scholarly journals MIGRATION OF GLYCOPROTEIN FROM GOLGI APPARATUS TO CELL COAT IN THE COLUMNAR CELLS OF THE DUODENAL EPITHELIUM

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 668-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Cell Coat ◽  
Duodenal Epithelium ◽  
Columnar Cells

Fine structure and development of schizonts, merozoites and macrogamonts of Eimeria acervulina in the goblet cells of the duodenal epithelium of experimentally infected birds

Parasitology ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Michael
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Site Specificity ◽  
Eimeria Acervulina ◽  
Duodenal Epithelium

The fine structure of trophozoites, schizonts, merozoites and macrogamonts of Eimeria acervulina found in goblet cells of the duodenal epithelium of chicks is described and compared with the corresponding stages formed in other epithelial cells. Complete schizogony, with the formation of mature merozoites, occurred freely in goblet cells. Developing macrogamonts (but no microgamonts) were rarely found in goblet cells. The stages observed were confined to the cytoplasm of the host cell above the Golgi apparatus and were usually seen between the mucous granules. The stages seen appeared normal, and contained similar structures to corresponding stages developing in other cells. The finding of developing stages of E. acervulina in goblet cells provides further evidence that site specificity of Eimeria at the cellular level is not as strict as previously thought.

scholarly journals Autoradiographic demonstration of in vivo sialylation of endogenous acceptors at the microvillar surface of intestinal columnar cells after intraluminal administration of CMP-[3H]-sialic acid.

1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 861-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Bennett ◽  
A Haddad ◽  
C P Leblond
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Posterior Chamber ◽  
Rat Jejunum ◽  
Sialyltransferase Activity ◽  
Columnar Cells

To investigate the presence of glycosyltransferase activity at the apical surfaces of columnar cells in small intestine, CMP-[3H]-sialic acid was injected into the lumen of a ligated segment of rat jejunum; 5 min later the tissue was fixed and processed for light microscopic autoradiography. After a 3-6-month exposure, an autoradiographic reaction appeared over the microvillar surfaces of columnar cells, indicating the presence of surface sialyltransferase activity accompanied by endogenous acceptors. When CMP-[3H]-sialic acid was injected into the posterior chamber of rat eye or the lumen of mouse gallbladder, no autoradiographic reaction was observed at the surfaces of the cells facing these cavities. After injection of UDP-[3H]-galactose into the same three sites, an autoradiographic reaction was observed in the Golgi regions of the various epithelial cells, but not along their apical surfaces. Competition experiments using unlabeled galactose indicated that [3H]-galactose had been released from the nucleotide and had entered the cells to be incorporated into the Golgi apparatus.

scholarly journals MIGRATION OF GLYCOPROTEIN FROM THE GOLGI APPARATUS TO THE SURFACE OF VARIOUS CELL TYPES AS SHOWN BY RADIOAUTOGRAPHY AFTER LABELED FUCOSE INJECTION INTO RATS

1974 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Bennett ◽  
C. P. Leblond ◽  
Antonio Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Cell Coat ◽  
Golgi Region ◽  
Silver Grains

A single intravenous injection of L-[3H]fucose, a specific glycoprotein precursor, was given to young 35–45 g rats which were sacrificed at times varying between 2 min and 30 h later. Radioautography of over 50 cell types, including renewing and nonrenewing cells, was carried out for light and electron microscope study. At early time intervals (2–10 min after injection), light microscope radioautography showed a reaction over nearly all cells investigated in the form of a discrete clump of silver grains over the Golgi region. This reaction varied in intensity and duration from cell type to cell type. Electron microscope radioautographs of duodenal villus columnar cells and kidney proximal and distal tubule cells at early time intervals revealed that the silver grains were restricted to Golgi saccules. These observations are interpreted to mean that glycoproteins undergoing synthesis incorporate fucose in the saccules of the Golgi apparatus. Since fucose occurs as a terminal residue in the carbohydrate side chains of glycoproteins, the Golgi saccules would be the site of completion of synthesis of these side chains. At later time intervals, light and electron microscope radioautography demonstrated a decrease in the reaction intensity of the Golgi region, while reactions appeared over other parts of the cells: lysosomes, secretory material, and plasma membrane. The intensity of the reactions observed over the plasma membrane varied considerably in various cell types; furthermore the reactions were restricted to the apical surface in some types, but extended to the whole surface in others. Since the plasma membrane is covered by a "cell coat" composed of the carbohydrate-rich portions of membrane glycoproteins, it is concluded that newly formed glycoproteins, after acquiring fucose in the Golgi apparatus, migrate to the cell surface to contribute to the cell coat. This contribution implies turnover of cell coat glycoproteins, at least in nonrenewing cell types, such as those of kidney tubules. In the young cells of renewing populations, e.g. those of gastro-intestinal epithelia, the new glycoproteins seem to contribute to the growth as well as the turnover of the cell coat. The differences in reactivity among different cell types and cell surfaces imply considerable differences in the turnover rates of the cell coats.

Memoirs: Cytology of Human Uterine Glands in Gravid and Mon-Gravid Phases

1941 ◽  
Vol s2-82 (328) ◽  
pp. 541-562
Author(s):  
OLIVE E. AYKROYD ◽  
J. BRONTË GATENBY
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Secretory Cell ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Pregnancy Test ◽  
Proliferative Phase ◽  
Uterine Glands ◽  
Columnar Cells

1. After menstruation the basalis regions of the uterine glands alone persist. The columnar cells evacuate most of their granular contents, and the Golgi apparatus loosens out and breaks up. Text-fig. 3 A.) 2. The postmenstrual cells are cubical limpid cells, with a Golgi apparatus consisting of a few granules arranged in a line. Text-fig. 3 B.) 3. In the proliferative phase the Golgi apparatus re-forms and grows into a characteristic net. The cells become columnar. No marked aggregation of granules has as yet occurred. 4. In the progravid phase, the cells become cubical, the Golgi apparatus spreads, and a marked aggregation of fat and glycogen appears at the inner pole of each cell. (Text-fig. 3 C.) 5. Should pregnancy supervene, the cells secrete numerous ovoid (proteid) granules at their outer poles (Text-fig. 3 D). These granules are topographically related to the outer edge of the Golgi apparatus. 6. The presence of the granules in any specimen of curetting reveals that it has been recovered from a case of interrupted pregnancy. Exceptions to this might be those which are known to hold for the Ascheim-Zondek pregnancy test. 7. The uterine glands contain only one type of secretory cell which may be ciliated or non-ciliated.

Relation of the Golgi apparatus to the cell coat in amoebae

1970 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.E. Wise ◽  
C.J. Flickinger
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Cell Coat

scholarly journals DETECTION OF COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES IN THE GOLGI APPARATUS OF RAT CELLS

1969 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rambourg ◽  
W. Hernandez ◽  
C. P. Leblond
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Cell Coat ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff

Two methods used for the electron microscopic detection of glycoproteins were applied to a variety of cell types in the rat; one involved successive treatment of sections with periodic acid, chromic acid, and silver methenamine; and the other, a brief treatment with a chromic acid-phosphotungstic acid mixture. The results obtained with the two methods were identical and, whenever the comparison was possible, similar to those obtained with the periodic acid-Schiff technique of light microscopy. In secretory as well as in nonsecretory cells, parts of the Golgi apparatus are stained. The last saccule on one side of each Golgi stack is strongly reactive (mature face), and the last saccule on the other side shows little or no reactivity (immature face); a gradient of reactivity occurs in between these saccules. The more likely explanation of the increase in staining intensity is that carbohydrate is synthesized and accumulates in saccules as they migrate toward the mature face. In many secretory cells, the mature face is associated with strongly stained secretory granules. Other structures stained are: (1) small vesicles, dense and multivesicular bodies, at least some of which are presumed to be lysosomal in nature; (2) cell coat; and (3) basement membrane. The evidence suggests that the Golgi saccules provide glycoproteins not only for secretion, but also for the needs of the lysosomal system as well as for incorporation into the cell coat and perhaps basement membrane.

Relationship between golgi apparatus and axonal reticulum in sympathetic ganglion cells

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 598-599
Author(s):  
J. Quatacker ◽  
W. De Potter
Keyword(s):  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglion ◽  
Phosphotungstic Acid ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Dense Core ◽  
Dense Core Vesicles ◽  
Large Dense Core Vesicles ◽  
Cervical Ganglia ◽  
Axoplasmic Reticulum

Mucopolysaccharides have been demonstrated biochemically in catecholamine-containing subcellular particles in different rat, cat and ox tissues. As catecholamine-containing granules seem to arise from the Golgi apparatus and some also from the axoplasmic reticulum we examined wether carbohydrate macromolecules could be detected in the small and large dense core vesicles and in structures related to them. To this purpose superior cervical ganglia and irises from rabbit and cat and coeliac ganglia and their axons from dog were subjected to the chromaffin reaction to show the distribution of catecholamine-containing granules. Some material was also embedded in glycolmethacrylate (GMA) and stained with phosphotungstic acid (PTA) at low pH for the detection of carbohydrate macromolecules.The chromaffin reaction in the perikarya reveals mainly large dense core vesicles, but in the axon hillock, the axons and the terminals, the small dense core vesicles are more prominent. In the axons the small granules are sometimes seen inside a reticular network (fig. 1).

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