scholarly journals Lysosomes relax in the cellular suburbs

2016 ◽  
Vol 212 (6) ◽  
pp. 617-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swetha Gowrishankar ◽  
Shawn M. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Cellular Homeostasis ◽  
Lysosomal Ph ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Functional Implications ◽  
Degradative Ability

Lysosomes support cellular homeostasis by degrading macromolecules and recycling nutrients. In this issue, Johnson et al. (2016. J. Cell Biol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201507112) reveal a heterogeneity in lysosomal pH and degradative ability that correlates with lysosome subcellular localization, raising questions about the functional implications and mechanisms underlying these observations.

scholarly journals ULK1 cycling: The ups and downs of the autophagy response

2016 ◽  
Vol 215 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan G. Zhao ◽  
Hong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Proteasomal Degradation ◽  
Nutrient Starvation ◽  
Cellular Homeostasis ◽  
Prolonged Starvation ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
De Novo Protein Synthesis ◽  
Starvation Conditions

The Ser/Thr kinase ULK1/Atg1 controls autophagy initiation under nutrient starvation conditions. In this issue, Nazio et al. (2016. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201605089) demonstrate that oscillatory modulation of NEDD4L-mediated proteasomal degradation and mTOR-dependent de novo protein synthesis of ULK1 ensures the proper amplitude and duration of the autophagy response during prolonged starvation, thus maintaining cellular homeostasis.

scholarly journals Neurexin nanoclusters: A novel structure at presynaptic terminals

2019 ◽  
Vol 218 (8) ◽  
pp. 2442-2443
Author(s):  
Daichi Kawaguchi ◽  
Yukiko Gotoh
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Presynaptic Terminals ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Novel Structure ◽  
Synaptic Functions ◽  
Nanoscale Clusters

The trans-synaptic cell adhesion molecule neurexin regulates synaptic functions but its high-resolution subcellular localization and dynamics were unknown. Trotter et al. (2019. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201812076) describe previously unrecognized nanoscale clusters of neurexin-1 in presynaptic terminals and their regulation by ADAM10-mediated proteolysis.

scholarly journals The parkinsonism-associated protein FBXO7 cooperates with the BAG6 complex in proteasome function and controls the subcellular localization of the complex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Wang ◽  
Vanessa Crnković ◽  
Christian Preisinger ◽  
Judith Stegmüller
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Proteasome Activity ◽  
Cytoplasmic Localization ◽  
Cellular Homeostasis ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase Activity ◽  
F Box Protein

The regulation of proteasome activity is essential to cellular homeostasis and defects have been implicated in various disorders including Parkinson disease. The F-box protein FBXO7 has been implicated in early-onset parkinsonism and has previously been shown to have a regulatory role in proteasome activity and assembly. Here, we report the association of the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXO7-SCF (SKP1, cullin-1, F-box protein) with the BAG6 complex, consisting of the subunits BAG6, GET4 and UBL4A. We identify the subunit GET4 as a direct interactor of FBXO7 and we show that the subunits GET4 and UBL4A are required for proper proteasome activity. Our findings demonstrate reduced binding of FBXO7 variants to GET4 and that FBXO7 variants bring about reduced proteasome activity. In addition, we find that GET4 is a non-proteolytic substrate of FBXO7, that binding of GET4 to BAG6 is enhanced in the presence of active FBXO7-SCF and that the cytoplasmic localization of the BAG6 complex is dependent on the E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Taken together, our study shows that the parkinsonism-associated FBXO7 cooperates with the BAG6 complex in proteasome function and determines the subcellular localization of this complex.

scholarly journals Neuronal activity moves protein palmitoylation into the synapse

2009 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Dalva
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Large Class ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Lipid Modification ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Protein Palmitoylation ◽  
Neuronal Proteins ◽  
Specific Proteins

Many neuronal proteins undergo lipid modification that regulates their function and subcellular localization. One such modification is palmitoylation, which is mediated by a large class of protein palmitoyl acyltransferases (PATs). Now, a paper in this issue (Noritake et al. 2009. J. Cell Biol. doi:10.1083/jcb.200903101) demonstrates that the localization of the PAT DHHC2 is regulated by neuronal activity and thereby selectively controls the palmitoylation and subsequent accumulation of specific proteins in the synapse.

scholarly journals Mitophagy is induced by short ubiquitin chains on mitochondria

2020 ◽  
Vol 219 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiyo Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cellular Homeostasis ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Novel Complex

Mitophagy has a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by removing damaged mitochondria. In this issue, Yamano et al. (2020. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201912144) uncover that a novel complex of the autophagy adaptor optineurin and the membrane protein ATG9A specifically regulate ubiquitin-induced mitophagy.

scholarly journals Functional Implications of Altered Subcellular Localization of PELP1 in Breast Cancer Cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 65 (17) ◽  
pp. 7724-7732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna K. Vadlamudi ◽  
Bramanandam Manavathi ◽  
Seetharaman Balasenthil ◽  
Sujit S. Nair ◽  
Zhibo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Functional Implications

Expression pattern, subcellular localization, and functional implications of ODAM in ameloblasts, odontoblasts, osteoblasts, and various cancer cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 102-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Kyung Lee ◽  
Su-Jin Park ◽  
Hyun-Jung Oh ◽  
Jung-Wook Kim ◽  
Hyun-Sook Bae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Functional Implications
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