The spatial knowledge of retail decision makers: capturing and interpreting group insight using a composite cognitive map

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Clarke ◽  
Masahide Horita ◽  
William MacKaness
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Decision Makers

Differences in Spatial Knowledge of Individuals With Blindness When Using Audiotactile Maps, Using Tactile Maps, and Walking

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Papadopoulos ◽  
Marialena Barouti ◽  
Eleni Koustriava
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Spatial Coding ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Tactile Maps ◽  
Experimental Trials ◽  
Blind Individuals

To examine how individuals with visual impairments understand space and the way they develop cognitive maps, we studied the differences in cognitive maps resulting from different methods and tools for spatial coding in large geographical spaces. We examined the ability of 21 blind individuals to create cognitive maps of routes in unfamiliar areas using (a) audiotactile maps, (b) tactile maps, and (c) direct experience of movement along the routes. We also compared participants’ cognitive maps created with the use of audiotactile maps, tactile maps, and independent movement along the routes with regard to their precision (i.e., the correctness or incorrectness of spatial information location) and inclusiveness (i.e., the amount of spatial information included correctly in the cognitive map). The results of the experimental trials demonstrated that becoming familiar with an area is easier for blind individuals when they use a tactile aide, such as an audiotactile map, as compared with walking along the route.

scholarly journals Curiosity, latent learning, and cognitive maps

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Zhe Wang ◽  
Benjamin Y. Hayden
Keyword(s):  
Value Of Information ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Latent Learning ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Information Availability ◽  
New Information ◽  
Flexible Behavior

ABSTRACTCuriosity refers to a desire for information that is not driven by immediate strategic or instrumental concerns. Latent earning refers to a form of learning that is not directly driven by standard reinforcement learning processes. We propose that curiosity serves the purpose of motivating latent learning. Thus, while latent learning is often treated as an incidental or passive process, in practice it most often reflects a strong evolved pressure to consume large amounts of information. That large volume of information in turn allows curious decision makers to generate sophisticated representations of the structure of their environment, known as cognitive maps. Cognitive maps facilitate adaptive and flexible behavior while maintaining its adaptivity and flexibility via map updates based on new information. Here we describe data supporting the idea that orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) play complementary roles in curiosity-driven learning. Specifically, we propose that (1) OFC tracks the innate value of information and incorporates new information into a detailed cognitive map; and (2) dACC tracks the environmental demands and information availability to then use the cognitive map for guiding behavior.

How Will Route Guidance Information Affect Cognitive Maps?

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Driving Ability ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Route Guidance ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Guidance Information ◽  
Better Than

This paper considers the effect of receiving a secondary source of information upon ability to acquire and use spatial knowledge (i.e. the formation of a cognitive map). Participants watch videos of three journeys through an unfamiliar area. They then perform tasks measuring ability to integrate the routes into a cognitive map of the area. Subjects viewing the routes whilst hearing route guidance information performed consistently worse than those receiving no guidance. The presence of non-salient information, however, did not impair performance.Existing studies highlighting differences between gender and age groups regarding spatial ability receive only partial support: the results suggest that ability to drive negates these effects. Female drivers perform as well as, if not better than, their male counterparts, and outperform male non-drivers. This same ‘driving’ effect was also evident in the over-55s group, with both male and female drivers performing significantly better than non-drivers in this age group. The results also show that driving ability enhances ability to cope with and use guidance information, suggesting that systems’ designers should make varying levels of spatial information available for less experienced drivers.

scholarly journals ANALYZING THE DETERMINANTS OF E-COMMERCE IN SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES: A COGNITION-DRIVEN FRAMEWORK

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo M. R. Barroso ◽  
Fernando A. F. Ferreira ◽  
Ieva Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė ◽  
Nerija Banaitienė ◽  
Pedro F. Falcão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Fuzzy Cognitive Map ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Operational Management ◽  
Electronic Channels

The increasing use of information technology in enterprises’ daily operations has led to multiple innovative ways to run a business, including electronic commerce (hereafter, e-commerce). However, firms with fewer resources, such as small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), are more reluctant to use electronic channels during transactions. This aversion to contemporary business models is a result of these companies’ lack of knowledge and capabilities regarding e-commerce. To improve their businesses, SMEs’ managers and decision makers could benefit from a methodological framework that fosters a deeper understanding of the determinants of e-commerce. This study sought to explore the use of fuzzy cognitive mapping to address this need. The results are grounded in the knowledge and experience of a panel of experts in e-commerce. The fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) developed shows that entrepreneur profile, market, operational management, marketing and promotions, website and digital platform, and products present the highest centrality indices as determinants of SME e-commerce. The findings offer a better understanding of the cause-and-effect relationships between these determinants. The advantages, limitations, and shortcomings of our constructivist proposal are also discussed.

scholarly journals Design Verification of an Optimized Wayfinding Map in a Station

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Meng-Cong Zheng ◽  
Ken-Tzu Chang
Keyword(s):  
Route Planning ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Design Verification ◽  
Actual Environment ◽  
Action Strategies ◽  
Planning Strategies ◽  
Railway Passenger ◽  
Main Station ◽  
Route Descriptions

Passengers were unsatisfied with the navigation signs in Taipei station based on the Report on the Taiwan Railway Passenger Survey. This study conducted two experiments. Experiment 1 involved 14 participants using the present Taipei Main Station floor map to wayfinding, plan routes, and provide route descriptions for four specified destinations in the station. All participants were requested to recall the route that had just been taken and draw a cognitive map. In Experiment 2, 14 other participants were asked to perform the same tasks as Experiment 1 but with the new map. This study’s results showed that the codes used by the participants in Experiment 1 revealed the differences in walking route distance and number of turns. Escalators and stairs that connected floors were often used as reference landmarks for wayfinding. In Experiment 2, the overall wayfinding performance of the participants was improved by using the new map. The wayfinding time was reduced and the time spent in wayfinding among users was more uniform, and their route planning strategies used became consistent. The new map that facilitates consistent action strategies among users and corresponds perfectly to the actual environment is able to create useful spatial knowledge for users.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE DIRECT TRANSITION FROM GEOINFORMATION TO GEOSCIENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-90
Author(s):  
Evgenii S. Antonov ◽  
◽  
Dmitry V. Lisitsky ◽  
Svetlana S. Yankelevich ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Technological Scheme ◽  
Formation Model ◽  
Direct Transition ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Cognitive Space ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Spatial Problems

The article discusses new approaches to the creation and use of geoscience and the associated geo-cognitive space. It uses the formal-logical tools for the set-theoretic representation of the studied pro-cess of transition from geoinformation to geoscience. It introduces and defines new concepts for a generalized set-theoretic representation of the process of converting geoinformation about the territory and objects located on it into geoscience, focused on solving specific spatial problems using the geoin-formation model of the area or the map. The article presents an enlarged technological scheme for cre-ating a geo-cognitive map. It also presents one of the possible solutions to the problem of forming geo-spatial knowledge and creating a geocognitive map on this basis by a direct transition from geoinfor-mation to knowledge.

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