scholarly journals Flaxseed meal and oat hulls supplementation: impact on dietary fiber digestibility, and flows of fatty acids and bile acids in growing pigs1

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saymore P Ndou ◽  
Elijah Kiarie ◽  
Nancy Ames ◽  
C Martin Nyachoti
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Oat Hulls ◽  
Fiber Digestibility ◽  
Flaxseed Meal

scholarly journals Secondary Bile Acids and Short Chain Fatty Acids in the Colon: A Focus on Colonic Microbiome, Cell Proliferation, Inflammation, and Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huawei Zeng ◽  
Shahid Umar ◽  
Bret Rust ◽  
Darina Lazarova ◽  
Michael Bordonaro
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Colonic Inflammation ◽  
Secondary Bile Acids ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Secondary bile acids (BAs) and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), two major types of bacterial metabolites in the colon, cause opposing effects on colonic inflammation at chronically high physiological levels. Primary BAs play critical roles in cholesterol metabolism, lipid digestion, and host–microbe interaction. Although BAs are reabsorbed via enterohepatic circulation, primary BAs serve as substrates for bacterial biotransformation to secondary BAs in the colon. High-fat diets increase secondary BAs, such as deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA), which are risk factors for colonic inflammation and cancer. In contrast, increased dietary fiber intake is associated with anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. These effects may be due to the increased production of the SCFAs acetate, propionate, and butyrate during dietary fiber fermentation in the colon. Elucidation of the molecular events by which secondary BAs and SCFAs regulate colonic cell proliferation and inflammation will lead to a better understanding of the anticancer potential of dietary fiber in the context of high-fat diet-related colon cancer. This article reviews the current knowledge concerning the effects of secondary BAs and SCFAs on the proliferation of colon epithelial cells, inflammation, cancer, and the associated microbiome.

scholarly journals The Combined Effects of Magnesium Oxide and Inulin on Intestinal Microbiota and Cecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Kanako Omori ◽  
Hiroki Miyakawa ◽  
Aya Watanabe ◽  
Yuki Nakayama ◽  
Yijin Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Acetic Acid Concentration ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Constipation is a common condition that occurs in many people worldwide. While magnesium oxide (MgO) is often used as the first-line drug for chronic constipation in Japan, dietary fiber intake is also recommended. Dietary fiber is fermented by microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs are involved in regulating systemic physiological functions and circadian rhythm. We examined the effect of combining MgO and the water-soluble dietary fiber, inulin, on cecal SCFA concentration and microbiota in mice. We also examined the MgO administration timing effect on cecal SCFAs. The cecal SCFA concentrations were measured by gas chromatography, and the microbiota was determined using next-generation sequencing. Inulin intake decreased cecal pH and increased cecal SCFA concentrations while combining MgO increased the cecal pH lowered by inulin and decreased the cecal SCFA concentrations elevated by inulin. When inulin and MgO were combined, significant changes in the microbiota composition were observed compared with inulin alone. The MgO effect on the cecal acetic acid concentration was less when administered at ZT12 than at ZT0. In conclusion, this study suggests that MgO affects cecal SCFA and microbiota during inulin feeding, and the effect on acetic acid concentration is time-dependent.

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