Absidia corymbifera. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sarbhoy
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Airborne Spores ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Absidia Corymbifera ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Characteristic Component ◽  
Farm Buildings ◽  
P 53

Abstract A description is provided for Absidia corymbifera. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A common saprophyte in soil, compost and vegetable debris but also pathogenic for man and warm-blooded animals (causing mycoses). DISEASES: This species is a common cause of phycomycosis (syn. 'mucormycosis'). Infection in man may involve the central nervous system (RMVM 1, 341), ear (1, 473) or lung (5, 159); see also Dodge (1936), p. 112; Emmons et al. (1963), p. 194. In cattle it is a cause of mycotic abortion (Ainsworth & Austwick (1959), p. 53; 4, 507) and has been recorded in the rumen (4, 1850), causing abomasal ulcers (Gitter & Austwick, 1959) and also lymph node infection (3, 134). In the guineapig, A. corymbifera can cause an enlargement of the lymph nodes which simulates pseudotuberculosis (2, 1721; Ainsworth & Austwick (1959), p. 48). Infection of mink, fowl (Ainsworth & Austwick (1959), pp. 48-49) and the pig (3, 1249) have been recorded, as has experimental infection of mice (2, 1917). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide. TRANSMISSION: Infection occurs from airborne spores which are a characteristic component of the airspora of farm buildings.

Absidia ramosa. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sarbhoy
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Airborne Spores ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Human Ear ◽  
Characteristic Component ◽  
Farm Buildings ◽  
P 53

Abstract A description is provided for Absidia ramosa. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A common saprophyte in soil, compost, and vegetable debris but also pathogenic for man and warm-blooded animals (causing mycoses). DISEASES: This species is a common cause of phycomycosis (syn. mucormycosis). It has been recorded from the human ear, the horse (nose) and swine (generalized infection); see Dodge (1936, p. 113). In cattle it is a cause of mycotic abortion (Ainsworth & Austwick, 1959, p. 53) and has been recorded from the rumen (RMVM 4, 1850) and causing abomasal ulcers (Gitter & Austwick, 1957). Infection of the guineapig results in an enlargement of the lymph nodes which simulates pseudotuberculosis (2, 1721; Ainsworth & Austwick, 1959, p. 48). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide. TRANSMISSION: Infection occurs from airborne spores which are a characteristic component of the airspora of farm buildings.

Aspergillus sydowii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kozakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Cotton Yarn ◽  
Aspergillus Sydowii ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract A description is provided for Aspergillus sydowii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Primarily a soil species (DOMSCH et al., 1980), but also isolated from other substrata, including wallpaper, talc, paint and cotton yarn (CABI BIOSCIENCE, 1999). DISEASE: On man isolated from keratomycosis (mycoses), bones, joints, lungs and the central nervous system (SMITH, 1989). In addition it has been isolated from onychomycosis (SUMMERBELL et al., 1989), from AIDS patients (NEVES et al., 1998) and as component of hospital air mycoflora (GOODLEY et al., 1994). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide.

Malformation of the Brain, Skull, and Spine

2021 ◽  
pp. 1057-1070
Author(s):  
Lily C. Wong-Kisiel
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Genetic Causes ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Central Nervous System Malformation

Abnormal development of the central nervous system is a common cause of developmental delay and epilepsy. An understanding of central nervous system malformation begins with an overview of normal embryology. Genetic advances in embryogenesis have unfolded a complex orchestration of gene expressions in place of the traditional developmental epochs (induction, neurulation, proliferation, migration, organization, synaptogenesis, and myelination). Causes of malformation of the central nervous system are multifactorial. Genetic causes, vitamin excess or deficiency, infections, or teratogens any time during pregnancy may disturb the preprogrammed mechanisms.

Filobasidiella neoformans. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Joo Kwon-Chung
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Bird Droppings ◽  
Uncommon Disease ◽  
Facial Numbness ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract A description is provided for Filobasidiella neoformans. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Bird droppings, particularly pigeon droppings, and soil contaminated with droppings are the best known source of F. neoformans in the environment. In addition to man, naturally-acquired infections have been recorded in the baboon, buffalo, cat, cattle, cheetah, civet, dog, fennec, ferret, fox, goat, guineapig, horse, koala, mink, monkeys, mouse, ox, peccary, pig, hare and sheep (causing mycoses). Experimental infection can be regularly produced in laboratory animals, mice being the animals of choice for most experimental work. DISEASE: Cryptococcosis (torulosis, European blastomycosis, Busse-Buschke's disease). This is a subacute or chronic pulmonary disease with a marked tendency to spread to the brain and sometimes other organs. The pulmonary form is usually transitory, mild and unrecognized. Cutaneous, skeletal and visceral lesions may occur during dissemination of the disease. Involvement of the central nervous system with meningoencephalitis is both the most common localization and the most common cause of death from the disease. Cryptococcosis of the central nervous system is invariably fatal unless treated. The symptoms of central nervous system Cryptococcosis are headache, nausea, dizziness, impaired memory, irritability, lethargy, ataxia and sometimes nuchal rigidity. Fever is low grade or absent. If the cranial nerves are involved, the patient may experience facial numbness or weakness or diplopia. The duration of the disease varies from a few weeks to 15 or 20 years. In cattle, cryptococcal mastitis is a not uncommon disease. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide.

Aspergillus flavus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Kozakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Corn Borers ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
Subtropical Species

Abstract A description is provided for Aspergillus flavus. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Found in soils, decaying vegetation, cereals, nuts, spices, etc. (Kozakiewicz, 1994). DISEASES: On insects: Frequently found on corn earworms, corn borers (Domsch et al., 1980), bee larvae, locusts, termites, insect scales etc (IMI, 1992). On man: Causes invasive lesions of the orbit, particularly in hot, dry geographic regions. It has also been isolated from human skin, nails, bones, the central nervous system and lungs (Smith, 1989). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide, but it is predominantly a tropical and subtropical species.

ENVIRONMENTAL RETARDATION (HOSPITALISM) IN INFANTS LIVING IN FAMILIES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-292
Author(s):  
Rose W. Coleman ◽  
Sally Provence
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Maternal Deprivation ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

Case reports of two infants reared in their own families who became retarded developmentally due to inadequate maternal care are presented. Maternal deprivation is one of the causes of retarded development in infancy. The presence of the syndrome in family infants requires emphasis and wider recognition. The differential diagnosis includes retardation due to 1) central nervous system lesions, 2) secondary to acute or chronic involvement of organ systems other than the central nervous system, and 3) accompanying infantile psychosis. Diagnosis is made on history, physical examination, developmental tests and response to therapy. While not a common cause of retardation, its recognition is of importance because prognosis for future development is good if appropriate therapeutic measures can be instituted.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis of Painful Diabetic Neuropathy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Aslam ◽  
Jaipaul Singh ◽  
Satyan Rajbhandari
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Painful Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The prevalence of diabetes is rising globally and, as a result, its associated complications are also rising. Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a well-known complication of diabetes and the most common cause of all neuropathic pain. About one-third of all diabetes patients suffer from PDN. It has a huge effect on a person’s daily life, both physically and mentally. Despite huge advances in diabetes and neurology, the exact mechanism of pain causation in PDN is still not clear. The origin of pain could be in the peripheral nerves of the central nervous system. In this review, we discuss various possible mechanisms of the pathogenesis of pain in PDN. We discuss the role of hyperglycaemia in altering the physiology of peripheral nerves. We also describe central mechanisms of pain.

Pathologic Factors and Spectrum of Central Nervous System Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 531-539
Author(s):  
Claudia F. Lucchinetti ◽  
Yong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Autoreactive T Cells ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common cause of nontraumatic disability in young adults. It is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Traditionally, MS has been considered an autoimmune disorder consisting of myelin autoreactive T cells that drive an inflammatory process, leading to secondary macrophage recruitment and subsequent myelin destruction. However, accumulating data based on increasing numbers of probes that can be effectively applied to MS tissue have indicated that the events involved in the immunopathogenesis of MS may be more complicated.

Mucor pusillus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sarbhoy
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Harp Seal ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Rhizomucor Pusillus ◽  
P 53

Abstract A description is provided for Mucor pusillus[Rhizomucor pusillus]. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Common on stored grain and in soil, etc. and also pathogenic for man and animals (causing mycoses). DISEASES: A cause of phycomycosis (syn. 'mucormycosis') in man and animals. Infection of the human lung (RMVM 2, 690), eye (as Absidia cornealis Dodge (1936), p. 114) and ear (Dodge (1936), p. 111) have been recorded. Gitter & Austwick (1957) recorded M. pusillus associated with bovine abomasal ulcers and it is also a cause of mycotic abortion (Ainsworth & Austwick, 1959, p. 53), Austwick & Venn (4, 1506)). There are also published records of infection of the horse and the pig (see Ainsworth & Austwick, pp. 48, 50) and the harp seal (3, 1664). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne spores.

Absidia corymbifera. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Lunn
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Absidia Corymbifera ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues

Abstract A description is provided for Absidia corymbifera. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A common saprophyte found in air, soil, compost and vegetable debris; pathogenic for man and other warmblooded animals. DISEASE: This is the most commonly reported cause of phycomycosis in man and other warm-blooded animals (causing mycoses). It has been recorded from infections of most organs of the body, including the alimentary tract, brain, kidneys, lungs, lymph nodes, orbit, sinus, subcutaneous tissues of various hosts. The host range includes man, cattle (RMVM 9, 986), dog (RMVM 7, 215, 216), flamingo (RMVM 6, 1575), fowl, guineapig (RMVM 2, 1721), mink (Ainsworth & Austwick, 1973), okapi (RMVM 6, 575), penguin, pig (RMVM 11, 407), rabbit, reindeer and roedeer. It also causes mycotic abortion and mastitis in cattle. It has been used in studies on experimental phycomycosis in mice (RMVM 11, 954, 1560) and rabbits (RMVM 7, 2628). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne sporangiospores.

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