scholarly journals TRANSDUCTIONAL INSTABILITY OF Tn5-INDUCED MUTATIONS: GENERALIZED AND SPECIALIZED TRANSDUCTION OF Tn5 BY BACTERIOPHAGE P1

Genetics ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-263
Author(s):  
Claire M Berg ◽  
Carmen A Grullón ◽  
Aoquan Wang ◽  
William A Whalen ◽  
Douglas E Berg
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Determinant ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacteriophage P1 ◽  
Chromosomal Mutation ◽  
Generalized Transduction ◽  
Insertion Mutations

ABSTRACT Generalized transduction is commonly used to move transposon-induced mutations among bacterial strains by selecting for inheritance of a transposonencoded resistance determinant. Although complete cotransduction of the resistance determinant and the chromosomal mutation might be expected, it is often found that when Tn5(Kan) insertion mutations are transduced by bacteriophage P1 most of the nonmutant kanamycin-resistant transductants are due to specialized transduction of Tn5. Such P1::Tn5 specialized transducing phage are not found when a mutant Tn5 element lacking a functional transposase is employed.

scholarly journals RECIPIENT GENE DUPLICATION DURING GENERALIZED TRANSDUCTION

Genetics ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 809-822
Author(s):  
M Stodolsky
Keyword(s):  
Gene Duplication ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Chromosome Fragment ◽  
Bacteriophage P1 ◽  
Recombinant Formation ◽  
Generalized Transduction

ABSTRACT An Hfrl3 ΔProA-lac  deletion recipient, -ΔproA-lac-F-purE+-, has been utilized in a study of the origins of duplications formed during chromosome fragment integration. Among the Pro-Lac+ transductants, some have duplications spanning the F locus. These transductants are, or segregate, strains with F' episomes carrying genes of the duplication. Some of the duplications include purE+, a gene which is not coinherited with lac+ during bacteriophage P1- mediated transduction. Thus recipient genes have been duplicated during recombinant formation. Crossing-over models including replication steps provide a basis for explaining the duplication process.

Transduction of Escherichia coli in soil

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Germida ◽  
George G. Khachatourians
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Bacteriophage P1 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Generalized Transduction ◽  
Potential Use

Bacteriophage P1-mediated generalized transduction of Escherichia coli K-12 was assessed in nonsterile soil. Auxotrophic recipient cells (thr−leu−thi−rpsL) were incubated in a sandy and a silty clay loam soil, and the transducing phage lysates from prototrophic strains carrying transposon 10 (Tn10) in either purE or aroL regions were added. At intervals, the bacterial populations derived from the soils were plated on selective-differential media to enumerate prototrophic (thr+, leu+, or Tcr) transductants. Of 100 bacterial isolates obtained on the selective-differential media, 58 (14 thr+; 11, leu+; 33 Tcr) were confirmed E. coli transductants. The frequency of transduction in soil was ca. 10−6. These data demonstrate the potential use of bacteriophage P1 to genetically manipulate E. coli in situ.

scholarly journals Accessory Genes in thedarAOperon of Bacteriophage P1 Affect Antirestriction Function, Generalized Transduction, Head Morphogenesis, and Host Cell Lysis

Virology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 251 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Iida ◽  
Rosemarie Hiestand-Nauer ◽  
Heinrich Sandmeier ◽  
Hansjörg Lehnherr ◽  
Werner Arber
Keyword(s):  
Host Cell ◽  
Cell Lysis ◽  
Bacteriophage P1 ◽  
Accessory Genes ◽  
Generalized Transduction

scholarly journals Discovery, Purification, and Characterization of a Temperate Transducing Bacteriophage for Bordetella avium

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (21) ◽  
pp. 6130-6136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia B. Shelton ◽  
David R. Crosslin ◽  
Jennifer L. Casey ◽  
S. Ng ◽  
Louise M. Temple ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Contour Length ◽  
Allelic Replacement ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Bordetella Avium ◽  
Transduction Frequency ◽  
Generalized Transduction ◽  
Insertion Mutations

ABSTRACT We discovered and characterized a temperate transducing bacteriophage (Ba1) for the avian respiratory pathogen Bordetella avium. Ba1 was initially identified along with one other phage (Ba2) following screening of four strains of B. avium for lysogeny. Of the two phage, only Ba1 showed the ability to transduce via an allelic replacement mechanism and was studied further. With regard to host range, Ba1 grew on six of nine clinical isolates ofB. avium but failed to grow on any tested strains ofBordetella bronchiseptica, Bordetella hinzii,Bordetella pertussis, or Bordetella parapertussis. Ba1 was purified by CsCl gradient centrifugation and was found to have an icosahedral head that contained a linear genome of approximately 46.5 kb (contour length) of double-stranded DNA and a contractile, sheathed tail. Ba1 readily lysogenized our laboratory B. avium strain (197N), and the prophage state was stable for at least 25 generations in the absence of external infection. DNA hybridization studies indicated the prophage was integrated at a preferred site on both the host and phage replicons. Ba1 transduced five distinctly different insertion mutations, suggesting that transduction was generalized. Transduction frequencies ranged from approximately 2 × 10−7 to 1 × 10−8 transductants/PFU depending upon the marker being transduced. UV irradiation of transducing lysates markedly improved transduction frequency and reduced the number of transductants that were lysogenized during the transduction process. Ba1 may prove to be a useful genetic tool for studying B. avium virulence factors.

A P-Element Insertion Screen Identified Mutations in 455 Novel Essential Genes in Drosophila

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Wan Oh ◽  
Tracy Kingsley ◽  
Hyun-hee Shin ◽  
Zhiyu Zheng ◽  
Hua-Wei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Function ◽  
P Element ◽  
Drosophila Genome ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Element Insertion ◽  
Lethal Mutations ◽  
Chromosome Mutations ◽  
Eukaryotic Genomes ◽  
Insertion Mutations

Abstract With the completion of the nucleotide sequences of several complex eukaryotic genomes, tens of thousands of genes have been predicted. However, this information has to be correlated with the functions of those genes to enhance our understanding of biology and to improve human health care. The Drosophila transposon P-element-induced mutations are very useful for directly connecting gene products to their biological function. We designed an efficient transposon P-element-mediated gene disruption procedure and performed genetic screening for single P-element insertion mutations, enabling us to recover 2500 lethal mutations. Among these, 2355 are second chromosome mutations. Sequences flanking >2300 insertions that identify 850 different genes or ESTs (783 genes on the second chromosome and 67 genes on the third chromosome) have been determined. Among these, 455 correspond to genes for which no lethal mutation has yet been reported. The Drosophila genome is thought to contain ∼3600 vital genes; 1400 are localized on the second chromosome. Our mutation collection represents ∼56% of the second chromosome vital genes and ∼24% of the total vital Drosophila genes.

scholarly journals THE ADDITION OF LAC+ CHROMOSOME FRAGMENTS TO THE E. COLI PROA—PROB—LAC DELETION XIII CHROMOSOME

Genetics ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-510
Author(s):  
M Stodolsky ◽  
M Engel Rae ◽  
E Mullenbach
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Chromosome Fragment ◽  
Bacteriophage P1 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Chromosome Fragments ◽  
Bacterial Genes ◽  
Dna Ends ◽  
Generalized Transduction

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli with the proA–proB–lac deletion ×111 (Δ111) can be transduced with bacteriophage P1 propagated on a wild-type lac  + donor. Though the donor lac  + genes cannot be integrated by replacement of the recipient Δ111 marker, the transduction process has the characteristics generally associated with generalized transduction of bacterial genes. Transduction does not require P1 helper infection, is stimulated by UV irradiation of transducing particles, and does require homology between the donor lac  + chromosome and the recipient Δ111 chromosome. Among transductants produced through multiple P1 infection, a minority of P1 dl lysogens are present. But the majority of the transductants have unstable lac  + units, designated lac V, which are without detected P1 gene content. LacV is tightly linked to the Δ111 locus. Instability of lac  + is eliminated when a recombination deficiency is introduced through a substitution of recA1 for rec  +. The properties of the Δ111/lacV strains are attributable to a chromosome in which lac  + is situated between units of a genetic duplication beside the Δ111 locus. To explain the formation of partially diploid chromosomes we suggest that chromosome fragment integration is sometimes accomplished through a single aberrant recombination, a fusion of genetically heterologous DNA ends, and a single legitimate crossover.

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