Control of Flies on Cattle by Frequent, Low-Volume Mist Spray Applications of Ciodrin

1965 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-817
Author(s):  
R. A. Hoffman ◽  
I. L. Berry ◽  
O. H. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Low Volume ◽  
Spray Applications

scholarly journals Improving spray distribution and coverage on avocado trees in low volume concentrate sprays

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
R.E. Gaskin ◽  
D.W.L. Manktelow ◽  
H. Pak
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pesticide Application ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Canopy Volume ◽  
Tree Canopies ◽  
Spray Distribution ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Spray Applications

Avocado trees in New Zealand orchards are planted on squares spaced 714 m apart with tree heights of up to 14 m Large trees present considerable difficulties with regards to pesticide application A series of studies was undertaken on 68 m high trees to optimise formulation prescriptions for airblast application of copper sprays Treatments included standard (up to 3000 litres/ha) and low volume (6001000 litres/ha) concentrate spray applications applied with the addition of varying rates of an organosilicone superspreader adjuvant Spray deposits were measured on foliage in the inner and outer sections of the lower mid and upper tree canopies Low volume concentrated sprays with the superspreader adjuvant added gave higher and more evenly distributed spray deposits on positions throughout the canopy than standard sprays Three times concentrate sprays were more effective than five times concentrate sprays because of the large canopy volume of the trees The adjuvant maximised coverage and evenness of spray deposits

scholarly journals Low-volume Sprays to Treat Fresh-sliced Apples with Anti-browning Solution

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M.A. Toivonen ◽  
Pascal Delaquis
Keyword(s):  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Antimicrobial Compound ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Spray Volume ◽  
Spray Treatment ◽  
Spray Applications

Use of sprays to sanitize and treat apple (Malus ×domestica) slices helps to reduce the potential for cross-contamination that can occur when treatments are done in dip tanks. This research examined several factors that may affect the efficacy of spray treatments: 1) spray volume; 2) efficacy of spray application of anti-browning solution (ABS) compared with dipping; 3) effect of slice density during spraying; and 4) effect of the addition of an antimicrobial compound, vanillin, on microbiologically associated browning. Low-volume sprays (36-50 mL·kg-1 slices) of ABS gave maximal control of browning and this was equivalent to the control afforded by a 2-minute dip in the ABS. Spray application resulted in significant reduction in incidence and severity of microbiologically associated “secondary browning” as compared with dip application. However, if more than one layer of slices were present on the support mesh during the spray treatment, then secondary browning increased. This was attributed to potential cross-contamination between layers of apples in the spray treatment. Addition of vanillin into the ABS resulted in a 50% reduction of the incidence of “secondary browning.” Low-volume spray applications of ABS can be managed such that the microbiologically associated “secondary browning” is much lower than possible with dip application.

475: Clinically Insignificant Prostate Cancer - Can we Reliable Predict Low Volume and Low Grade Prostate Cancer Preoperatively?

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
Michael Alschibaja ◽  
Joerg Massmann ◽  
Armin Funk ◽  
Heiner Van Randenborgh ◽  
Rudolf Hartung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Insignificant Prostate Cancer
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