scholarly journals Social Participation and Depression in Old Age: A Fixed-Effects Analysis in 10 European Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Croezen ◽  
Mauricio Avendano ◽  
Alex Burdorf ◽  
Frank J. van Lenthe
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
European Countries

scholarly journals Social Participation Attenuates Decline in Perceptual Speed in Old and Very Old Age.

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lövdén ◽  
Paolo Ghisletta ◽  
Ulman Lindenberger
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Perceptual Speed ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Very Old Age

scholarly journals Macro level analysis of factors contributing to value added: technological changes in European countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-428
Author(s):  
Larysa Antoniuk ◽  
Nataliia Cherkas
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Value Added ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Currency Depreciation ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Eastern European Countries

In conditions of globalization and rapidly growing production fragmentation, generation of value added becomes an ultimate goal and a measure of economic performance. The study provides an analysis of factors contributing to value added at macro level in different European countries. The analysis includes a panel framework covering 27 European countries over the period 2006–2015. In order to investigate the differences across regions, three subsamples are considered, namely, developed economies, PIIGS (Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece and Spain) and Central-Eastern European Countries (CEEC). Pooled OLS, fixed effects and random effects models are used. The results indicate that increase of value added corresponds to budget discipline, quality of human capital improvement, strong currency and transparent institutions. It could be expected that currency depreciation improves performance of the value added of exported final goods. However, the results show the opposite evidence: currency depreciation causes the value added decrease in all groups. Thus, for transitional countries, it is im¬portant not only to join global production chains, but also to acquire a significant share in generation of value added in these chains based on technological changes.

scholarly journals The impact of public research expenditure on agricultural productivity: evidence from developed European countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Alessandro Magrini
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
European Countries ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Expenditure

The objective of this paper is to assess the impact of public research expenditure on agricultural productivity in developed European countries. Our research provides original evidence, making possible a comparison with existing studies focused on United States of America (USA). We apply a fixed effects Gamma distributed-lag model to yearly data in 1970-2016 sourced from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). In our results, public research expenditure has a significant impact on agricultural productivity up to 35 years, with peak at 17 years and long-term elasticity equal to 0.172. Based on our model, the countries with the highest internal rate of return of agricultural research expenditure resulted Germany, Spain, France and Italy (24.5-25.2%), followed by Netherlands, United Kingdom, Denmark, Greece, Belgium and Luxembourg (20.5-21.8%). However, only Germany, Denmark and Greece increased agricultural research expenditure in recent years. The estimated internal rates of return are in line with the ones reported by existing studies on USA, and they suggest that developed European countries, just like USA, could benefit from research investments in Agriculture to a much greater extent than they currently do.

scholarly journals How can national governance affect education quality in Western Europe?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Gerged ◽  
Mohamed Elheddad
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
The Body ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Western European

Purpose As the international society faces unprecedented challenges associated with resource scarcity, governance scandals, increasing injustice and inequality, new opportunities for higher education institutions are emerging. This paper aims to investigate the association between national governance standards and education quality across nine western European countries, namely, the UK, Germany, France, Finland, Norway, Switzerland, Sweden, Denmark and Ireland. Design/methodology/approach Using panel data from 2002 to 2017, this paper uses fixed-effects and random-effects models to examine the relationship between national governance (proxied by voice and accountability (V&A) indicator) and education quality (proxied by human development index: education index). This analysis is supplemented with conducting instrumental variable (IV) estimations to address any concerns regarding the expected occurrence of endogeneity problems. Findings The findings are suggestive of a significant and positive relationship between national governance and education quality in Europe. This implies that national governance standards, such as V&A, are essential actors in the enhancement of the quality of educational institutions’ outcomes. Research limitations/implications Policymakers should implement stricter regulations and ensure that accountability indicators are motivated if they wish to increase the spending on education, which is associated with better qualities of educational institutions. A culture of continuous review of education policies needs to be upheld in the Western Europe region to be watchful of any emerging problems while maintaining a sustainable relationship between the rule of law and the education administration. Originality/value So far, a minimal number of studies focussed on examining the role of country-level governance in advancing education quality. This study, therefore, extends the body of prior literature by investigating the possible effect of national governance structures on education quality across a sample of Western European countries.

scholarly journals Diversification of old-age care services for older people: Trade-offs between coverage, diversification and targeting in European countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerdt Sundström ◽  
Katharina Herlofson ◽  
Svein Olav Daatland ◽  
Eigil Boll Hansen ◽  
Lennarth Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Trade Offs

scholarly journals Dynamics of Volunteering and Life Satisfaction in Midlife and Old Age: Findings from 12 European Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hansen ◽  
Marja Aartsen ◽  
Britt Slagsvold ◽  
Christian Deindl
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Old Age ◽  
European Countries
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