Microsporum distortum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Stockdale
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New South ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Usual Symptom ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bright Green ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Scalp Lesions

Abstract A description is provided for Microsporum distortum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Recorded on man, monkey, dog and horse. Some human infections have been in children with a history of contact with cats with skin lesions but these animals were not examined by culture. Rats, guineapigs, rabbits and cats have been experimentally infected. DISEASE: Ringworm (dermatophytosis tinea). Similar to M. canis infections. Infected hairs fluoresce pale to bright green under Wood's light and are encrusted with ectothrix sheaths of small spores in a mosaic arrangement. In man, the scalp (tinea capitis) and glabrous skin (tinea corporis) may be infected. Most reported infections have been in children under 7 years old. Scalp lesions have been reported only in children, and usually consist of scaling patches of alopecia, with some erythema at the margin. Skin lesions are usually small, circular, with erythematous borders and dry, scaling centres. In animals scaling patches of alopecia are the usual symptom. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia (New South Wales), New Zealand (apparently restricted to Otago), U.S.A. (Iowa, Ga). All cases reported from U.S.A. have been in pet monkeys probably recently imported from Central America, and in humans and dogs which had been in contact with the monkeys.

Microsporum audouinii. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Stockdale
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Tinea Capitis ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Glabrous Skin ◽  
French West Africa ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Microsporum Audouinii ◽  
Bright Green ◽  
Scalp Lesions

Abstract A description is provided for Microsporum audouinii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Primarily a pathogen of man. Also recorded on the dog, gibbon, guineapig and monkey. Most strains are not pathogenic for experimental animals. DISEASE: Ringworm (dermatophytosis, tinea). Infected hairs usually fluoresce bright green under Wood's light and are surrounded by an ectothrix sheath of small spores in a mosaic arrangement. In man, the scalp (tinea capitis) and less frequently the glabrous skin (tinea corporis) may be infected. Children are most susceptible, and in adults infection is usually confined to the glabrous skin, although a few scalp infections have been reported. Rothman et al. (RMVM 1, 614) noted that fatty acids from adult hair fat inhibited M. audouinii in vitro and suggested that this was the reason for lower incidence of infection in adults, but Kligman & Grinsberg (RMVM 1, 1800) found that adult sebum was not more fungistatic than that of children. Scalp lesions are usually circular, scaling areas of alopecia and, in contrast to M. cants infections, there is generally very little inflammatory reaction. Skin lesions are usually circulate scaling areas with clearing centres. Kligman (RMVM 1, 2510; 2, 2484) studied the pathogenesis of tinea capitis due to M. audouinii. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Algeria, Chad Republic, Cameroons, Congo, Egypt, French West Africa, Guinea Republic, Madagascar, Morocco, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa, Tunisia); Asia (India, Java, Palestine, Persia, Turkey), Australasia & Oceania (Australia (New South Wales, Western Australia), New Zealand), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain and Ireland, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, U.S.S.R., Yugoslavia), North America (Canada, U.S.A.), Central America and West Indies (Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico); South America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Venezuela).

Phyllachora setariicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
New South ◽  
Digitaria Sanguinalis ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Water Splash ◽  
Tar Spot ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract A description is provided for Phyllachora setariicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Alloteropsis semialata (syn. Axonopus semialatus), Cyrtococcum patens, Digitaria sanguinalis, Guadua latifolia, Melinis sp., Oplismenus aemulus, O. burmannii, O. compositus, O. flaccidus, O. hirtellus, O. humboldtianus, O. imbecilis, O. setarius, O. undulatifolius, Panicum carinatum, P. hians, P. leucophaeum, P. longifolium, P. maximum, P. nepalense, P. plicatum, P. pygmaeum, P. sanguinolentum, P. sciurotes, P. sulcatum, Paspalum conjugatum, P. orbiculare, P. saccharoides, Pennisetum clandestinum, P. distachyum,? Phalaris sp., Setaria chevalieri, S. italica, S.? kagerensis, S. palmifolia, S. plicatilis, S. sphacelata var. aurea (syn. S. aurea), Setaria sulcata, Urochloa trichopus, Valota laxa (Gramineae). DISEASE: Tar spot of grasses. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widely distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics. AFRICA: Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, Somalia, South Africa, Zaire. NORTH AMERICA: USA (Alabama, New Jersey). CENTRAL AMERICA: Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Panama, Puerto Rico, Trinidad & Tobago. SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay. ASIA: China (Guangdong), India (Kerala), Indonesia, Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan. AUSTRALASIA: Australia (New South Wales, Queensland), New Caledonia. TRANSMISSION: Not studied in detail, but morphological features agree with those of relatives which have been shown to disperse ascospores actively via air currents, possibly with secondary dispersal via water splash.

Nannizzia gypsea. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1965 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Stockdale
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Tinea Capitis ◽  
New South ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Cook Island ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Infected Skin

Abstract A description is provided for Nannizzia gypsea. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Recorded only from man (but see NOTES). Guinea-pigs have been experimentally infected. DISEASE: Ringworm (dermatophytosis, tinea). Nannizzia gypsea is apparently widespread in soil and only rarely pathogenic. The scalp (tinea capitis) and glabrous skin (tinea corporis) may be infected. Skin lesions are inflammatory, but details of only two scalp infections are known. In both the lesions were inflammatory; in one favus-like crusts were also found and in the other hair invasion was of the large-spored ectothrix type. In experimental inoculations of guineapigs (Rdzanek, pers. comm.) N. gypsea was slightly more virulent than N. incurvata and N. fulva, the reaction varying from negative to strongly inflammatory, a few ectothrix hyphae breaking up into arthrospores were seen on some hairs, and infected hairs did not fluoresce under Wood's light. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (Japan), Australasia and Oceania (Australia (New South Wales), New Zealand, Raratonga, Cook Island), Europe (France, Great Britain, Italy); North America (Tenn.). Probably of world-wide distribution in the soil.

Diplodia macrospora. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
New South ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
White Mould ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
South Wales ◽  
North Borneo

Abstract A description is provided for Diplodia macrospora[Stenocarpella macrospora]. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Zea mays. DISEASE: Dry rot of ears and stalks of maize. Badly diseased ears become shrivelled with the husks glued to the kernels by a white mould. Frequently associated with leaf lesions which are oval or irregular, elongate, single or confluent, pale cream brown with an indeterminate darker border, 1-10 cm long. Pycnidia are amphigenous when foliicolous. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Dahomey, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Malawi, Nigeria, Rhodesia, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togoland, Zambia); Asia (North Borneo, Philippines); Australasia (New South Wales, Queensland); Europe (Rumania); North America (United States); Central America and Caribbean (Jamaica), South America (? Argentina, Brazil). (CMI Map 227, ed. 2, 1958) TRANSMISSION: Seed and soil borne (Noble et al., An annotated list of seed-borne diseases, p. 76, 1958).

Xanthomonas begoniae. [Distribution map].

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
New South ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Xanthomonas begoniae (Takimoto) Dowson. Hosts: Begonia. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, India (Maharashtra), Iran, Japan, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Australia (New South Wales, W. Aust), New Zealand, EUROPE, Belgium, Britain, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Portugal, NORTH AMERICA, Canada (general), USA (general), CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, St. Vincent, SOUTH AMERICA, Brazil.

Phytophthora heveae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jean Stamps
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New South ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Brazil Nut ◽  
Black Stripe ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Pear Disease ◽  
Trunk Canker

Abstract A description is provided for Phytophthora heveae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Hevea rubber, cacao, Brazil nut, Agathis australis, guava, mango, avocado pear. DISEASE: Pod rot and black stripe of rubber; pod rot of cacao; leaf blight of Brazil nut; avocado pear trunk canker. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (Malaysia, India); Australia (Queensland, New South Wales); New Zealand; Papua New Guinea; North America (USA); Central America (Guatemala); South America (Brazil). (CMI Map 428, ed. 1, 1967). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne. Isolated from forest soils (44, 1944); soil in rubber plantation (49, 2165); in Agathis australis stand (54, 3493); in Eucalyptus plantation (55, 4876).

Pseudomonas rubrisubalbicans. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Bradbury
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New South ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
South Wales

Abstract A description is provided for Pseudomonas rubrisubalbicans. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Saccharum officinarum; also produces a limited amount of infection when inoculated into Sorghum halepense and S. vulgare but, unlike P. rubrilincans, it does not affect Zea mays. DISEASE: Mottled stripe of sugarcane. Stripes are paler than those of red stripe disease, speckled and often fewer per leaf. No top rot occurs. Of minor economic importance. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Apparently less widespread than P. rubrilineans. Reported in Africa (Madagascar, Mauritius, Nigeria, Reunion, Tanzania), Asia (Ceylon), Australasia (Fiji, New South Wales, Queensland), Europe (Italy), North America (U.S.A.), Central America (Barbados, Guadelope, Jamaica, Martinique, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico), South America (Brazil, Colombia, Peru). (CMI Map 337). TRANSMISSION: Wind and rain are thought to be the most important factors in spread within fields. It is introduced to new areas in diseased setts.

Phoma caricae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Punithalingam
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
New South ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Water Splash ◽  
Brownish Black ◽  
Visible Symptom ◽  
Dry Out

Abstract A description is provided for Phoma caricae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOST: Carica papaya. DISEASE: Black leathery rot of fruit, sunken bleached rot of young stems and leaf petioles and brown and white spot of leaves. On half-grown fruit the first visible symptom is a small circular water-soaked spot which slowly enlarges and darkens whilst the fruit is still immature but develops more rapidly as the plant tissues break colour. Within 2 weeks the lesion may reach 5 cm diam., become sunken and brownish-black in colour. On leaves, spots on both upper and lower surfaces are brown with a darker margin but gradually turn white as they dry out. On flowers the visible symptoms are brown decayed areas. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Mauritius, Rhodesia, Tanzania, Togo, Sudan, Zambia); Asia (India, Nepal, Thailand); Australasia & Oceania (Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, West Irian, Hawaii); Central America (Honduras); South America (Ecuador: Quito). TRANSMISSION: Probably by water splash and contact; infection through both wounded and unwounded surfaces (17, 627).

scholarly journals Latent profiles of early developmental vulnerabilities in a New South Wales child population at age 5 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 530-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa J Green ◽  
Stacy Tzoumakis ◽  
Kristin R Laurens ◽  
Kimberlie Dean ◽  
Maina Kariuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
New South ◽  
Criminal Offending ◽  
Parental History ◽  
South Wales ◽  
History Of

Objective: Detecting the early emergence of childhood risk for adult mental disorders may lead to interventions for reducing subsequent burden of these disorders. We set out to determine classes of children who may be at risk for later mental disorder on the basis of early patterns of development in a population cohort, and associated exposures gleaned from linked administrative records obtained within the New South Wales Child Development Study. Methods: Intergenerational records from government departments of health, education, justice and child protection were linked with the Australian Early Development Census for a state population cohort of 67,353 children approximately 5 years of age. We used binary data from 16 subdomains of the Australian Early Development Census to determine classes of children with shared patterns of Australian Early Development Census–defined vulnerability using latent class analysis. Covariates, which included demographic features (sex, socioeconomic status) and exposure to child maltreatment, parental mental illness, parental criminal offending and perinatal adversities (i.e. birth complications, smoking during pregnancy, low birth weight), were examined hierarchically within latent class analysis models. Results: Four classes were identified, reflecting putative risk states for mental disorders: (1) disrespectful and aggressive/hyperactive behaviour, labelled ‘misconduct risk’ ( N = 4368; 6.5%); (2) ‘pervasive risk’ ( N = 2668; 4.0%); (3) ‘mild generalised risk’ ( N = 7822; 11.6%); and (4) ‘no risk’ ( N = 52,495; 77.9%). The odds of membership in putative risk groups (relative to the no risk group) were greater among children from backgrounds of child maltreatment, parental history of mental illness, parental history of criminal offending, socioeconomic disadvantage and perinatal adversities, with distinguishable patterns of association for some covariates. Conclusion: Patterns of early childhood developmental vulnerabilities may provide useful indicators for particular mental disorder outcomes in later life, although their predictive utility in this respect remains to be established in longitudinal follow-up of the cohort.

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