scholarly journals Multiple Introductions of Dengue 2 Virus Strains into Saudi Arabia from 1992 to 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 391-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherif A. El-Kafrawy ◽  
Sayed S. Sohrab ◽  
Said Abol Ela ◽  
Adly M.M. Abd-Alla ◽  
Rowa Alhabbab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
Virus Strains

scholarly journals The Phylogeography of MERS-CoV in Hospital Outbreak-Associated Cases Compared to Sporadic Cases in Saudi Arabia

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 540
Author(s):  
Xin Chen ◽  
Dillon Charles Adam ◽  
Abrar Ahmad Chughtai ◽  
Sacha Stelzer-Braid ◽  
Matthew Scotch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Outbreak ◽  
Phylogenetic Methods ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Evolutionary Speed ◽  
The Impact

This study compared the phylogeography of MERS-CoV between hospital outbreak-associated cases and sporadic cases in Saudi Arabia. We collected complete genome sequences from human samples in Saudi Arabia and data on the multiple risk factors of human MERS-CoV in Saudi Arabia reported from 2012 to 2018. By matching each sequence to human cases, we identified isolates as hospital outbreak-associated cases or sporadic cases. We used Bayesian phylogenetic methods including temporal, discrete trait analysis and phylogeography to uncover transmission routes of MERS-CoV isolates between hospital outbreaks and sporadic cases. Of the 120 sequences collected between 19 June 2012 and 23 January 2017, there were 64 isolates from hospital outbreak-associated cases and 56 from sporadic cases. Overall, MERS-CoV is fast evolving at 7.43 × 10−4 substitutions per site per year. Isolates from hospital outbreaks showed unusually fast evolutionary speed in a shorter time-frame than sporadic cases. Multiple introductions of different MERS-CoV strains occurred in three separate hospital outbreaks. MERS-CoV appears to be mutating in humans. The impact of mutations on viruses transmissibility in humans is unknown.

scholarly journals Multiple introductions of dengue virus strains contribute to dengue outbreaks in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, in 2015–2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Tedjo Sasmono ◽  
Lily Pertiwi Kalalo ◽  
Suryani Trismiasih ◽  
Dionisius Denis ◽  
Benediktus Yohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Dengue Outbreaks ◽  
Virus Strains

scholarly journals Multiple introductions of MERS-CoV in a 2014 hospital outbreak in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
S. Fagbo ◽  
L. Skakni ◽  
D.K. Chu ◽  
M. Garbati ◽  
M. Peiris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
Hospital Outbreak

Emergence of new virulent rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus strains in Saudi Arabia

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Ismail ◽  
Mahmoud H. A. Mohamed ◽  
Ibrahim M. El-Sabagh ◽  
Mohamed A. Al-Hammadi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Virus Strains

scholarly journals Phylogenetic relationships of Western Mediterranean West Nile virus strains (1996–2010) using full-length genome sequences: single or multiple introductions?

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 2512-2522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Sotelo ◽  
Jovita Fernández-Pinero ◽  
Francisco Llorente ◽  
Ana Vázquez ◽  
Ana Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Full Length Genome ◽  
Virus Strains

In recent years, West Nile virus (WNV) has re-emerged in the Western Mediterranean region. As a result, the number of complete WNV genome sequences available from this region has increased, allowing more detailed phylogenetic analyses, which may help to understand the evolutionary history of WNV circulating in the Western Mediterranean. To this aim, the present work describes six new complete WNV sequences from recent outbreaks and surveillance in Italy in 2008–2009 and in Spain in 2008 and 2010. Comparison with other sequences from different WNV clusters within lineage 1 (clade 1a) confirmed that all Western Mediterranean WNV isolates obtained since 1996 (except one from Tunisia, collected in 1997) cluster in a single monophyletic group (here called ‘WMed’ subtype). The analysis differentiated two subgroups within this subtype, which appear to have evolved from earlier WMed strains, suggesting a single introduction in the area, and further dissemination and evolution. Close similarities between WNV variants circulating in consecutive years, one in Spain, between 2007 and 2008, and another in Italy between 2008 and 2009, suggest that the virus possibly overwinters in Western Mediterranean sites. The NS3249-proline genotype, recently proposed as a virulence determinant for WNV, has arisen independently at least twice in the area. Overall, these results indicate that the frequent recurrence of outbreaks caused by phylogenetically homogeneous WNV in the Western Mediterranean since 1996 is consistent with a single introduction followed by viral persistence in endemic foci in the area, rather than resulting from independent introductions from exogenous endemic foci.

Confidence toward vaccination as reported by parents of children admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study

Vacunas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.M. AlGoraini ◽  
N.N. AlDujayn ◽  
M.A. AlRasheed ◽  
Y.E. Bashawri ◽  
S.S. Alsubaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract #955: Sheehan Syndrome in a Jizan Region of Saudi Arabia.

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Subodh Banzal ◽  
Sonal Banzal ◽  
Sadhana Banzal ◽  
Ayobenji Ayoola
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Sheehan Syndrome
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