Validation of a Femoral Critical Size Defect Model for Orthotopic Evaluation of Bone Healing: A Biomechanical, Veterinary and Trauma Surgical Perspective

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Drosse ◽  
Elias Volkmer ◽  
Sebastian Seitz ◽  
Hermann Seitz ◽  
Rainer Penzkofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Healing ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Critical Size Defect

Influence of the induced membrane filled with syngeneic bone and regenerative cells on bone healing in a critical size defect model of the rat’s femur

Injury ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1721-1731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Nau ◽  
Sebastian Simon ◽  
Alexander Schaible ◽  
Caroline Seebach ◽  
Katrin Schröder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Healing ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Critical Size Defect ◽  
Induced Membrane ◽  
Regenerative Cells

scholarly journals A Standardized Critical Size Defect Model in Normal and Osteoporotic Rats to Evaluate Bone Tissue Engineered Constructs

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Poser ◽  
Romano Matthys ◽  
Peter Schawalder ◽  
Simon Pearce ◽  
Mauro Alini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Osteoporotic Bone ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Critical Size Defect ◽  
Titanium Screws ◽  
Fixation System

Tissue engineered constructs should be tested for their efficacy not only in normal but also in osteoporotic bone. The rat is an established animal model for osteoporosis and is used often for bone healing studies. In this study a defined and standardized critical size defect model in the rat suitable for screening new tissue engineered constructs in normal and osteoporotic bone is described and validated. Normal and ovariectomised Wistar rats received a unilateral middiaphyseal 5 mm defect in the femur, which was instrumented with a radiolucent PEEK plate fixed with angular stable titanium screws and left untreated. All animals were euthanized eight weeks after defect surgery and the bone healing was evaluated using radiographs, computed tomography measurements, and histology. The developed fixation system provided good stability, even in osteoporotic bone. The implants and ancillary instruments ensured consistent and facile placement of the PEEK plates. The untreated defects did not heal without intervention making the model a well-defined and standardized critical size defect model highly useful for evaluating tissue engineered solutions in normal and osteoporotic bone.

scholarly journals Mandible Biomechanics and Continuously Erupting Teeth: A New Defect Model for Studying Load-Bearing Biomaterials

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 730
Author(s):  
Jonathan Z. Baskin ◽  
Brandon M. White ◽  
Amit Vasanji ◽  
Thomas E. Love ◽  
Steven J. Eppell
Keyword(s):  
Critical Size ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Critical Size Defect ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Incisor Growth ◽  
Apparent Relationship ◽  
Mandible Defect

Animals with elodont dentition and unfused mandible symphyses are hypothesized to have symmetric incisor morphology. Since these animals maintain their teeth by gnawing, they may provide physiologic feedback on mechanical function when unilateral mandible defects are created that manifest as ipsilateral changes in tooth structure. This defect model would potentially generate important information on the functional/mechanical properties of implants. Rats’ and rabbits’ mandibles and teeth are analyzed with µCT at baseline and post-intervention (n = 8 for each). Baseline incisors were compared. In a unilateral mandible pilot study, defects—ranging from critical size defect to complete ramus osteotomies—were created to assess effect on dentition (rats, n = 7; rabbits, n = 6). Within 90% confidence intervals, animals showed no baseline left/right differences in their incisors. There are apparent dental changes associated with unilateral defect type and location. Thus, at baseline, animals exhibit statistically significant incisor symmetry and there is an apparent relationship between mandible defect and incisor growth. The baseline symmetry proven here sets the stage to study the degree to which hemi-mandible destabilizing procedures result in measurable & reproducible disruption of dental asymmetry. In a validated model, an implant designed to function under load that prevents incisor asymmetry would provide supporting evidence that the implant has clinically useful load-bearing function.

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