scholarly journals Some Recent Literature on the Old TestamentOutlines of an Introduction to the Old Testament. John Walter BeardsleeSyllabus for Old Testament Study. John R. SampeyIšố dâdh's Stellung in der Auslegungsgeschichte des Alten Testamentes an seinen Commentaren zu Hosea, Joel, Jona, Sacharja 9-14 und einigen angehängten Psalmen. G. DiettrichThe Biblical History of the Hebrews. F. J. Foakes-JacksonAbraham als Babylonier; Joseph als Aegypter. Hugo WincklerJoseph and Moses, the Founders of Israel. Buchanan BlakeDie Schätzung des Königtums im Alten Testament. Karl BuddeDie Genealogie des Königs Jojachin und seiner Nachkommen (1 Chron. 3:17-24) in geschichtlicher Beleuchtung. J. W. RothsteinKeilinschriftliches Textbuch zum Alten Testament. Hugo WincklerA History of Egypt, from the End of the Neolithic Period to the Death of Cleopatra VII. E. A. Wallis BudgeAegyptologische Studien. H. Schack-SchackenburgHebräische Grammatik mit Paradigmen, Litteratur, Uebungstücken und Wörterverzeichnis. Carl SteuernagelDie Sprüche Jesus', des Sohnes Sirachs. Hermann L. StrackGenesis übersetzt und erklärt. Hermann GunkelCursus Scripturae Sacrae: Commentarius in Librum Josue. Fr. de HummelauerDer Aufbau der Amosreden. Eberhard BaumannJeremiah the Prophet. John RobsonThe Only Key to Daniel's Prophecies. W. S. AuchinclossStudien zur israelitischen Religionsgeschichte. Johannes MeinholdDie Entwickelung der alttestamentlichen Gottesidee in vorexilischer Zeit. Wilhelm MöllerNatur und Character Jahwes nach den vordeuteronomischen Quellen der Bücher Genesis-Könige. Carl HunniusDie Sicherstellung des Monotheismus durch die Gesetzgebung in dem vorexilischen Juda. W. ErbtCritica Biblica; Or, Critical Notes on the Text of the Old Testament Writings. T. K. CheyneDer Schöpfungsbericht der Genesis (1:1-2:3), mit Berücksichtigung der neuesten Entdeckungen und Forschungen. Vinc. ZapletalDie Gesetze Hammurabis, Königs von Babylon um 2250 v. Chr.Hugo WincklerMoses und Hammurabi. Johannes JeremiasThe Linear Measures of Babylonia about B. C. 2500. W. Shaw-CaldecottAssyrisches und Talmudisches: Kulturgeschichtliche und lexikalische Notizen. Hermann PickDas Buch Hiob: Nach der Auffassung der rabbinischen Litteratur in den ersten fünf nachchristlichen Jahrhunderten. Isaac WiernikowskiHeinrich Ewald, Orientalist and Theologian, 1803-1903: A Centenary Appreciation. T. Witton DaviesThe First Bible. C. R. ConderBiblical Quotations in Old English Prose Writers. Albert S. CookDe la sincérité dans l'enseignement de l'histoire sainte de l'Ancien Testament aux enfants. X. KœnigLa Question biblique chez lez Catholiques de France au XIXe siècle. Albert HoutinStories from the Old, Old Bible. L. T. MeadeStudies in the Book: Old Testament. Franklin WeidnerPalästinischer Diwan als Beitrag zur Volkskunde Palästinas. Gustav H. Dalman

1904 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-198
Author(s):  
George S. Goodspeed ◽  
Ira Maurice Price ◽  
Herbert L. Willett
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
English Prose ◽  
Biblical History ◽  
Genesis 1 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xixe Siecle ◽  
Critical Notes

scholarly journals Humans created God in their image? An anthropomorphic projectionism in the Old Testament

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ndikho Mtshiselwa ◽  
Lerato Mokoena
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
The World ◽  
Genesis 1 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Old Testament Studies

The Old Testament projects not only a Deity that created the world and human beings but also one that is violent and male. The debate on the depiction of the God of Israel that is violent and male is far from being exhausted in Old Testament studies. Thus, the main question posed in this article is: If re-read as ‘Humans created God in their image’, would Genesis 1:27 account for the portrayal of a Deity that is male and violent? Feuerbach’s idea of anthropomorphic projectionism and Guthrie’s view of religion as anthropomorphism come to mind here. This article therefore examines, firstly, human conceptualisation of a divine being within the framework of the theory of anthropomorphic projectionism. Because many a theologian and philosopher would deny that God is a being at all, we further investigate whether the God of Israel was a theological and social construction during the history of ancient Israel. In the end, we conclude, based on the theory of anthropomorphic projectionism, that the idea that the God of Israel was a theological and social construct accounts for the depiction of a Deity that is male and violent in the Old Testament.

scholarly journals Theophany in the Old Testament and its Interpretation in Aramaic Translations (The Concept of the Divine Word in the Targum)

2007 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Dmytro V. Tsolin
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Epic Poetry ◽  
Material World ◽  
The World ◽  
Genesis 1 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Experienced Researcher

Every reader of the Old Testament, both experienced researcher and newcomer, cannot fail to pay attention to one peculiarity in the presentation of the idea of ​​God: it is a harmonious (and, at times, amazing) combination of transcendence and immanence. The History of the Creation of the World (Genesis 1: 1 - 2: 3), which begins the first book of the Strictly Testament - Genesis - is an example of an exquisite prose genre with elements of epic poetry. In it, the Creator of the Universe appears to the Almighty, the Wise, and the All-Powerful, standing above the created world: Only one word of it evokes the material world from nothingness. This is emphasized by the repeated use of the formulas אלהים וימר / wa-yyo'mer 'ělohîm ("And Elohim said ...") and ויהי־כן / wa-yəhî khēn ("And so it became"). This use of two narrative constructs at the beginning and at the end of messages about the creative activities of God clearly emphasizes the idea of ​​reconciling the divine Word and being. God is shown here to be transcendental.

A New Introduction to the Peshitta of the Old Testament

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-246
Author(s):  
Marinus Koster
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Masoretic Text ◽  
Translation Technique ◽  
History Of ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
To Come ◽  
Precise Role ◽  
Critical Notes

Abstract The first part of this review article gives a full summary of Michael Weitzman's The Syriac Version of the Old Testament. It is agreed that this book is a masterpiece. Yet, as it will probably serve as the standard introduction to the Peshitta for many years to come, some critical notes are in order. These concern some methodological questions, the evaluation of the 'three-stages model' for the text history of the Peshitta, the precise role of scribes, Weitzman's multidimensional maps, and the overrated position of translation technique as an explanation of differences between the Peshitta and the Masoretic text.

Justice and peace - a survey of issues

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-64
Author(s):  
Klaus Nürnberger
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Christian Ethics ◽  
Contemporary Debate ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Biblical History ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
History Of ◽  
Social Critical ◽  
The Church

AbstractThis article offers a condensed survey of justice and peace issues in Christian ethics. It was originally written for an evangelical encyclopedia but was not accepted by the editors, possibly because of its historical critical and social critical stance. It begins with the historical origins of the concepts of law in the Old Testament, namely covenant law and cosmic order, their profound transformations in biblical history and their final form in the New Testament. Then we mention a few important developments in the history of the church from the Constantinian reversal, over the Reformation and the Enlightenment to the modern revolutionary spirit. Then we highlight a few aspects of the modern discussion, such as the accelerating development of science and technology, the emergence of a global, highly imbalanced economy, the rise and fall of Marxist socialism, a renewed upsurge of ethnic sentiments, and so on. Finally we offer a few directives for the contemporary debate, focusing on the relation between justice and peace.

scholarly journals Degree of Grammaticalisation of Behind, Beneath, Between and Betwixt in Middle English

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-222
Author(s):  
Ewa Ciszek-Kiliszewska
Keyword(s):  
Middle English ◽  
Old English ◽  
English Prose ◽  
Natural Context ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diachronic Changes ◽  
Respective Function

The present paper traces the history of four selected adverbs with the prefix be- in Middle English. Already in Old English behind, beneath, between and betwixt are attested to function as both adverbs and prepositions, which demonstrates that the process of grammaticalisation accounting for the development of prepositions from adverbs started before that period. The focus of the study are the diachronic changes of the degree of grammaticalisation of the examined lexemes in the Middle English period as demonstrated by the ratio of their use with a respective function in the most natural context. Hence, specially selected Middle English prose texts are analysed. The analysis shows that while behind and beneath are still frequently used as adverbs in the whole Middle English period, between and betwixt are predominantly used as prepositions already in Early Middle English. This clearly demonstrates that the degree of grammaticalisation of the latter two Middle English words was much higher than that of behind and beneath.

Old Latin Intervention in the Old English Heptateuch

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 229-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Old English ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
English Translation ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Patristic Literature ◽  
History Of

The Old Testament translations in the compilation known as the Old English Hexateuch or Heptateuch are based on good Vulgate exemplars. That is to say, where variation can be demonstrated between the version associated with Jerome's late fourth-century revision and the pre-Hieronymian ‘Old Latin’ versions, the Old English translations can be shown to derive from exemplars carrying the former. The opening of Genesis–‘On angynne gesceop God heofonan 7 eorðan. seo eorðe soðlice was idel 7 æmti’–illustrates this general rule. Behind it is the Vulgate ‘in principio creauit Deus caelum et terram. terra autem erat inanis et uacua”, not a version with the characteristic ‘old’ readings, such as fecit for creauit and inuisibilis et inconpositas for inani et vacua. Indeed, much of the Old English translation, especially in Genesis, is sufficiently full and faithful for the identification of specific Vulgate variants in the exemplar text to be made with some confidence and for the influence on it of the important Carolingian revisions asssociated with Orléans and Tours to be demonstrated. There is, however, a small number of Old English readings throughout the Heptateuch for which Latin parallels in the thirty or so collated Vulgate manuscripts are unknown or hardly known. Instead, they appear to derive from models available in pre-Hieronymian texts. Uncertainty often surrounds their identification, owing to the complexities both of the translation process and the history of the Latin Bible. Understanding their origins involves consideration of the influence of patristic literature and the liturgy, as well as the availability of ‘contaminated’ exemplar texts.

The Consolation of History in Calvin’s Sermons on Second Samuel

2020 ◽  
pp. 196-218
Author(s):  
Barbara Pitkin
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Legal History ◽  
John Calvin ◽  
Divine Providence ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biblical History ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
History Of

In May 1562, John Calvin began a series of sermons on Second Samuel, seeking to shape the response of ordinary Genevans to the first French religious-civil war by appealing to biblical history to illuminate the present. Calvin teaches how to learn from scripture and distinguish elements of perpetual significance from anachronisms relevant only to the history of Israel. He presents sacred history as a unique record of the past that, unlike profane history, can speak to the present through its chronicle of past events. Calvin urges his listeners to compare the events depicted in Second Samuel to their own experience. This historical vision, in which biblical history becomes a living and lived lesson, also shapes a treatise written during the third war by François Hotman, Calvin’s colleague and theorist of legal history. Hotman also sought and found the consolation of the Holy Spirit through Old Testament history, viewed afresh from the experience of wartime affliction. For both Reformed thinkers, the biblical past and the experience of war combined to forge a key spiritual weapon: a historical vision of the present tied into divine providence throughout the ages.

Setting the Scene: a Response to John Rogerson

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEITH W. WHITELAM
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Biblical History ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
History Of

John Rogerson's review of works on the history of ancient Israel from Humphrey Prideaux to Martin Noth is a fine illustration of Ecclesiastes' observation (1.9): ‘What has been is what will be, and what has been done is what will be done; and there is nothing new under the sun’. The current debates on the history of Israel are often presented as part of some paradigm shift or, at the very least, a new and savage phase in the study of Israelite history. The publication of recent works such as A Biblical History of Israel by Provan et al. and Kenneth Kitchen's On the Reliability of the Old Testament take us back to the starting point of Rogerson's paper and the work of Prideaux before the development of biblical studies as a critical discipline in the nineteenth century. Norman Cantor's observations on the invention of the Middle Ages by twentieth-century scholarship are just as applicable to biblical scholarship and its pursuit of ancient Israel.

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