scholarly journals COLLAGEN SUBSTRATA FOR STUDIES ON CELL BEHAVIOR

1972 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Elsdale ◽  
Jonathan Bard
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Simple Technique ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Capillary Forces ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Human Diploid Cells ◽  
Diploid Cells ◽  
Collagen Lattices

A simple technique is described for the preparation of collagen substrata containing 0 1% of collagen by weight, in the form of native bundles with a 640 A period, the substrata are similar in these respects to soft-tissue matrices These substrate are hydrated collagen lattices (HCLs) in which the watery milieu is held within a fibrous collagen net mainly by capillary forces. HCLs have been characterized in terms of the course of collagen precipitation and aggregation, ultrastructure, and their stability under various conditions. The ways in which HCLs can be employed as both two- and three-dimensional substrata in cell behavioral studies are illustrated with some preliminary observations on the form, motility, adhesion, and growth of human diploid cells and two lines of malignant cells.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERISATION OF 3D SOLID TUMOUR CELL MODELS FOR INDIVIDUALIZED CANCER TREATMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 58-74
Author(s):  
A. B. Danilova ◽  
T. L. Nekhaeva ◽  
N. A. Efremova ◽  
M. A. Maydin ◽  
E. I. Fedoros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Epithelial Tumors ◽  
Wide Range

Background. To solve the problems of personalized medicine in oncology, preclinical studies based on the use of three-dimensional cellular models of tumors in vitro, including spheroids / tumoroids, are of great importance. They are an interesting tool for genetic, epigenetic, biomedical and pharmacological studies aiming to determine the most effective individual therapeutic approaches, since they allow modeling the dynamic evolution of a tumor disease from early stages to metastatic spread through interaction with the microenvironment.The purpose of the study was to compare characteristic features of formation and spatial organization of spheroids, obtained from solid malignant tumors cells with various histogenesis: melanomas, soft tissue sarcomas and osteosarcomas, epithelial tumors.Material and Methods. Solid tumor cell lines of patients who were treated from 2015 to 2021 were the basis for the creation of 3D-cell models. Fragments of tumor tissue were obtained intraoperatively: 15 samples of melanoma, 20 samples of soft tissue sarcomas and osteosarcomas, and 9 samples of epithelial tumors. All tumor cells were cultured for at least 10 passages. Methods of phase contrast, confocal microscopy, and histological techniques were used to study spheroids. Using ELISA methods and multiplex analysis, the supernatants of monolayer cell cultures and spheroids were studied for the presence of a wide range of biologically active substances that provide the processes of immunosuppression, invasion and metastasis.Results. The use of low adhesion surfaces was proven to be preferable to obtain spheroids of a given seed concentration and size of interest. The average cultivation time of spheroids was 4.7 days, and the optimal seeding concentration was 10,000 cells per well, while the spheroid diameter varied from 300 to 1000 μm depending on the type of malignant cells: the largest spheroids formed melanoma cultures. In general, the efficiency of spheroid formation was 88.6 % (39 out of 44). The introduction of fibroblasts into the 3D construct led to increasing in the invasive potential of tumor cells, which was associated with the production of IL8 (rho=0.636, p=0.035), HGF (rho=0.850, p=0.004), SCF (rho=0.857, p=0.014), FST (rho=0.685, p=0.029), Prolactin (rho=0.810, p=0.015), PECAM1 (rho=0.788, p=0.004).Conclusion. The technology of low-adhesive surfaces makes it possible to successfully create three-dimensional models of a tumor node from malignant tumors cells of various histogenesis. The colonization of a three-dimensional structure with fibroblasts enhances the biologically aggressive properties of tumor cells and demonstrates complex reciprocal interactions between the cellular elements of the tumor stroma and malignant cells, which brings the model closer to a real clinical situation. 

scholarly journals Imputation-free reconstructions of three-dimensional chromosome architectures in human diploid single-cells using allele-specified contacts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshito Hirata ◽  
Arisa H. Oda ◽  
Chie Motono ◽  
Masanori Shiro ◽  
Kunihiro Ohta
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Structure ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Recurrence Plot ◽  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
Fractal Structures ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Human Diploid Cells ◽  
Diploid Cells

AbstractThe sparseness of chromosomal contact information and the presence of homologous chromosomes with very similar nucleotide sequences make Hi-C analysis difficult. We propose a new algorithm using allele-specific single-nucleotide variations (SNVs) to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) chromosomal architectures from the Hi-C dataset of single diploid cells. Our algorithm has a function to discriminate SNVs specifically found between homologous chromosomes to our “recurrence plot”-based algorithm to estimate the 3D chromosome structure, which does not require imputation for ambiguous segment information. The new algorithm can efficiently reconstruct 3D chromosomal structures in single human diploid cells by employing only Hi-C segment pairs containing allele-specific SNVs. The datasets of the remaining pairs of segments without allele-specific SNVs are used to validate the estimated chromosome structure. This approach was used to reconstruct the 3D structures of human chromosomes in single diploid cells at a 1-Mb resolution. Introducing a subsequent mathematical measure further improved the resolution to 40-kb or 100-kb. The reconstruction data reveals that human chromosomes form chromosomal territories and take fractal structures where the mean dimension is a non-integer value. We also validate our approach by estimating 3D protein/polymer structures.

scholarly journals Accuracy and Reproducibility of Facial Measurements of Digital Photographs and Wrapped Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Photographs

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Maged Sultan Alhammadi ◽  
Abeer Abdulkareem Al-mashraqi ◽  
Rayid Hussain Alnami ◽  
Nawaf Mohammad Ashqar ◽  
Omar Hassan Alamir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Profile ◽  
Digital Photographs ◽  
Gonial Angle

The study sought to assess whether the soft tissue facial profile measurements of direct Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and wrapped CBCT images of non-standardized facial photographs are accurate compared to the standardized digital photographs. In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients with an age range of 18–30 years, who were indicated for CBCT, were enrolled. Two facial photographs were taken per patient: standardized and random (non-standardized). The non-standardized ones were wrapped with the CBCT images. The most used soft tissue facial profile landmarks/parameters (linear and angular) were measured on direct soft tissue three-dimensional (3D) images and on the photographs wrapped over the 3D-CBCT images, and then compared to the standardized photographs. The reliability analysis was performed using concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and depicted graphically using Bland–Altman plots. Most of the linear and angular measurements showed high reliability (0.91 to 0.998). Nevertheless, four soft tissue measurements were unreliable; namely, posterior gonial angle (0.085 and 0.11 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively), mandibular plane angle (0.006 and 0.0016 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively), posterior facial height (0.63 and 0.62 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively) and total soft tissue facial convexity (0.52 for both wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively). The soft tissue facial profile measurements from either the direct 3D-CBCT images or the wrapped CBCT images of non-standardized frontal photographs were accurate, and can be used to analyze most of the soft tissue facial profile measurements.

scholarly journals Primary Soft Tissue Sarcoma of the Heart: An Emerging Chapter in Cardio-Oncology

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 774
Author(s):  
Pietro Scicchitano ◽  
Maria Chiara Sergi ◽  
Matteo Cameli ◽  
Marcelo H. Miglioranza ◽  
Marco Matteo Ciccone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Cardiac Tumors ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Histological Differentiation ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Literature Overview ◽  
Primary Localization

Primary malignant cardiac tumors are rare, with a prevalence of about 0.01% among all cancer histotypes. At least 60% of them are primary soft tissue sarcomas of the heart (pSTS-h) that represent almost 1% of all STSs. The cardiac site of origin is the best way to classify pSTS-h as it is directly linked to the surgical approach for cancer removal. Indeed, histological differentiation should integrate the classification to provide insights into prognosis and survival expectancy of the patients. The prognosis of pSTS-h is severe and mostly influenced by the primary localization of the tumor, the difficulty in achieving complete surgical and pharmacological eradication, and the aggressive biological features of malignant cells. This review aims to provide a detailed literature overview of the most relevant issues on primary soft tissue sarcoma of the heart and highlight potential diagnostic and therapeutic future perspectives.

Three-Dimensional Melt-Electrowritten Polycaprolactone/Chitosan Scaffolds Enhance Mesenchymal Stem Cell Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1319-1329
Author(s):  
Minami Yoshida ◽  
Paul R. Turner ◽  
M. Azam Ali ◽  
Jaydee D. Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Chitosan Scaffolds

Soft tissue abnormalities in Wassel Type VI radial polydactyly: a detailed anatomical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-359
Author(s):  
Susumu Saito ◽  
Itaru Tsuge ◽  
Hiroki Yamanaka ◽  
Naoki Morimoto
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Metacarpophalangeal Joint ◽  
Abductor Pollicis Brevis ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Thenar Muscle ◽  
Pulley System ◽  
Radial Deviation ◽  
Tissue Abnormalities

Wassel VI radial polydactyly is associated with metacarpal adduction and radial deviation of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the ulnar duplicate. The soft tissue abnormalities responsible for these deformities were characterized using preoperative multi-planar three-dimensional ultrasound and intraoperative observation in four patients. In all patients, the abductor pollicis brevis and superficial head of the flexor pollicis brevis inserted into the radial first metacarpal, whereas the adductor pollicis and deep head of the flexor pollicis brevis inserted into the ulnar thumb. Aberrant location of the flexor pollicis longus and absence of the A1 pulley system was associated with severe radial deviation. An additional superficial thenar muscle along the ulnar metacarpal was associated with minimal metacarpal adduction. Uneven forces on the ulnar duplicate could be associated with these characteristic deformities and joint instability. Knowledge of these abnormalities allows better planning of surgery and further insight into this rare radial polydactyly configuration. Level of evidence: II

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