The treatment and prevention of bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis using antimicrobial drugs

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Shoo
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Pneumonic Pasteurellosis ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Bovine Pneumonic Pasteurellosis

Role ofMannheimia haemolyticaleukotoxin in the pathogenesis of bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samithamby Jeyaseelan ◽  
Srinand Sreevatsan ◽  
Samuel K. Maheswaran
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Pneumonic Pasteurellosis ◽  
Bovine Pneumonic Pasteurellosis ◽  
Species Specific

AbstractBovine pneumonic pasteurellosis continues to be a major respiratory disease in feedlot cattle despite the recent advances in our understanding of the underlying complexities of causation. The etiological agent,Mannheimia haemolytica, possesses several virulence factors, including capsule, outer membrane proteins, adhesins, neuraminidase, endotoxin and exotoxic leukotoxin. Accumulating scientific evidence implicates leukotoxin as the primary factor contributing to clinical presentation and lung injury associated with this disease. Unlike other virulence factors, leukotoxin shows cell-type- and species-specific effects on bovine leukocytes. Recent investigations have delineated the mechanisms underlying the target-cell-specificity of leukotoxin and how this contributes to the pathogenesis of lung damage. This review summarizes current understanding of the secretion, regulation, mechanisms of action and evolutionary diversity of leukotoxin ofM. haemolytica. Understanding the precise molecular mechanisms of leukotoxin is critical for the development of more effective prophylactic and therapeutic strategies to control this complex disease.

scholarly journals ANTIBIOTICS IN DENTISTRY (Overview)

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Taras Bondar
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
State Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Scientific Discussion ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Patients At Risk

The article summarizes the arguments and counter-arguments within the scientific discussion on the use of antibiotics in dentistry. The main purpose of the study is to analyze various clinical situations that require the use of antimicrobial drugs. The research method was based on the study of scientific articles published in the period from 2005 to 2019 and indexed in Ukraine and international databases, as well as a comparison of different recommendations for the appointment of antibiotics in dentistry, published in developed countries. Systematization of literature sources and approaches to solving the problem of prevention and treatment of purulent-inflammatory infections in dentistry has shown that antibiotics used in different countries around the world, converge on the rational and reasonable use of antimicrobial drugs. The vast majority of researchers believe that antibiotics should be used only in recommended situations for patients at risk of developing purulent-inflammatory infections after dental procedures. However, the question of the rational use of both prevention and empirical treatment of infections with antibiotics in dentistry remains unresolved. This is primarily due to the constant change in biological properties, including resistance to antibiotics of pathogens of purulent-inflammatory infections of the oral cavity. Only a few studies are devoted to this topic, and there are no modern data in the available literature. In Ukraine, there are no officially approved recommendations for the use of antibiotics in dentistry. There is also no state-level epidemiological surveillance for resistance to infectious agents, including the oral cavity. In addition, the question of the effectiveness of the use of antibiotics in dentistry has not been studied. Additional research is needed to study the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in health care facilities, including in outpatient settings and the use of antibiotics by dentists, which, according to some international guidelines, seem widespread and not limited to situations that described in the guidelines of associations of dentists in developed countries. Therefore, dentists should be careful in the use of antibiotics, both for the treatment and prevention of infections, and prescribe antibiotics only if recommended by guidelines based on the results of evidence-based medicine, as well as effectively and safely.

Experimental bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis

1983 ◽  
Vol 113 (6) ◽  
pp. 144-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Gibbs ◽  
E. Allan ◽  
I. Selman ◽  
A. Wiseman
Keyword(s):  
Pneumonic Pasteurellosis ◽  
Bovine Pneumonic Pasteurellosis

scholarly journals Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients of oncological hospital: cultivation of anaerobic intestinal flora and treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
M. G. Shvydkaya ◽  
D. T. Dzhandarova ◽  
S. D. Mitrokhin
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
First Line ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Pure Bacterial Culture ◽  
Methods Of Treatment

In recent years, the number of infectious diseases caused by Clostridium difficile in the world has grown with a significant increase in relapses and mortality in patients, particularly among the cancer patients in hospitals. There is also observed an increase in the resistance of Clostridium difficile to the first-line drugs, namely metronidazole and vancomycin, which makes the search for new methods of treatment and prevention of this infection even more urgent. In this review, we analyze the recent data on the methods of cultivation and isolation of the pure bacterial culture of Clostridium difficile and other anaerobic enteropathogens over the course of enterocolitis treatment with antimicrobial drugs in pediatric patients with oncopathology. Novel approaches to the therapy of this infection are discussed. 

scholarly journals The Biphasic mRNA Expression Pattern of Bovine Interleukin-8 inPasteurella haemolytica Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Alveolar Macrophages Is Primarily due to Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 4087-4092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda L. Lafleur ◽  
Mitchell S. Abrahamsen ◽  
Samuel K. Maheswaran
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Pneumonic Pasteurellosis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Bovine Pneumonic Pasteurellosis ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ABSTRACT Pasteurella haemolytica serotype 1 is the bacterial agent responsible for the pathophysiological events associated with bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis. Our previous studies support a role for the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from P. haemolytica in the induction of proinflammatory cytokines. One of the pathological hallmarks of bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis is an influx of neutrophils into the alveolar spaces. This pronounced influx suggests the local production of a chemotactic factor(s) such as interleukin-8 (IL-8). In the context of the lung, the alveolar macrophage appears to be the major producer of IL-8, a proinflammatory cytokine with potent neutrophil chemotactic activity. By using Northern blot analysis, we have examined the kinetics of IL-8 mRNA expression in P. haemolytica LPS-stimulated bovine alveolar macrophages and found that 1 ng of LPS per ml induces maximal expression of IL-8 mRNA. The results also indicate a biphasic time course expression pattern in which IL-8 mRNA levels peak between 1 and 2 h in the first phase and between 16 and 24 h in the second phase (P < 0.01). In addition, monospecific polyclonal antibodies were used to demonstrate the role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the second phase of IL-8 mRNA expression. Our findings support a role for P. haemolytica LPS and TNF-α in the induction of IL-8 from bovine alveolar macrophages.

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