scholarly journals Ecological Immunology through the Lens of Exercise Immunology: New Perspective on the Links between Physical Activity and Immune Function and Disease Susceptibility in Wild Animals

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacintha G. B. van Dijk ◽  
Kevin D. Matson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Disease Susceptibility ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Ecological Immunology ◽  
Exercise Immunology ◽  
New Perspective

Physical Activity, Mood, and Immune Function in Metastatic Breast Cancer

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Aldridge-Gerry ◽  
Oxana G. Palesh ◽  
Firdaus S. Dhabhar ◽  
Jamie M. Zeitzer ◽  
Booil Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Metastatic Breast

scholarly journals Nutrition and Covid-19 epidemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tanja PAJK ŽONTAR ◽  
Rajko VIDRIH
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Dietary Nutrient ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Proper nutrition is an essential part of an individual’s defence against numerous diseases including coronavirus disease SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19). Nutritional status of individual is affected by several factors such as age, sex, health status, physical activity, life style and medications. Optimal nutrition and dietary nutrient intake impact the immune system, therefore the sustainable way to survive in current context is to strengthen the immune system. Inadequate intake of energy, protein, and specific micronutrients are associated with depressed immune function and increased susceptibility to infection. Predominantly vital for the encouraging of immune function are elements selenium, iron and zinc and vitamins A, D, C, E, B6, B9 (folate) and B12 as well as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thus, during this time it is important to take care of nutritional habits, following a healthy and balanced nutritional pattern containing a high amount of elements, antioxidants and vitamins. It is also recommended, that individuals should be mindful of physical activity, known to be associated with all-cause mortality. Regular physical activity also improves mental health and overall feelings of wellbeing. Thus, now in the time of epidemic, more than ever, wider access to healthy foods should be a top priority for governments around the world

Assessing the contribution of informal sport to leisure-time physical activity: a new perspective on social innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth J. Jones ◽  
Troy Carlton ◽  
Moonsup Hyun ◽  
Michael Kanters ◽  
Jason Bocarro
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
New Perspective

Cancer, Immune Function, and Physical Activity

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy J. Shephard ◽  
Pang N. Shek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Natural Killer Cells ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Lymphokine Activated Killer Cells ◽  
Killer Cells ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

Despite the problems of interpreting epidemiological studies and the difficulty in developing appropriate animal models, there is growing evidence that moderate habitual physical activity can protect against certain types of neoplasm, particularly tumors of the colon and the female reproductive tract. Exercise programs also appear to have a beneficial influence on clinical course, at least in the early stages of the disease. Recent demonstration of exercise-induced changes in the activity of macrophages, natural killer cells, lymphokine activated killer cells, neutrophils, and regulating cytokines suggest that immunomodulation may contribute to the protective value of exercise. Depression of immune function, such as in HIV infection and in old age, is associated with an enhanced susceptibility to tumors; but the sites of tumorigenesis in HIV infection are not those that gain protection from physical activity. Further research is thus needed before it can be asserted that favorable exercise-induced changes in immune function have a material influence on the risks posed by various types of cancer. Key words: cytokines, exercise, macrophages, natural killer cells, neoplasms, neutrophils, training

Physical Activity, Exercise, and the Immune System: Three Lines of Research That Have Driven the Field

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Woods ◽  
Brandt D. Pence
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Prolonged Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Exercise Immunology ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Exercise Induced

Exercise immunology is a relatively new discipline in the exercise sciences that seeks to understand how exercise affects the immune system and susceptibility to infectious and chronic diseases. This brief review will focus on three major observations that have driven the field to date including: (1) acute exercise-induced leukocytosis, (2) the observation that intense, prolonged exercise results in upper respiratory tract symptoms, and (3) the paradoxical effect of acute and chronic exercise on inflammation. This framework will be used to examine the mechanisms and implications behind these seminal observations. Data generally support the conclusion that moderate intensity exercise enhances immune function, whereas prolonged, intense exercise diminishes immune function.

scholarly journals Preventive Effect of Spontaneous Physical Activity on the Gut-Adipose Tissue in a Mouse Model That Mimics Crohn’s Disease Susceptibility

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florie Maillard ◽  
Emilie Vazeille ◽  
Pierre Sauvanet ◽  
Pascal Sirvent ◽  
Richard Bonnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Disease Susceptibility ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Preventive Effect ◽  
Spontaneous Physical Activity ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Crohn’s disease is characterized by abnormal ileal colonization by adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC) and expansion of mesenteric adipose tissue. This study assessed the preventive effect of spontaneous physical activity (PA) on the gut-adipose tissue in a mouse model that mimics Crohn’s disease susceptibility. Thirty-five CEABAC10 male mice performed spontaneous PA (wheel group; n = 24) or not (controls; n = 11) for 12 weeks. At week 12, mice were orally challenged with the AIEC LF82 strain for 6 days. Body composition, glycaemic control, intestinal permeability, gut microbiota composition, and fecal short-chain fatty acids were assessed in both groups. Animals were fed a high fat/high sugar diet throughout the study. After exposure to AIEC, mesenteric adipose tissue weight was lower in the wheel group. Tight junction proteins expression increased with spontaneous PA, whereas systemic lipopolysaccharides were negatively correlated with the covered distance. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus decreased in controls, whereas Oscillospira and Ruminococcus increased in the wheel group. Fecal propionate and butyrate were also higher in the wheel group. In conclusion, spontaneous physical activity promotes healthy gut microbiota composition changes and increases short-chain fatty acids in CEABAC10 mice fed a Western diet and exposed to AIEC to mimic Crohn’s disease.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and physical activity: What is the relation between exercise immunology and the current pandemic situation?

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Guilherme Gomes Azizi ◽  
Marco Orsini ◽  
Sérgio Duarte Dortas Júnior ◽  
Paulo César Vieira ◽  
Ricardo Steiner De Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Exercise Immunology ◽  
Exercise Induced

Exercise immunology is a strong and mysterious science in sports medicine, but studies were origin more than a 100 years ago, when Schulte had already described an exercise-induced leukocytosis as early as 1893 [1]. Since then, both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in humans have demonstrated the profound impact that exercise can have on the immune system. That is exactly why it is fundamentally important in this pandemic time to elucidate many questions and direct the athletes and non-athletes to the due care...

scholarly journals Reduced immune function predicts disease susceptibility in frogs infected with a deadly fungal pathogen

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. cow011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna E. Savage ◽  
Kimberly A. Terrell ◽  
Brian Gratwicke ◽  
Nichole M. Mattheus ◽  
Lauren Augustine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Function ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Disease Susceptibility
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