The Effects of Wild Blueberry Consumption on Plasma Markers and Gene Expression Related to Glucose Metabolism in the Obese Zucker Rat

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 619-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Vendrame ◽  
Alice Zhao ◽  
Thomas Merrow ◽  
Dorothy Klimis-Zacas
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Zucker Rat ◽  
Obese Zucker Rat ◽  
Wild Blueberry ◽  
Plasma Markers

scholarly journals Insulin resistance is accompanied by impairment of amylase-gene expression in the exocrine pancreas of the obese Zucker rat

1986 ◽  
Vol 237 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
E R Trimble ◽  
R Bruzzone ◽  
D Belin
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Pancreatic Amylase ◽  
Zucker Rat ◽  
Amylase Gene ◽  
Plasma Insulin Concentration ◽  
Pancreatic Acini ◽  
Obese Zucker Rat ◽  
Obese Rats

Insulin plays a major role in the control of pancreatic amylase biosynthesis. In this study we determined glucose metabolism by pancreatic acini as well as the pancreatic content of both amylase protein and amylase mRNA during development of insulin resistance in the obese Zucker rat. At age 4 weeks there were no abnormalities detected in the above parameters, although the obese animals were already hyperinsulinaemic. At 6 weeks glucose metabolism was decreased by 50% in acini from obese rats, whereas pancreatic amylase-gene expression was only slightly impaired. At 22 weeks glucose metabolism was decreased by 50%, amylase content by 55% and amylase mRNA by 60% in acinar tissue of obese rats. As expected, hyperinsulinaemia increased markedly with age. Thus development of severe insulin resistance was associated with impairment of amylase-gene expression. To decrease insulin resistance, one group of adult obese rats was treated with Ciglitazone for 4 weeks. A lowered plasma insulin concentration without alteration of food intake was taken as evidence of decreased insulin resistance. This was associated with normalization of glucose metabolism and a marked increase of both amylase content of pancreatic tissue and amylase mRNA. In conclusion, both the increase of insulin resistance with age and its partial reversal by Ciglitazone treatment appear to modulate pancreatic amylase-gene expression in the obese Zucker rat.

scholarly journals Adipsin mRNA amounts are not decreased in the genetically obese Zucker rat

1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (3) ◽  
pp. 917-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Dugail ◽  
X Le Liepvre ◽  
A Quignard-Boulangé ◽  
J Pairault ◽  
M Lavau
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Zucker Rat ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Obese Zucker Rat ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats

Adipsin gene expression as assessed by mRNA amounts was examined in adipose tissue of genetically obese rats at the onset (16 days of age) or at later stages (30 and 60 days of age) of obesity. Amounts of mRNA were equivalent in obese and lean rats at 16 days of age. In adult rats, we observed a 2-fold decrease in adipsin mRNA in the obese rats compared with control lean rats, which was abolished by weaning the animals on a high-fat diet. Our data show that, in sharp contrast with genetically obese mice, adipsin mRNA is not suppressed in genetically obese Zucker rats.

scholarly journals Altered regulation of apolipoprotein A-IV gene expression in the liver of the genetically obese Zucker rat.

1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 1766-1773 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Strobl ◽  
B Knerer ◽  
R Gratzl ◽  
K Arbeiter ◽  
Y C Lin-Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Zucker Rat ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Obese Zucker Rat ◽  
Altered Regulation

scholarly journals Correction: A diet containing high- versus low-daidzein does not affect bone density and osteogenic gene expression in the obese Zucker rat model

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 8309-8309
Author(s):  
Eric Rochester ◽  
Brooke E. Wickman ◽  
Andrea Bell ◽  
Christy Simecka ◽  
Zachary S. Clayton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Zucker Rat ◽  
Obese Zucker Rat ◽  
Osteogenic Gene Expression ◽  
Osteogenic Gene

Correction for ‘A diet containing high- versus low-daidzein does not affect bone density and osteogenic gene expression in the obese Zucker rat model’ by Eric Rochester et al., Food Funct., 2019, 10, 6851–6857.

scholarly journals Changes in individual rates of pancreatic enzyme and isoenzyme biosynthesis in the obese Zucker rat

1987 ◽  
Vol 248 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
E R Trimble ◽  
U Rausch ◽  
H F Kern
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme ◽  
Acinar Cells ◽  
Enzyme Synthesis ◽  
Secretory Response ◽  
Zucker Rat ◽  
Enzyme Content ◽  
Obese Zucker Rat ◽  
Obese Rats

Both alterations of enzyme content and a markedly decreased secretory response to selected physiological stimuli have been demonstrated previously in the pancreas of the obese Zucker rat. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the degree to which alterations of enzyme content could be attributed to changes in enzyme biosynthesis. Amylase content of obese rats was decreased by 50%, whereas lipase and trypsinogens were significantly increased. However, the decrease in amylase content was less than might have been predicted from the rate of amylase biosynthesis (80% decrease), and the increases in content of trypsinogen(s) and lipase were greater than would have been predicted from alterations in the absolute rates of biosynthesis. In view of the rapid turnover of pancreatic enzymes under normal conditions, it seems probable that a markedly decreased secretory response to various stimuli leads to an increased content of some enzymes in the pancreas of the obese rat. Ciglitazone treatment, which decreases insulin resistance in obese animals and leads to normalization of glucose metabolism in their pancreatic tissue, restored the enzyme-synthesis rates towards normal, showing that the abnormalities of enzyme synthesis were linked to the insulin resistance rather than to the obese genotype itself. Lipid inclusion bodies were found in acinar cells of obese rats. These bodies have previously been described in acinar cells of starved animals, which, in common with the acinar tissue of the obese Zucker rat, have decreased glucose metabolism.

scholarly journals Wild blueberry consumption affects aortic vascular function in the obese Zucker rat

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Vendrame ◽  
Aleksandra S. Kristo ◽  
Dale A. Schuschke ◽  
Dorothy Klimis-Zacas
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Zucker Rat ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obese Zucker Rat ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Wild Blueberry

This study evaluates the effect of wild blueberry (WB) consumption on the biomechanical properties of the aorta in the obese Zucker rat (OZR), a model of the metabolic syndrome. Thirty-six OZRs and 36 lean controls (lean Zucker rats) were placed either on a WB-enriched or a control (C) diet for 8 weeks. Phenylephrine (Phe)-mediated vasoconstriction and acetylcholine (Ach)-mediated vasorelaxation in the aortic vessel were investigated, as well as the contribution of the nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase (COX) pathways in each of the above responses by using specific inhibitors. Obese Zucker rats exhibited a reduced vasocontstrictor response to Phe and an exaggerated vasorelaxant response to Ach. The WB diet partially restored Phe-induced constrictor responses and attenuated Ach-induced relaxant responses in OZR. Plasma nitric oxide was significantly attenuated (22.1 ± 1.1 μmol·L−1, WB vs 25.6 ± 1.4 μmol·L−1, C, p ≤ 0.05) with the WB diet. Thromboxane A2 levels in the aortic effluent were not significantly affected in the WB diet group, while PGI2 concentration significantly increased (766.5 ± 92.2 pg·mg−1 aorta in the WB vs 571.7 ± 37.8 pg·g−1 aorta in the C group, p ≤ 0.05). Downregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and COX2 expression in the OZR aorta was observed in the WB diet group. In conclusion, WB consumption altered the biomechanical properties of the OZR aorta by partially restoring the impaired Phe-induced constrictor responses and attenuating the exaggerated response to Ach-induced vasorelaxation.

scholarly journals Wild Blueberry consumption markedly attenuates concentration and expression of inflammatory markers in the obese Zucker rat

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Vendrame ◽  
Allison Daugherty ◽  
Aleksandra S. Kristo ◽  
Dorothy Klimis-Zacas
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Zucker Rat ◽  
Obese Zucker Rat ◽  
Wild Blueberry

scholarly journals Changes in content and secretion of pancreatic enzymes in the obese Zucker rat

1984 ◽  
Vol 219 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Bruzzone ◽  
E R Trimble ◽  
A Gjinovci ◽  
A E Renold
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Enzyme Secretion ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Zucker Rat ◽  
Obese Zucker Rat ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Obese Zucker Rats

The contents of three major digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase and chymotrypsinogen) were measured in the obese Zucker rat. Only minimal changes were found in 7-week-old rats, but in adult obese rats (14-16 weeks) the amylase content was decreased by 50%, whereas the lipase and chymotrypsinogen contents were increased by 45% and 20%, respectively, compared with lean controls. Abnormalities of enzyme secretion were also found. Since the changes observed in enzyme proportions in adult obese Zucker rats are qualitatively similar to those observed in insulinopenic diabetes and other states associated with decreased glucose metabolism, it is speculated that the abnormalities found in the obese Zucker rat may be due to decreased glucose metabolism in the exocrine tissue consequent to insulin resistance.

scholarly journals A diet containing high- versus low-daidzein does not affect bone density and osteogenic gene expression in the obese Zucker rat model

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 6851-6857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Rochester ◽  
Brooke E. Wickman ◽  
Andrea Bell ◽  
Christy Simecka ◽  
Zachary S. Clayton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Zucker Rat ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Obese Zucker Rat ◽  
Osteogenic Gene Expression ◽  
Osteogenic Gene ◽  
Plant Compounds

Phytoestrogens are nonsteroidal plant compounds with similar chemical structures to mammalian estrogen capable of mimicking the effect of estrogen in selective tissues.

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