Acute Sexually Transmitted Infections Increase Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Plasma Viremia, Increase Plasma Type 2 Cytokines, and Decrease CD4 Cell Counts

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aggrey O. Anzala ◽  
J. Neil Simonsen ◽  
Joshua Kimani ◽  
T. Blake Ball ◽  
Nico J. D. Nagelkerke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Plasma Viremia ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cd4 Cell Counts ◽  
Type 2 Cytokines ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cd4 Cell

scholarly journals Can the Level of Immunosuppression in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients Affect the Reliability of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 2 Serological Diagnosis?

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvina Bassani ◽  
Carlos Toro ◽  
Victoria Jiménez ◽  
Berta Rodés ◽  
Vincent Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cd4 Cell Counts ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cd4 Cell

ABSTRACT A total of 175 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive intravenous drug users (IDU) with CD4 cell counts of <200 cells/μl were matched with 175 HIV-positive IDU with CD4 cell counts of >500 cells/μl. Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) reactivity and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 2 (HTLV-2) Western blot (WB) positivity were more frequently observed in subjects with CD4 cell counts of >500 cells/μl. Most of the subjects with low CD4 cell counts and EIA reactivity carried HTLV-2 infection (WB positive and/or PCR positive). No subjects with low CD4 cell counts and a lack of reactive EIA were PCR positive for HTLV-2. Therefore, a negative EIA result can confidently discharge HTLV-2 infection in HIV-infected patients with severe immunosuppression, whereas PCR should be performed for subjects with a reactive HTLV EIA which is not further confirmed by WB.

scholarly journals Safety, tolerance, and efficacy of atevirdine in asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2664-2668 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Been-Tiktak ◽  
I Williams ◽  
H M Vrehen ◽  
J Richens ◽  
D Aldam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Transcriptase Inhibitor ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cd4 Cell Counts ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor ◽  
Cd4 Cell ◽  
Hiv 1

Atevirdine is a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). In this study we investigated the effect of atevirdine in asymptomatic antiretroviral naive HIV-infected patients with CD4+ cell counts of between 200 and 750 cells per mm3. Patients were randomized to receive 600 mg of atevirdine (n = 15) or a placebo (n = 15) three times a day for 12 weeks. There was no statistically significant effect of atevirdine on viral loads (HIV p24 antigen and HIV-1 RNA levels by PCR) or CD4+ cell counts. The data do not support the use of atevirdine as a monotherapy in the treatment of HIV-infected patients.

scholarly journals Acyclovir Use and Survival Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus‐Infected Patients with CD4 Cell Counts of < 500/mm

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón A. Torres ◽  
James D. Neaton ◽  
Deborah N. Wentworth ◽  
Michael R. Barr ◽  
Donald Abrams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cd4 Cell Counts ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cd4 Cell

scholarly journals Inactivation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Porphyrins

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 3917-3925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei N. Vzorov ◽  
Dabney W. Dixon ◽  
Jenna S. Trommel ◽  
Luigi G. Marzilli ◽  
Richard W. Compans
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Copper Chelate ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Env Protein ◽  
Cd4 Cell

ABSTRACT We have evaluated the anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity of a series of natural and synthetic porphyrins to identify compounds that could potentially be used as microbicides to provide a defense against infection by sexually transmitted virus. For assays we used an epithelial HeLa-CD4 cell line with an integrated long terminal repeat-β-galactosidase gene. For structure-activity analysis, we divided the porphyrins tested into three classes: (i) natural porphyrins, (ii) metallo-tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonate (metallo-TPPS4) derivatives, and (iii) sulfonated tetra-arylporphyrin derivatives. None of the natural porphyrins studied reduced infection by more than 80% at a concentration of 5 μg/ml in these assays. Some metal chelates of TPPS4 were more active, and a number of sulfonated tetra-aryl derivatives showed significantly higher activity. Some of the most active compounds were the sulfonated tetranaphthyl porphyrin (TNapPS), sulfonated tetra-anthracenyl porphyrin (TAnthPS), and sulfonated 2,6-difluoro-meso-tetraphenylporphine [TPP(2,6-F2)S] and its copper chelate [TPP(2,6-F2)S,Cu], which reduced infection by 99, 96, 94, and 96%, respectively. Our observations indicate that at least some of these compounds are virucidal, i.e., that they render the virus noninfectious. The active compounds were found to inhibit binding of the HIV type 1 gp120 to CD4 and also to completely inhibit the ability of Env proteins expressed from recombinant vectors to induce cell fusion with receptor-bearing target cells. These results support the conclusion that modified porphyrins exhibit substantial activity against HIV and that their target is the HIV Env protein.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document