abundance on maize in south-eastern Poland was evaluated. Two insecticides: Karate Zeon 050 CS, containing lambda-cyhalothrin, and Proteus 110 OD, containing thiacloprid with deltamethrin, were tested. Maize was sprayed in the second ten days of July, during the abundant occurrence of O. nubilalis larvae, which coincided with the population peak of thrips on plants. The tested active substances showed high effectiveness against thrips, but a better effect, reflected in a decrease in thrips abundance, was found for the mixture of thiacloprid with deltamethrin. The tested insecticides significantly reduced the population of thrips for up to 14 days after treatment.

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Effects of different insecticides on the antioxidative defense system of the European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) larvae

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs180701042f ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 765-773 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Filip Franeta ◽

Dejan Mircic ◽

Dajana Todorovic ◽

Zeljko Milovac ◽

Nihat Granica ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽

European Corn Borer ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Block Design ◽

Antioxidative Defense ◽

Defense System ◽

Corn Borer ◽

Sh Groups ◽

Antioxidative Defense System ◽

Lambda Cyhalothrin

The European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) is one of the most important insect pests of maize, and has a significant impact on the production of this crop. In this work, we examined the effects of different insecticides on the antioxidative defense system of O. nubilalis larvae. The experimental setup consisted of a completely randomized block design with 4 replicates. Four experimental groups were formed as follows: control (C), indoxacarb (250 mL ha-1), chlorantraniliprole (100 mL ha-1) and the chlorantraniliprole+lambda cyhalothrin (200 mL ha-1) group. Larvae from maize stems were collected 20 days after insecticide application and the whole larvae were homogenized. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), and the total amount of free SH groups were assessed. Comparison of the experimental groups showed that indoxacarb significantly affected the activities of GST, GPx and the total amount of free SH groups, while chlorantraniliprole significantly affected the activities of SOD, CAT, GST and the total amount of free SH groups, while chlorantraniliprole+lambda cyhalothrin significantly affected the activities of CAT, GST and the total amount of free SH groups. The results show that exposure to insecticides considerably affects the antioxidative defense components of the European corn borer larvae, especially chlorantraniliprole (T2).

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Fungal biodiversity on maize kernels in an insecticide evaluation trial

Pesticidi i fitomedicina ◽

10.2298/pif1901031t ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 31-37

Author(s):

Sonja Tancic-Zivanov ◽

Mirjana Lalosevic ◽

Radivoje Jevtic ◽

Filip Franeta ◽

Zeljko Milovac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

European Corn Borer ◽

Fusarium Species ◽

Fusarium Ear Rot ◽

Ear Rot ◽

Maize Production ◽

Corn Borer ◽

Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽

Evaluation Trial ◽

Maize Kernels ◽

Penicillium Spp

The European corn borer (ECB) Ostrinia nubilalis and Fusarium ear rot Fusarium spp. pose a continuous threat to maize production worldwide. There are several reports indicating that ECB damage to maize ears promotes Fusarium ear rot infection. The aim of this study was to monitor the influence of different insecticide treatments (a.i. chlorantraniliprole, indoxacarb, and chlorantraniliprole+lambda-cyhalothrin) on the ECB and fungal diversity on maize kernels in the field in a four-year trial (2013-2016). A total of 16 different fungal genera were isolated from maize kernels, and Fusarium species were confirmed to be the dominant pathogens, present in all treatments, throughout the four years of experiments. The incidence of Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp. was established to be low. Apart from Fusarium species, the most frequent genera were: Aspergillus spp., Mortierella spp., Mucor spp., Penicillium spp., Acremonium spp. and Rhizopus spp. Treatments with chlorantraniliprole and chlorantraniliprole+lambda-cyhalothrin showed higher efficacy, though not statistically significant, compared to indoxacarb, in reducing the number of ECB larvae and damage they cause. However, no direct effect on the number of isolated fungal genera has been observed in any of the three insecticide treatments.

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The effect of knockdown of insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 on glucose and lipid metabolism in human hepatoblastoma cells

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs180705040y ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 757-764

Author(s):

Tianfei Yu ◽

Ming Li ◽

Huiying Dong ◽

Pengyu Xie ◽

Wanzhu Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

European Corn Borer ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Block Design ◽

Antioxidative Defense ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Corn Borer ◽

Sh Groups ◽

Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Lambda Cyhalothrin

The European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) is one of the most important insect pests of maize, and has a significant impact on the production of this crop. In this work, we examined the effects of different insecticides on the antioxidative defense system of O. nubilalis larvae. The experimental setup consisted of a completely randomized block design with 4 replicates. Four experimental groups were formed as follows: control (C), indoxacarb (250 mL ha-1), chlorantraniliprole (100 mL ha-1) and the chlorantraniliprole+lambda cyhalothrin (200 mL ha-1) group. Larvae from maize stems were collected 20 days after insecticide application and the whole larvae were homogenized. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), and the total amount of free SH groups were assessed. Comparison of the experimental groups showed that indoxacarb significantly affected the activities of GST, GPx and the total amount of free SH groups, while chlorantraniliprole significantly affected the activities of SOD, CAT, GST and the total amount of free SH groups, while chlorantraniliprole+lambda cyhalothrin significantly affected the activities of CAT, GST and the total amount of free SH groups. The results show that exposure to insecticides considerably affects the antioxidative defense components of the European corn borer larvae, especially chlorantraniliprole (T2).

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