The European Corn Borer Situation in the United States at the Close of 1932

1933 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-102
Author(s):  
D. J. Caffrey ◽  
L. H. Worthley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corn Borer

DEVELOPMENTAL ADAPTATION OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (OSTRINIA NUBILALIS HÜBNER) IN ALBERTA

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis A. Lee ◽  
John R. Spence
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Borers ◽  
Developmental Thresholds ◽  
Temperature Thresholds ◽  
Higher Temperature

AbstractTemperature effects on development were studied for two Alberta populations of Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), from the South Saskatchewan River valley and the surrounding plains. Lower developmental thresholds for all life stages of both Alberta populations were determined by linear regression. Thresholds for the egg stage were significantly less for plains borers (9.5°C) than for valley borers (10.8°C), and about 2°C lower than for corn borers from the United States. Thresholds in Alberta populations for the 4th (15.3°C) and 5th (14.0°C, plains) instars, and for post-diapause pupation (12.8°C), were much higher than in populations from the United States. Higher temperature thresholds delay development in Alberta populations, thus reducing midsummer pupation. Valley populations developed significantly faster than plains populations during egg development, during the prepupal period of the 5th instar, and during post-diapause pupation. These results explain why valley populations have a partial second generation in some years.

DOSE–MORTALITY RESPONSE OF EUROPEAN CORN BORER (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) THIRD-INSTAR LARVAE TO SELECTED INSECTICIDES

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 1137-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Hutchison
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Mortality Response ◽  
Ca 50 ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Economic Pest ◽  
Insecticide Control

The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner, continues to be a consistent economic pest of field and sweet corn (Zea mays L.) in the upper midwestem United States. In Minnesota alone, O. nubilalis control costs and losses to sweet corn (ca. 50 630 ha) exceed $5,000,000 annually (Noetzel et al. 1985). Despite recent efforts to implement alternatives (Lewis and Bing 1991; Prokrym et al. 1992; Bartels and Hutchison 1993; Bolin et al. 1993), insecticide control continues to play a central role in O. nubilalis management programs.

Some Factors Influencing the Occurrence and Size of the Midsummer Flight of the European Corn Borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), in Southwestern Ontario

1959 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 798-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Mutchmor
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Seasonal History

In southwestern Ontario the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.), produces two flights annually. The first flight, beginning in June, consists of moths from larvae that have overwintered. The midsummer, or second, flight begins late in July or early in August, and its moths are the progeny of the first flight. Until about 20 years ago the borer produced only one annual flight and was thought to be univoltine. The change in the seasonal history of the borer in Ontario was described by Wressell (1953) and Miller (1956). The literature describing similar changes in parts of the United States has been reviewed by Lees (1955) and Everett et al. (1958). Wressell (1953) summarized light trap collection data of moth flights in the Chatham, Ontario, area for the years 1932 to 1951. The summary includes the percentage of the moths that were from the midsummer flight, and it is evident that the size of this flight varies greatly from year to year. Aside from its intrinsic interest, it would be of some economic value to know what governs the size of the midsummer flight. This is a report of studies undertaken to examine the case, and to relate the findings to the larger problem of why the borer now produces a second flight where formerly it produced only one.

THE BIOLOGY OF MELANICHNEUMON RUBICUNDUS (CRESS.) (HYMENOPTERA, ICHNEUMONIDAE)

1948 ◽  
Vol 80 (1-12) ◽  
pp. 118-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Wishart
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Breeding Stock ◽  
Pyrausta Nubilalis

In a previous paper the writer slated that only two native parasites, Labrorychus prismaticus (Nort.) and Aplomya caesar (Aldrich), regularly attack the European corn borer, Pyrausta nubilalis (Hubn.) in Canada. Melanichneumon rubicundus (Cress.) is occasionally reared from the corn borer in the Eastern United States and a few adults were received with some adults of the European parasite Phaeogenes nigridens Wesm. A breeding stock was established with a view to possible future liberations in areas in Canada where it has not been recorded. It was found however, that while M. rubicundus will attack the corn borer in the laboratory it does so with such a degree of reluctance that it must be assumed that the attack in the field occurs only in the absence of more desirable hosts. In the laboratory this parasite attacks Loxostege sticticalis (L.) very readily and the data presented herewith are from material reared on Loxostege.

AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION IN SELECTED CORN GERMPLASM CLASSIFIED FOR RESISTANCE TO EUROPEAN CORN BORER1 (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. McMillian ◽  
N. W. Widstrom ◽  
Dean Barry ◽  
E. B. Lillehoj
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Dent Corn ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Insect damage and associated alfatoxin formation are serious threats to corn, Zea mays L., production in some areas of the United States. Plant resistance has been suggested as a potential control. In this study, dent corn genotypes varying in resistance to second-generation European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), damage were evaluated at two locations for insect tunneling and alfatoxin formation in kernels of preharvest ears. To insure uniform exposure, plants were inoculated with Aspergillus flavus (Link) spores applied to the ear node and silk and were infested with ECB eggs applied to either the ear node or ear tip. Corn germplasm classified as resistant to second-generation ECB damage sustained significantly less ear damage than susceptible genotypes. Corn resistant to ECB also sustained less alfatoxin formation (29 and 295 ng g−1) than susceptible germplasm (592 and 1129 ng g−1). Ear tip infestation resulted in more aflatoxin formation (523 ng g−1) than ear node infestation (372 ng g−1). Overall, insect damaged was significantly higher at Tifton, GA, (5.3 cm tunneling/ear) than at Columbia, MO. (4.2 cm tunneling/ear).

scholarly journals Fees or refuges: which is better for the sustainable management of insect resistance to transgenic Bt corn?

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne Vacher ◽  
Denis Bourguet ◽  
Marion Desquilbet ◽  
Stéphane Lemarié ◽  
Stéfan Ambec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
The Us ◽  
Evolution Of Resistance ◽  
And Control

The evolution of resistance in insect pests will imperil the efficiency of transgenic insect-resistant crops. The currently advised strategy to delay resistance evolution is to plant non-toxic crops (refuges) in close proximity to plants engineered to express the toxic protein of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ). We seek answers to the question of how to induce growers to plant non-toxic crops. A first strategy, applied in the United States, is to require Bt growers to plant non- Bt refuges and control their compliance with requirements. We suggest that an alternative strategy is to make Bt seed more expensive by instituting a user fee, and we compare both strategies by integrating economic processes into a spatially explicit, population genetics model. Our results indicate that although both strategies may allow the sustainable management of the common pool of Bt -susceptibility alleles in pest populations, for the European corn borer ( Ostrinia nubilalis ) one of the most serious pests in the US corn belt, the fee strategy is less efficient than refuge requirements.

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