DEVELOPMENTAL ADAPTATION OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (OSTRINIA NUBILALIS HÜBNER) IN ALBERTA

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis A. Lee ◽  
John R. Spence
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Borers ◽  
Developmental Thresholds ◽  
Temperature Thresholds ◽  
Higher Temperature

AbstractTemperature effects on development were studied for two Alberta populations of Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), from the South Saskatchewan River valley and the surrounding plains. Lower developmental thresholds for all life stages of both Alberta populations were determined by linear regression. Thresholds for the egg stage were significantly less for plains borers (9.5°C) than for valley borers (10.8°C), and about 2°C lower than for corn borers from the United States. Thresholds in Alberta populations for the 4th (15.3°C) and 5th (14.0°C, plains) instars, and for post-diapause pupation (12.8°C), were much higher than in populations from the United States. Higher temperature thresholds delay development in Alberta populations, thus reducing midsummer pupation. Valley populations developed significantly faster than plains populations during egg development, during the prepupal period of the 5th instar, and during post-diapause pupation. These results explain why valley populations have a partial second generation in some years.

DOSE–MORTALITY RESPONSE OF EUROPEAN CORN BORER (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) THIRD-INSTAR LARVAE TO SELECTED INSECTICIDES

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 1137-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Hutchison
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Mortality Response ◽  
Ca 50 ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Economic Pest ◽  
Insecticide Control

The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner, continues to be a consistent economic pest of field and sweet corn (Zea mays L.) in the upper midwestem United States. In Minnesota alone, O. nubilalis control costs and losses to sweet corn (ca. 50 630 ha) exceed $5,000,000 annually (Noetzel et al. 1985). Despite recent efforts to implement alternatives (Lewis and Bing 1991; Prokrym et al. 1992; Bartels and Hutchison 1993; Bolin et al. 1993), insecticide control continues to play a central role in O. nubilalis management programs.

GENETICS OF DIAPAUSE INDUCTION AND TERMINATION IN THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), IN SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (12) ◽  
pp. 1351-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. R. McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Diapause Induction ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Corn Borers ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Diapause Incidence

AbstractGrowth rate, diapause incidence, and diapause intensity were different in two strains of corn borers found in southwestern Ontario. Crosses between these two strains demonstrated that growth rate was female sex linked while diapause incidence was male sex linked. The effect of these two characteristics on hybridization is discussed.

USE OF STANDARD TEMPERATURE THRESHOLDS AND PHENOLOGICAL PREDICTION FOR THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (OSTRINIA NUBILALIS HÜBNER) IN ALBERTA

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 1247-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas H. Kelker ◽  
Dennis A. Lee ◽  
John R. Spence
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Temperature Thresholds ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
The Standard Model

AbstractA degree-day model was developed for Alberta populations of Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner. Starting with overwintered fifth-instar larvae, the model calculates the temporal distribution of first- and second-instar larvae which are the stages most vulnerable to chemical suppression. Predictions from three alternative models were compared against field data from southern Alberta. Use of a standard 10°C growth threshold to calculate physiological time scales allowed predictions as accurate as those obtained using either a pooled threshold (11.4°C) calculated specifically from Alberta populations, or a model using two thresholds (12.3°C for fifth-instar larvae to adult and 10.2°C for eggs to second-instar larvae) that incorporated significant differences in growth characteristics observed among life stages. We conclude that standard thresholds are sufficient for degree-day models for northern populations of O. nubilalis. The standard model (t0 = 10°C) predicts that moth emergence will peak at ca. 145 degree-days after median pupation, and that numbers of eggs, and first- and second-instar larvae should peak at 200, 310, and 450 degree-days, respectively. Model predictions can be used to time sampling effort in support of management decisions.

Some Factors Influencing the Occurrence and Size of the Midsummer Flight of the European Corn Borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), in Southwestern Ontario

1959 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 798-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Mutchmor
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
The United States ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Seasonal History

In southwestern Ontario the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.), produces two flights annually. The first flight, beginning in June, consists of moths from larvae that have overwintered. The midsummer, or second, flight begins late in July or early in August, and its moths are the progeny of the first flight. Until about 20 years ago the borer produced only one annual flight and was thought to be univoltine. The change in the seasonal history of the borer in Ontario was described by Wressell (1953) and Miller (1956). The literature describing similar changes in parts of the United States has been reviewed by Lees (1955) and Everett et al. (1958). Wressell (1953) summarized light trap collection data of moth flights in the Chatham, Ontario, area for the years 1932 to 1951. The summary includes the percentage of the moths that were from the midsummer flight, and it is evident that the size of this flight varies greatly from year to year. Aside from its intrinsic interest, it would be of some economic value to know what governs the size of the midsummer flight. This is a report of studies undertaken to examine the case, and to relate the findings to the larger problem of why the borer now produces a second flight where formerly it produced only one.

scholarly journals The presence of an arylphorin-type storage protein at different life stages of ostrinia nubilalis - Lepidoptera: Pyralidae

2004 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Ksenija Taski ◽  
Bojana Stanic ◽  
Gordana Grubor-Lajsic
Keyword(s):  
Adult Development ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Storage Protein ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Larval Hemolymph ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

Specific hemolymph proteins, termed storage proteins, are considered to play an important role in amino acid reserves in insects. Arylphorin-type storage proteins exist widely in insects and they appear as major proteins in the larval hemolymph. These proteins are rich in aryl groups and are thought to act as source of aromatic amino acids for protein synthesis during organ differentiation and adult development. In this study, we isolated an arylphorin-type storage protein from the larval hemolymph of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis H ? b n e r (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), and named it ostrinin. Using polyclonal antibodies against ostrinin, raised in a mouse and a rabbit, we analyzed the presence of this protein through different stages of the life cycle of O. nubilalis. Our results revealed that ostrinin was present in all life stages of the European corn borer (diapausing and nondiapausing larvae, pupae and adults), except in the eggs.

The impact of predation by red-winged blackbirds on European corn borer populations

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 1535-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry E. Bendell ◽  
Patrick J. Weatherhead ◽  
Robin K. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Agelaius Phoeniceus ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Borers ◽  
Late Fall ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
The Impact

Population estimates of the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were significantly positively correlated with distance from a blackbird roost near Beauharnois, Quebec. Gullet contents of male red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) indicated that corn borers were consumed, particularly in the late fall. This predation appears to be responsible for lowering corn borer populations in standing corn the following year. It was estimated that the benefit provided by red-winged blackbirds through predation on com borers compensated for approximately 20% of the damage the birds did to standing corn.

AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION IN SELECTED CORN GERMPLASM CLASSIFIED FOR RESISTANCE TO EUROPEAN CORN BORER1 (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. McMillian ◽  
N. W. Widstrom ◽  
Dean Barry ◽  
E. B. Lillehoj
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Potential Control ◽  
Dent Corn ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Insect damage and associated alfatoxin formation are serious threats to corn, Zea mays L., production in some areas of the United States. Plant resistance has been suggested as a potential control. In this study, dent corn genotypes varying in resistance to second-generation European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), damage were evaluated at two locations for insect tunneling and alfatoxin formation in kernels of preharvest ears. To insure uniform exposure, plants were inoculated with Aspergillus flavus (Link) spores applied to the ear node and silk and were infested with ECB eggs applied to either the ear node or ear tip. Corn germplasm classified as resistant to second-generation ECB damage sustained significantly less ear damage than susceptible genotypes. Corn resistant to ECB also sustained less alfatoxin formation (29 and 295 ng g−1) than susceptible germplasm (592 and 1129 ng g−1). Ear tip infestation resulted in more aflatoxin formation (523 ng g−1) than ear node infestation (372 ng g−1). Overall, insect damaged was significantly higher at Tifton, GA, (5.3 cm tunneling/ear) than at Columbia, MO. (4.2 cm tunneling/ear).

A PHENOLOGY MODEL AND FIELD EVALUATION OF BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (BALS.) VUILLEMIN (DEUTEROMYCOTINA: HYPHOMYCETES) MYCOSIS OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS (HBN.) (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziding Feng ◽  
Raymond I. Carruthers ◽  
Timothy S. Larkin ◽  
Donald W. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Borers ◽  
Phenology Model ◽  
Validation Experiments

AbstractA simulation model was developed to predict the timing of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.), larval mortality following exposure to Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuillemin conidia. Model response was compared with laboratory and field data collected specifically for model validation. In laboratory validation experiments, four conidial doses of a B. bassiana isolate collected from the People’s Republic of China were applied to European corn borer larvae which were then incubated at fluctuating temperatures. Simulation results compared favorably with fungal development and mycosis under laboratory conditions. Field validation experiments showed that applications of B. bassiana to European corn borer neonates in whorl-stage corn resulted in mortality levels over 60% when conidia and European corn borers were placed on the plants on the same day. When B. bassiana conidia were placed on plants prior to European corn borers, mortality decreased linearly with time. Model predictions of the timing of European corn borer mortality were found to be accurate when B. bassiana conidia were placed on corn plants at the same time or prior to European corn borers. When European corn borers were placed on plants prior to conidia, the model underestimated the time to European corn borer death. Lack of model fit in this situation is thought to be due to delayed host and pathogen interactions on the corn plant rather than poor prediction of the physiological development of the disease.

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