scholarly journals Antimicrobial drugs in the treatment and prevention of pertussis

1979 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. LAMBERT
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

scholarly journals ANTIBIOTICS IN DENTISTRY (Overview)

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Taras Bondar
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
State Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Scientific Discussion ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Patients At Risk

The article summarizes the arguments and counter-arguments within the scientific discussion on the use of antibiotics in dentistry. The main purpose of the study is to analyze various clinical situations that require the use of antimicrobial drugs. The research method was based on the study of scientific articles published in the period from 2005 to 2019 and indexed in Ukraine and international databases, as well as a comparison of different recommendations for the appointment of antibiotics in dentistry, published in developed countries. Systematization of literature sources and approaches to solving the problem of prevention and treatment of purulent-inflammatory infections in dentistry has shown that antibiotics used in different countries around the world, converge on the rational and reasonable use of antimicrobial drugs. The vast majority of researchers believe that antibiotics should be used only in recommended situations for patients at risk of developing purulent-inflammatory infections after dental procedures. However, the question of the rational use of both prevention and empirical treatment of infections with antibiotics in dentistry remains unresolved. This is primarily due to the constant change in biological properties, including resistance to antibiotics of pathogens of purulent-inflammatory infections of the oral cavity. Only a few studies are devoted to this topic, and there are no modern data in the available literature. In Ukraine, there are no officially approved recommendations for the use of antibiotics in dentistry. There is also no state-level epidemiological surveillance for resistance to infectious agents, including the oral cavity. In addition, the question of the effectiveness of the use of antibiotics in dentistry has not been studied. Additional research is needed to study the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in health care facilities, including in outpatient settings and the use of antibiotics by dentists, which, according to some international guidelines, seem widespread and not limited to situations that described in the guidelines of associations of dentists in developed countries. Therefore, dentists should be careful in the use of antibiotics, both for the treatment and prevention of infections, and prescribe antibiotics only if recommended by guidelines based on the results of evidence-based medicine, as well as effectively and safely.

scholarly journals Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients of oncological hospital: cultivation of anaerobic intestinal flora and treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
M. G. Shvydkaya ◽  
D. T. Dzhandarova ◽  
S. D. Mitrokhin
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
First Line ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Pure Bacterial Culture ◽  
Methods Of Treatment

In recent years, the number of infectious diseases caused by Clostridium difficile in the world has grown with a significant increase in relapses and mortality in patients, particularly among the cancer patients in hospitals. There is also observed an increase in the resistance of Clostridium difficile to the first-line drugs, namely metronidazole and vancomycin, which makes the search for new methods of treatment and prevention of this infection even more urgent. In this review, we analyze the recent data on the methods of cultivation and isolation of the pure bacterial culture of Clostridium difficile and other anaerobic enteropathogens over the course of enterocolitis treatment with antimicrobial drugs in pediatric patients with oncopathology. Novel approaches to the therapy of this infection are discussed. 

scholarly journals Prospects for the creation of antimicrobial preparations based on copper and copper oxides nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6-2) ◽  
pp. 37-50
Author(s):  
A. V. Nevezhina ◽  
T. V. Fadeeva
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
The Creation ◽  
State Of Research

The spread of strains of microorganisms that are multidrug resistant to modern antimicrobial drugs is still an urgent problem in the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases and public health in general.Currently, the possibility of using metal nanopreparations in various fields of medicine is being actively studied. Nanoparticles of metals and metal oxides are promising antimicrobial agents and are attracting growing interest due to their effectiveness. Nanoscale copper metal particles have shown high antimicrobial activity againstvarious types of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungi. Taking into account the potential of copper nanoparticles in antimicrobial therapy, we present an overview of the current state of research related to their antimicrobial properties, consideration of the mechanisms of action, key factors affecting antimicrobial activity, including the polymer matrix. The issues of toxicity and resistance to copper are considered. The advantage of copper nanoparticles over other metal nanoparticles is shown.The studies summarized in this review have shown the promise of copper nanoparticles in the creation of new antimicrobial drugs that can be used in the future to control, prevent, and treat various diseases.

scholarly journals MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF H. PYLORI ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Tchumak ◽  
H. A. Loban ◽  
M. O. Faustova ◽  
M. M. Ananieva ◽  
V. F. Voynash
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Antibacterial Therapy ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Medical Terminology ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
H Pylori

Infection caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common human infections. The discovery of H. pylori contributed to a revolution in the ideas of aetiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of some diseases, i.e. gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastritis, duodenitis. Ulcerative disease in almost 100% of cases is associated with H. pylori. Such factors as distress, psychological and genetic factors are also associated with the development of the disease. Н. pylori are detected in 80-100% of patients with chronic gastritis, and in 90 – 100% of patients with duodenal ulcer. Traditionally, Н. pylori-associated diseases are treated by gastroenterologists and general practitioners, although they are infectious diseases in their essence. In our country, the quite typical is the type of the infection with its onset in childhood and very high prevalence rate in adults. Another characteristic of "national" Н. pylori is a pronounced carcinogenic potential that is accompanied by gastric malignancies. For preventing and managing a number of H. pylori-associated diseases, eradication therapy (ET) is used. Literally, eradication means the complete destruction of something. In medical terminology, this word is applied to integrated therapeutic methods aimed at eliminating a pathogen, and antibacterials are the non-alternative components of the eradicating therapy. The presence of flagella, as well as a smooth cell wall and spiral shape, allows this microorganism to move in the mucus along the pH gradient. The cell wall of H. pylori is smooth; the electron-dense glycocalyx (capsule-like membrane) including carbohydrate-containing polymers needed for adhesion of the microorganism on the surface of epithelial cells is outside of the cell membrane. H. pylori produce highly active enzymes such as urease, oxidase and mucinase. Flagella provide the mobility, which is necessary for colonizing the mucous membrane. Biological and biochemical properties, pathogenicity factors can impede antibacterial therapy to some extent. The effectiveness of the number of modes of antibacterial therapy often recommended for H. Pylori-associated diseases is increasingly reducing due to the ever-increasing resistance of bacterium to many antimicrobial drugs such as : metronidazole, amoxicillin, tetracyclines, clarithromycin, furazolidone.

The use of antimicrobial drugs in agriculture

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1044-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Black
Keyword(s):  
Drug Toxicity ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Genetic Mutation ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Drug Residues ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Microbial Drug Resistance ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Residue Levels

Antibacterial drugs have been used widely in animal production for treatment and prevention of disease and for growth promotion. Concern has been expressed about possible harm to humans, through the use of drugs, in the following ways: (1) increased microbial drug resistance; (2) drug residues in food; (3) allergic reactions and sensitization to antimicrobials; and (4) drug toxicity. Research has shown that microbial resistance in people can develop from drugs used in animals. Farmers, butchers, etc., have been shown to have an increased incidence of drug-resistant organisms. Resistance to antibiotics can develop in two ways; genetic mutation and natural selection, and through R-factor plasmid transfer. Allergic reactions have been reported following the ingestion of penicillin-containing milk; however, residues in other foods have not caused allergic reactions. Sensitization of humans to antimicrobials through the consumption of drug residues in foods has never been documented. Evidence suggests that the residue levels in food are too low to cause sensitization. Drug toxicity, other than allergic reactions, appears not to result from residues of antimicrobial drugs in food. While it has been studied many times, monitoring programs have failed to find any evidence of a problem. This appears to reflect the low toxicity of these agents and the small amounts obtained in the food, however, it could also reflect failure of the monitoring systems.

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