New Pheromone Trap for Monitoring Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae) Populations

1984 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1612-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Franklin Howell
Keyword(s):  
Codling Moth ◽  
Pheromone Trap

THE IMPORTANCE OF PHEROMONE TRAP DENSITY AND TRAP MAINTENANCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDIZED MONITORING PROCEDURES FOR THE CODLING MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1980 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 655-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Riedl
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Trap Density ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Trap Catch ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Moth Scales ◽  
Trap Catches

AbstractPheromone trap density is one factor which influences the magnitude of catch and therefore, should be standardized in a monitoring program. Trap catch increased with the area served by a trap, but reached a plateau when the trap density fell below one trap per 7 ha. From these data a quadratic regression was developed which relates the relative increase in trap catch to trap area. This relationship can be used to compare monitoring data obtained with different trap densities.The number of moths previously caught in a sticky trap can affect its future performance. In the Pherocon® 2 trap catches began to decline after a cumulative total of 20 to 30 moths and in the Pherocon 1CP after 50 to 70 moths. The catch totals causing a drop in trapping efficiency were correlated with the size of the adhesive catch surface. The cause for the loss in trapping efficiency appeared to be physical deterioration of the adhesive due to moth scales, other insect parts, or dust rather than an olfactory repellent factor. Trapping efficiency was restored by thoroughly stirring the soiled adhesive. Standard maintenance procedures should be followed to keep the adhesive quality of the catch surface constant and thereby prevent a reduction in catches. Tests with two pheromone dispensers, the Codlemone® rubber septum and the Conrel® microfibres, indicated that both are effective for at least 6 weeks. Codlemone septa resulted in higher catches during the first week of field use. During subsequent weeks there was no difference in attractiveness between the two pheromone lures.

Relationship of Within-tree Placement of the Pheromone Trap to Codling Moth 1 Catches

1979 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Riedl ◽  
Stephen A. Hoying ◽  
William W. Barnett ◽  
James E. Detar
Keyword(s):  
Codling Moth ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Relationship Of

Efficacy of the insect growth regulators tebufenozide and fenoxycarb for lepidopteran pest control in apples, and their compatibility with biological control for integrated pest management

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Valentine ◽  
GM Gurr ◽  
WG Thwaite
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Insect Growth Regulator ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Insect Growth Regulators ◽  
Insect Growth ◽  
Azinphos Methyl

The insect growth regulators tebufenozide and fenoxycarb were compared with the industry standard organophosphate, azinphos-methyl, in a replicated field trial. In both the 1992-93 and 1993-94 seasons, the 2 insect growth regulators maintained damage levels to harvested and windfall apples below 1% for both codling moth (Cydia pornonella L.) and lightbrown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana Walker). This was despite considerable pest pressure as indicated by pheromone trap catches of both species. In the first season of the trial, E. postvittana was controlled more effectively (P<0.05) by tebufenozide than by fenoxycarb. In both seasons, populations of two-spotted mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, and European red mite, Panonychus ulmi Koch, were higher in plots under azinphos-methyl treatment than in either insect growth regulator treatment. Neither insect growth regulator appeared to suppress populations of the phytoseiids Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten and Typhlodromus occidentalis Nesbitt. Limb jarring in the second season showed statistically significant (P<0.05) differences in populations of other predators which may have contributed to the biological control of phytophagous mites in the insect growth regulator treatments. Numbers of spiders, Stethorus spp., and apple dimpling bug (Carnpylomma liebknechti Girault) nymphs were all lower in the azinphos-methyl treatment. Results are discussed in relation to reducing dependence on conventional pesticides by use of more target-specific compounds which may be more compatible with biological control.

THE EFFECTS OF PHOTOPERIOD AND EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURES ON THE SEASONAL PHENOLOGY OF THE CODLING MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Riedl ◽  
B. A. Croft
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Geographic Population ◽  
The North ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Seasonal Heat

AbstractThe photoperiodic reaction in North American codling moth populations displayed clinal-type variation similar to populations in Europe. A latitudinal shift of 10° to the north corresponded to an increase of 1.25 h in the critical photoperiod. Intrapopulation variance in diapause response appeared to be similar in populations of different origin. The critical photoperiod was not constant for a geographic population but varied between years probably due to the modifying effect of prediapause temperatures. In Michigan and other areas in the northeastern United States with similar climate the codling moth is essentially bivoltine with considerable yearly variability in second generation emergence. A graphic model is presented which gives an estimate of voltinism and the proportion of diapausing first-generation larvae based on the seasonal heat unit total at the time of diapause initiation. From an analysis of original data and historical phenological records an algorithm was developed which describes the relationship between effective temperatures and the variance of second generation emergence and which can predict population curves for climatically different years. Use of this predictive method in conjunction with monitoring information provided by a pheromone trap is discussed.

scholarly journals Codling moth (Cydia pomonella) mating disruption outcomes in apple orchards

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 259-263
Author(s):  
J.T.S. Walker ◽  
P.L. Lo ◽  
R.M. Horner ◽  
N.M. Park ◽  
J.G. Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Granulosis Virus ◽  
Market Requirements ◽  
Insecticide Sprays

New Zealand apple growers need to produce crops that satisfy conflicting export market requirements Some markets want pestfree fruit while others demand residuefree fruit Pheromone mating disruption combined with the judicious use of insecticides enables crops to meet both demands This study in 14 Hawkes Bay apple orchards showed that seasonal pheromone trap catch was reduced by 70 from 401 codling moths/trap in the season before mating disruption was introduced to 117 moths/trap over the subsequent five seasons In the same period insecticide use reduced from 59 applications/season in 2006 07 to 23 in 200708 and 37 since 200809 The incidence of larvae in fruit where mating disruption operated averaged 001 which was lower than in orchards using insecticides only Damage increased from 200809 with greater reliance on codling moth granulosis virus over residual insecticides Nevertheless mating disruption with 34 insecticide sprays controlled codling moth to the high standard needed

scholarly journals Development of multiple species mating disruption to control codling moth and leafrollers (Lepidoptera Tortricidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.L. Lo ◽  
J.T.S. Walker ◽  
R.M. Horner ◽  
D.I. Hedderley
Keyword(s):  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Lightbrown Apple Moth ◽  
Measures Of Effectiveness

Codling moth (Cydia pomonella) and leafrollers principally lightbrown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana) are key pests of apples Pheromone mating disruption has until now required separate dispensers to be deployed for each pest group With 6001000 dispensers per ha for each species application costs are a significant factor limiting the wider adoption of multispecies mating disruption in New Zealand apple orchards The aim was to integrate the two disruption systems into a single dispenser and evaluate its performance against that of separate dispensers in paired block comparisons on four apple orchards The three measures of effectiveness pheromone trap catch suppression of moth mating and fruit damage at harvest all showed no statistical differences between the two treatments The performance of the new combination pheromone dispenser was equivalent to that when the two dispensers were deployed separately

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