scholarly journals PSI-19 Effect of extended colostrum feeding on serum IgG in newborn calves.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (suppl_3) ◽  
pp. 182-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Pletts ◽  
J Pyo ◽  
S He ◽  
D Haines ◽  
L Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Igg ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Colostrum Feeding

scholarly journals Effect of extended colostrum feeding on plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 concentration in newborn calves

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 4619-4627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Inabu ◽  
J. Pyo ◽  
S. Pletts ◽  
L.L. Guan ◽  
M.A. Steele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucagon ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Colostrum Feeding ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

scholarly journals PSVI-21 Evaluation of passive immunity transfer and performance of calves receiving different sources of immunoglobulins

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 431-432
Author(s):  
Cristiane Tomaluski ◽  
Marina Coelho ◽  
Sophia Dondé ◽  
Ariany Toledo ◽  
João Pedro Bernardes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Total Serum Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Colostrum Feeding ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Milk Feeding

Abstract The efficiency in the passive immunity transfer (PIT) is directly associated with the production cost and productivity of the animals. When fresh maternal colostrum (FC) is not available, frozen colostrum or colostrum replacer (CR) are alternatives to avoid failures in PIT (FPIT). Thirty-nine Holstein calves were used in a randomized block design with gender, weight and date of birth as blocking effect, and distributed in treatments: 1) feeding of 10% BW of CF; 2) feeding of 10% BW of FC; 3) 1.5 dose of a CR (SCCL®, Saskatoon, Canada). Animals received 6L/d of milk until 56d of life when they were subjected to gradual weaning until the end of the study (63d). Feed intake and health was monitored daily, and weight and blood samples were weekly taken. The Brix value at 24h of life was higher in animals receiving maternal colostrum when compared to CR (FC: 9.52a; Frozen: 10.68a; CR: 8.23b; P < 0.01). The immunoglobulins intake was higher (P < 0.01) for calves fed with maternal colostrum (FC or Frozen), which may explain the differences observed in the apparent efficiency of absorption (P = 0.02). The colostrum protocols affected the serum IgG concentration assessed at 24h (FC: 26.65b; Frozen: 35.69a; CR: 16.93c; P < 0.01); however, no treatment resulted in FPIT, with values of serum IgG above 10g/L. Starter intake increased during the milk-feeding period (P < 0.01), with no effects of colostrum feeding. ADG was influenced by treatments (P = 0.01), with higher gains for calves fed FC, resulting in higher final BW (P = 0.04). During the milk-feeding period, plasma glucose and total serum protein were higher for FC than for CR calves, with no differences for calves fed frozen colostrum. Feeding FC resulted in heavier animals at weaning; however, the frozen colostrum and CR used in this study are adequate alternatives, with no FTIP observed.

Predicting colostrum and calf blood components based on refractometry

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Do T. Hue ◽  
John L. Williams ◽  
Kiro Petrovski ◽  
Cynthia D. K. Bottema
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Abstract Provision of good quality colostrum is essential for the passive immunity and nutrition of newborn calves. In order to better predict the quality of colostrum and the transfer of passive immunity, the relationships between colostrum components and between calf serum components were examined in this study. Samples of bulk tank milk, colostrum pooled from several cows 0–4 d postpartum, and colostrum collected from individual cows twice daily for 3 d post-partum were compared. With the exception of fat percentage, there were strong correlations between the levels of the components in the pooled colostrum and in the individual cow colostrum collected 0–1 d postpartum. The correlations between total solids as measured by Brix refractometry and total protein, immunoglobulin G (IgG), lactose % and protein % in colostrum within 1 d postpartum and pooled colostrum were 0.92, 0.90, −0.88 and 0.98, respectively. These high correlations enabled these colostrum components to be accurately predicted from Brix % and therefore, the volume of colostrum required to feed neonate calves can be optimised based on Brix refractometry to avoid failure of passive immunity transfer. To assess whether the components obtained from colostrum were correlated in calf blood, newborn calves were separated from their dams before suckling and blood sampled before feeding (day 0), and on days 1 and 7, after receiving colostrum or milk twice a day. The correlations between glucose, total protein, IgG, and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels in the calf blood were lower than the correlations observed between the colostrum components. The highest correlation was between serum protein measured by refractometer and serum IgG within one week postpartum. GGT activity was not a good indicator of serum IgG levels. However, serum protein refractometer measurements predicted serum IgG level with high accuracy, providing an on-farm test to determine that calves have received sufficient passive immunity and colostrum components.

scholarly journals Effect of colostrum feeding method and presence of dam on the sleep, rest and sucking behaviour of newborn calves

2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hänninen ◽  
Helena Hepola ◽  
Satu Raussi ◽  
Hannu Saloniemi
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Method ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Colostrum Feeding

scholarly journals Xylitol, polyol molasses and glucose in the diet of newborn calves: II. Content of antimicrobial factors in blood and saliva, bacteria in faeces and health status

1984 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-323
Author(s):  
Hannu Korhonen ◽  
Eija Alasaari ◽  
Matti Antila
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Level ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Sugar Alcohols ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Colostrum Feeding

The concentrations of various antimicrobial factors in the saliva and plasma of newborn calves with special reference to possible effects of a diet supplemented with different sugar alcohols were studied. Eighteen calves were assigned alternately at birth to three groups, each comprising six animals. All calves were fed a pooled colostrum diet for the first four days, thereafter whole milk plus milk replacer. Concentrates and hay were given ad libitum. The diets of the different groups were supplemented with the following test substrates: xylitol, polyol molasses or glucose(control). The daily doses of each substrate were progressively increased from 0.5 to 1.0 g/kg of live weight for the last four weeks. Plasma and saliva samples were taken from all calves before colostrum feeding (day 0) and on days 1, 2, 4, 7, 21 and 35 after birth. The following factors were determined quantitatively: lactoferrin (LF), lactoperoxidase (LP), lysozyme (LZM) and immunoglobulins IgG1, lgG2, IgM and IgA (only in plasma). Further determinations included weekly counts of total aerobic bacteria, aerobic haemolytic bacteria, coliforms, lactobacilli and clostridia in faeces. Salivary LF increased from the average 0 day level of 3.6—17.0 /µg/ml in the different groups to a maximum of 38.7—55.6 µg/ml within one week, and declining thereafter slowly in all groups. LF was not found in the saliva of all calves at birth but was consistently present later on. No LF was detected in plasma. Salivary LP increased from the average 0 day level of 56.3—86.6 /µg/ml in the different groups to a maximum of 228—296 /µg/ml within three weeks and declined markedly by day 35. LP was found in all saliva samples, but the plasma concentrations were very low and not always detectable. Salivary LZM was high at birth compared to the plasma level (average 0.8—2.1 /µg/ml vs. 0.3—0.5µg/ml in the different groups).

scholarly journals Management Practices Affecting Calves Welfare on Farms in Slovenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1147-1152
Author(s):  
Jožica Ježek ◽  
Petra Grabnar ◽  
Barbara Beci ◽  
Martina Klinkon ◽  
Marija Nemec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Colostrum Feeding ◽  
Feeding Protocol ◽  
Calf Rearing

Calf rearing practices in Slovenian herds were investigated with questionnaire-based survey. The data was obtained from 293 farms in Slovenia about their management, especially milk and colostrum feeding protocol, manner of weaning, housing, hygiene on the farm and biosecurity measures. Majority of respondents think the colostrum supply is very important. In 77% of farms, calves receive the first colostrum meal within 2 hours after birth. Quality of colostrum is not considered in 59% of farms. The temperature of colostrum and milk check 73% of farmers, however majority do it manually without using thermometer. Farmers weans calves gradually, mostly considering the age at weaning (45%). Calves are weaned at mean age of 14.18 weeks. In 57.3% of farms, newborn calves are housed in individual pens. Thirty four percent of farmers are cleaning pens for newborn calves after each calf. Half of farmers observe their calves more than 15 minutes daily. Different biosecurity measures are used in 98% of farms. Many farmers are well aware that calf rearing management bear on later milk and meat production and some would need more persuasion to follow the appropriate management practices.

beta-Carotene, Retinol and alpha-Tocopherol Status in Calves Fed the First Colostrum at 0–2, 6-7, 12-13 or 24-25 Hours after Birth

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isa Zanker ◽  
Harald Hammon ◽  
Jürg Blum
Keyword(s):  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Colostrum Feeding ◽  
Plasma Retinol

Effects on beta-carotene, retinol and alpha-tocopherol status of feeding 1st colostrum at 0–2, 6–7, 12–13 and 24–25 h after birth were studied in calves. beta-carotene, retinol and alpha-tocopherol concentrations decreased in colostrum during the first 2.5 d of laxtation. Plasma beta-carotene, retinol and alpha-tocopherol concentrations in newborn calves were very low. Plasma beta-carotene concentrations increased up to d 3 after the 1st meal and during the 1st month were higher in calves fed 1st colostrum at < 6–7 h than at > 12–13 h after birth. Plasma retinol concentrations increased up to d 5 after the 1st meal and were higher during the 1st month in calves fed 1st colostrum at < 12–13 h than at > 24–25 h after birth, whereas hepatic concentrations increased up to d 5 independent of time of 1st colostrum feeding. Plasma alpha-tocopherol concentrations increased after the 1st meal except in calves fed 1st colostrum at 24–25 h after birth and were higher during the 1st month in calves fed the 1st colostrum at 6–7 h than at 24–25 h after birth. In conclusion, delaying 1st colostrum intake by more than 12–13 h after birth impaired the plasma beta-carotene, retinol and alpha-tocopherol status during the 1st month of life, but did not negatively influence hepatic retinol concentrations.

scholarly journals The effect of colostral immunoglobulin supplement on the passive immunity, growth and health of neonatal calves

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-428
Author(s):  
Juha Nousiainen ◽  
Hannu Korhonen ◽  
Eeva-Liisa Syväoja ◽  
Sami Savolainen ◽  
Hannu Saloniemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Neonatal Calves ◽  
Colostrum Feeding

Neonatal dairy calves were randomly allotted to three colostrum feeding regimens with increasing intakes of immunoglobulins (Ig) on the first day of life. The control group was fed one litre of pooled colostrum (Ig intake 19.5 g). In two experimental groups, the pooled colostrum was supplemented with 0.5 or 1.5 litres of commercial Ig-concentrate, giving a total Ig intake of 52.7 and 119.0 g, respectively. Serum IgG, IgM and IgA levels increased linearly (p < 0.001) on day 2 post partum with the increasing Ig intake. The calculated mean Ig-absorption rate was 61% and decreased linearly for IgM (p = 0.051) and IgG (p = 0.078) with increasing Ig intake. At the highest Ig intake, serum IgG remained above 10 g/l during 30 days post partum. In the experimental groups, serum IgM and IgA decreased sharply during the first week of life and were relatively constant thereafter. In the control group, however, there was an increase in serum IgM after one week post partum, perhaps due to the in situ production of Ig. With the increasing Ig intake there was a small and non-significant tendency for better live weight gain (p = 0.286) and a lower incidence of diarrhoea (p = 0.421) during the first four weeks of life. It is concluded that the Ig-product tested is well absorbed during 24 hours post partum and it can be used either as a supplement to maternal colostrum when its quality is poor, or as a substitute when colostrum is not available.

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