The Missing Link: Estimating the Impact of Incentives on Teacher Effort and Instructional Effectiveness Using Teacher Accountability Legislation Data

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Effectiveness ◽  
Teacher Accountability ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
Teacher Effort ◽  
Accountability Legislation ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Accountability legislation: Implications for financial and performance reporting

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
Daphne Rixon
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Stakeholder Management ◽  
The Body ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Performance Reporting ◽  
Accountability Legislation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this case study is to first examine the implications of accountability legislation on the financial and performance reporting of a public sector agency in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador and secondly, to compare the level of accountability with Stewart’s (1984) ladder of accountability. This paper is based on the first phase of a two-phase study. The first phase focuses on the initial impacts of accountability legislation on agencies and the challenges created by the legislation’s ‘one size fits all’ approach. The second phase of this study will examine the impact of the legislation on stakeholders after it has been in operation for five years. The second phase will include interviews with stakeholders to ascertain the level of satisfaction with the new legislation. The first phase of the study is significant since it highlights how governments could consider stakeholder needs when drafting such legislation. This research contributes to the body of literature on stakeholder accountability since there is a paucity of research focused specifically on the impact of accountability legislation on public sector agencies. An important contribution of this paper is the introduction of a framework for legislated accountability reporting. The main theoretical frameworks used to analyse the findings are Stewart’s (1984) ladder of accountability in conjunction with Friedman and Miles (2006) ladder of stakeholder management and engagement.

scholarly journals Reconciling laboratory and field assessments of neonicotinoid toxicity to honeybees

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1819) ◽  
pp. 20152110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickaël Henry ◽  
Nicolas Cerrutti ◽  
Pierrick Aupinel ◽  
Axel Decourtye ◽  
Mélanie Gayrard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
Annual Crops ◽  
Exposure Pathway ◽  
Study Country ◽  
Neonicotinoid Pesticides ◽  
The Impact

European governments have banned the use of three common neonicotinoid pesticides due to insufficiently identified risks to bees. This policy decision is controversial given the absence of clear consistency between toxicity assessments of those substances in the laboratory and in the field. Although laboratory trials report deleterious effects in honeybees at trace levels, field surveys reveal no decrease in the performance of honeybee colonies in the vicinity of treated fields. Here we provide the missing link, showing that individual honeybees near thiamethoxam-treated fields do indeed disappear at a faster rate, but the impact of this is buffered by the colonies' demographic regulation response. Although we could ascertain the exposure pathway of thiamethoxam residues from treated flowers to honeybee dietary nectar, we uncovered an unexpected pervasive co-occurrence of similar concentrations of imidacloprid, another neonicotinoid normally restricted to non-entomophilous crops in the study country. Thus, its origin and transfer pathways through the succession of annual crops need be elucidated to conveniently appraise the risks of combined neonicotinoid exposures. This study reconciles the conflicting laboratory and field toxicity assessments of neonicotinoids on honeybees and further highlights the difficulty in actually detecting non-intentional effects on the field through conventional risk assessment methods.

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