scholarly journals RED CELL AND PLASMA VOLUMES (CIRCULATING AND TOTAL) AS DETERMINED BY RADIO IRON AND BY DYE

1942 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Hahn ◽  
J. F. Ross ◽  
W. F. Bale ◽  
W. M. Balfour ◽  
G. H. Whipple
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Peripheral Cell ◽  
Circulating Blood Volume ◽  
Erythrocyte Volume ◽  
Small Vessels

1. Application of the principles of hydrodynamics to the problem of blood flow and blood volume indicates that the calculation of blood volume and cell volume from the venous hematocrit and plasma volume (as determined by the dye method) is subject to considerable error. 2. This conclusion is borne out by determinations of total cell volume by viviperfusion and with the use of radioactive iron tagged erythrocytes, which have shown the erythrocyte volume to be only 70 to 75 per cent of the volume indicated by the previously mentioned calculations. 3. The average hematocrit of the entire vascular system is considerably lower than the hematocrit of the large vessels, and the cell-plasma ratio of the smaller vessels is still less. 4. In the dog there are no considerable stores of immobilized erythrocytes, and the total erythrocyte volume and circulating erythrocyte volume are identical. 5. The "rapidly circulating blood volume" can be determined by dividing the erythrocyte volume by the venous hematocrit, and is found to be considerably less than the total blood volume. 6. The concept of the "rapidly circulating plasma volume" is introduced, and it is found to be approximately 80 per cent of the total plasma volume. 7. The volume of plasma in the peripheral, cell free, sluggishly moving plasma films, plus that contained in small vessels in which no red cells are present, is also determined and found to be approximately 20 per cent of the entire plasma volume. 8. The existence and magnitude of these fractions of the blood plasma volume should receive consideration in studies of blood flow and blood volume.

scholarly journals Blood volume in monoclonal gammopathy

Blood ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Alexanian
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Total Blood Volume ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The plasma volume, red cell volume, or both were measured in 170 normal, anemic, or polycythemic subjects. For anemic subjects without a serum protein abnormality or splenomegaly, the relationship between hematocrit and red cell volume was linear and predictable. In patients with a serum monoclonal globulin on electrophoresis, the plasma voluem was significantly increased for the hematocrit in 30%, and the total blood volume was increased in 45%. The frequency of an elevated plasma volume was higher in patients with a markedly increased level of monoclonal protein. Reductions of abnormal proteins with chemotherapy were associated with declines in plasma volume. For a specific concentration, the serum viscosity was highest in patients with IgM proteins and lowest in patients with IgG globulins. Marked elevations in viscosity were noted only in sera with macroglobulinemia or with more than 5 g/dl of IgG or IgA globulins.

scholarly journals Plasma volume, cell volume, total blood volume and F factor in the tree shrew

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0234835
Author(s):  
Wei Xia ◽  
Zong-jian Huang ◽  
Zhao-liang Guo ◽  
Yi-wei Feng ◽  
Chao-yin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Tree Shrew ◽  
Total Blood Volume ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
F Factor ◽  
Volume Cell

Cell volume, plasma volume, total blood volume and Fcells factor in the rhesus monkey

1958 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus I. Gregersen ◽  
H. Sear ◽  
R. A. Rawson ◽  
Shu Chien ◽  
G. L. Saiger
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Total Blood Volume ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cell Percentage ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
The Mean

Forty-two simultaneous measurements of plasma and cell volume with T-1824 and P32 were made on 18 normal monkeys ranging in weight from 3.4 to 7.1 kg. Nine determinations were made on two animals at varying intervals during a 16-month period. The mean values and standard deviations were as follows: cell volume 17.7 (S.D., 1.66) ml/kg; plasma volume, 36.4 (S.D., 3.98) ml/kg; blood volume, 54.0 (S.D., 4.72) ml/kg; Fcells factor, 0.83, (S.D., 0.046); venous cell percentage (hematocrit value x.96), 39.6; plasma protein (refractometer) 7.26 gm %. Variations among animals in plasma and blood volume, expressed in milliliters per kilogram were significantly greater than those observed in the same animal during the 16-month period.

Plasma volume, cell volume, total blood volume and Fcells factor in the normal and splenectomized Sherman rat

1958 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Wang
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Simultaneous Measurement ◽  
Total Blood Volume ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Unanesthetized Animals ◽  
Cell Volumes ◽  
Volume Cell

A method is described for the catheterization of the carotid of the rat which permits blood volume determinations to be made on unanesthetized animals. The cell volume (P32) and plasma volume (T-1824) were measured simultaneously on the day after catheterization. The average Fcells factor was 0.739 (S.D., 0.053) in 11 normal rats and 0.726 (S.D., 0.041) in 10 splenectomized rats. In 50 unanesthetized normal rats the plasma volume averaged 3.90 ml/100 gm body weight. The blood and cell volumes calculated by using the Fcells factor of 0.74 and the separately determined plasma trapping' factor of 0.95 averaged 5.93 ml/ 100 gm and 2.14 ml/100 gm, respectively. These values agree closely with those determined from the simultaneous measurement of cell and plasma volumes and also with the values obtained on 27 normal rats under ether.

Simultaneous determination of blood volume with Cr51 and T-1824 during hypothermia and rewarming

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Fedor ◽  
B. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Total Blood Volume ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Usual Feature

Dogs lightly anesthetized with ether, maintained between 23–24°C for 2 hours and rewarmed, were subjected to simultaneous determinations of red cell volume (Cr51) and plasma volume (T-1824). Red cell volume values were unchanged during the course of the experiment. Plasma volumes were significantly decreased during hypothermia and were transiently elevated during rewarming. Twenty-four hours after rewarming, total blood volume and plasma volume values were not significantly different from control values. It would seem that circulatory failure (‘rewarming shock’) is not a usual feature of rewarming following hypothermia of 2 hours duration.

scholarly journals Regulation of blood volume in lowlanders exposed to high altitude

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 957-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Siebenmann ◽  
Paul Robach ◽  
Carsten Lundby
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Circulating Blood Volume ◽  
Oxyhemoglobin Saturation ◽  
Physiological Relevance

Humans ascending to high altitude (HA) experience a reduction in arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation and, as a result, arterial O2content ([Formula: see text]). As HA exposure extends, this reduction in [Formula: see text] is counteracted by an increase in arterial hemoglobin concentration. Initially, hemoconcentration is exclusively related to a reduction in plasma volume (PV), whereas after several weeks a progressive expansion in total red blood cell volume (RCV) contributes, although often to a modest extent. Since the decrease in PV is more rapid and usually more pronounced than the expansion in RCV, at least during the first weeks of exposure, a reduction in circulating blood volume is common at HA. Although the regulation of hematological responses to HA has been investigated for decades, it remains incompletely understood. This is not only related to the large number of mechanisms that could be involved and the complexity of their interplay but also to the difficulty of conducting comprehensive experiments in the often secluded HA environment. In this review, we present our understanding of the kinetics, the mechanisms and the physiological relevance of the HA-induced reduction in PV and expansion in RCV.

scholarly journals Blood volume in monoclonal gammopathy

Blood ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Alexanian
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Total Blood Volume ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
The Relationship

The plasma volume, red cell volume, or both were measured in 170 normal, anemic, or polycythemic subjects. For anemic subjects without a serum protein abnormality or splenomegaly, the relationship between hematocrit and red cell volume was linear and predictable. In patients with a serum monoclonal globulin on electrophoresis, the plasma voluem was significantly increased for the hematocrit in 30%, and the total blood volume was increased in 45%. The frequency of an elevated plasma volume was higher in patients with a markedly increased level of monoclonal protein. Reductions of abnormal proteins with chemotherapy were associated with declines in plasma volume. For a specific concentration, the serum viscosity was highest in patients with IgM proteins and lowest in patients with IgG globulins. Marked elevations in viscosity were noted only in sera with macroglobulinemia or with more than 5 g/dl of IgG or IgA globulins.

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