scholarly journals Simulation of prospective phytosterol intake in Germany by novel functional foods

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolin Kuhlmann ◽  
Oliver Lindtner ◽  
Almut Bauch ◽  
Guido Ritter ◽  
Brigitte Woerner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Plant Sterol ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Serving Size

A blood cholesterol-lowering margarine containing plant sterolesters was the first functional food placed on the European food market pursuant to the regulation (EC) 258/97. In the following years nine further applicants submitted the request to add plant sterol compounds to dairy products, cheeses, bakery products, sausages, plant oils and other products. The European Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) declared a precautionary intake limit of 3 g plant sterols per d by multiple dietary sources. Using the consumption data of the German National Food Consumption Study, carried out from 1985 to 1988 with 23 209 participants, we hypothetically added 0·3–2 g plant sterols to usual daily servings of ten different food products, selected from the novel food applications. We calculated the prospective plant sterol intake regarding each kind of enriched food and by stepwise accumulation of different functional foods in three enrichment scenarios. Within our enrichment context we find a phytosterol intake satiation, if multiple plant sterol-enriched foods are eaten. An enrichment amount of 2 g plant sterols per proposed food serving size results in an intake maximum of 13 g/d.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Study of Plant Sterols Intake as a Basis for Designing Appropriate Plant Sterol-Enriched Food in Indonesia

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 452
Author(s):  
Drajat Martianto ◽  
Atikah Bararah ◽  
Nuri Andarwulan ◽  
Dominika Średnicka-Tober
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Plant Sterol ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of mortality in many low-income and middle-income countries, including Indonesia, with elevated blood cholesterol level being one of significant risk factors for this condition. The problem should be addressed by combining healthy lifestyle and diet, where functional foods having a cholesterol-lowering activity could play a significant role. A group of compounds that had been proven to show cholesterol-lowering ability are plant sterols. To develop more suitable functional foods that could substantially contribute to hypercholesterolemia prevention in Indonesian population, up-to-date data about plant sterols dietary intake are required, and were not available until this research was done. This study aimed to estimate daily plant sterols intake and to determine the consumption pattern of foods containing plant sterols in rural and urban area of Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. The research was conducted with a cross-sectional design, with 200 respondents. The study revealed that the level of plant sterols intake in Bogor reached on average 229.76 mg/day and was not significantly different between urban and rural area. Cereals, vegetables, and fruit products were the main food sources of plant sterols in both areas. In addition, a list of several surveyed food items possible to be enriched with plant sterols was developed within the study. These results provide baseline data to develop functional foods fortified with plant sterols suitable for the Indonesian needs and taste. However, further studies are needed to confirm efficacy and safety of introducing such phytosterol-enriched products into a habitual diet, especially considering possible long-term side effects of plant sterol treatment.

A healthy Diet rich in Carotenoids is effective in Maintaining normal Blood Carotenoid Levels during the Daily use of Plant Sterol-enriched Spreads

2002 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fady Y. Ntanios ◽  
Guus S. M. J. E. Duchateau
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Plant Sterol ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering

Blood cholesterol levels are affected by diet and in particular by the type and amount of fat intake. In recent years, vegetable oil spreads containing plant sterols/stanols (as their fatty acid esters) have been developed. Numerous clinical trials on spreads with added plant sterols/stanols have shown that they have much greater cholesterol-lowering properties than conventional vegetable oil spreads. Plant sterols decrease both dietary and biliary cholesterol absorption in the small intestine, with a consequential increase in excretion of cholesterol. It is also recognized that plant sterol/stanol-enriched, cholesterol-lowering spreads, if consumed regularly, may induce a 10–20% decrease in plasma carotenoids, adjusted for changes in plasma lipids. A 10–20% decrease in plasma carotenoids falls well within the seasonal variation observed in individuals. Our current understanding of the physiological functions of carotenoids does not indicate any health risk associated with the slight decrease in their blood levels due to the intake of plant sterol/stanol. The questions that have been raised, though, are how plant sterols/stanols affect plasma carotenoid levels, and in addition, what quantity of fruits and vegetables (the richest dietary sources of carotenoids) would have to be consumed to improve plasma carotenoid levels? The current mini-review covers the cholesterol-lowering effect of plant sterols, their mechanisms of action and effect on blood carotenoids, and concludes with the potential heath benefits of daily intake of plant sterol-enriched spreads.

Regulatory Aspects Related to Plant Sterol and Stanol Supplemented Foods

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Zawistowski ◽  
Peter Jones
Keyword(s):  
Plant Sterol ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Clinical Trial Data ◽  
Trial Data ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Regulatory Aspects ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
America South

Abstract This chapter reviews regulatory frameworks for plant sterol containing functional foods in various jurisdictions including Europe, North America, South America, Asia and, Australia/New Zealand. Included is a discussion on approval of plant sterols as novel food ingredients in some countries, as well as details on the type of health claims permitted in the marketing and sale of foods enriched with plant sterols within each jurisdiction. Based on the abundance of clinical trial data, many countries around the world have now approved the use of claims relating the cholesterol-lowering effect of plant sterols, further attesting to their value as functional food ingredients.

Cardiovascular Safety of Plant Sterol and Stanol Consumption

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guenther Silbernagel ◽  
Iris Baumgartner ◽  
Winfried März
Keyword(s):  
Plant Sterol ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Safety Issues

Abstract Plant sterols and stanols as components of functional foods are widely used for cholesterol lowering. The regular intake of these functional foods is associated with a decrease in low density lipoprotein cholesterol of about 10 % and an increase in plasma plant sterol or stanol concentrations by about a factor of 2. There is no doubt that a decrease in low density lipoprotein cholesterol is beneficial to cardiovascular health. However, due to the concomitant increase in circulating plant sterols safety issues associated with the intake of plant sterol containing functional foods have been raised. Herein, we will review and evaluate those arguments raised against the use of plant sterols and stanols.

Effects of Plant Sterol and Stanol Consumption on Blood Pressure and Endothelial Function

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 729-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sum Yu Pansy Yue ◽  
Todd C Rideout ◽  
Scott V Harding
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Plant Sterol ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Mechanistic Studies ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

Abstract The cholesterol lowering effects of plant sterols and stanols are a well-established complementary means by which to reduce blood cholesterol concentrations. The average reduction in LDL cholesterol concentrations is approximately –10% following a 28-day supplementation protocol. There is very little known regarding what, if any, effect plant sterols and stanols have on other cardiometabolic risk factors such as blood pressure and endothelial function. Here we review the available literature on this topic and attempt to draw conclusions regarding any benefit or risk for blood pressure and endothelial function linked to plant sterol and stanol supplementation. Generally there has been very little work focusing on changes in blood pressure or endothelial function following plant sterol or stanol intervention, but these factors have been measured in some cases as secondary outcomes. Overall, there is little evidence to support either positive or negative effects of plant sterol or stanol supplementation of blood pressure and the data surrounding endothelial function is quite inconclusive. This area of research would benefit from well controlled mechanistic studies in animals and primary interventions in humans which focus on ambulatory blood pressure, central blood pressure and endothelial function.

scholarly journals Awareness and Attitude towards Functional Dairy Products among Consumers in Western Province of Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1308-1314
Author(s):  
Narayana Mudiyanselage Nayana Kumari Narayana ◽  
Sanjeewa Fernando ◽  
Gangani Chandima Samaraweera
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The Status ◽  
Healthy Life Style ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Consumer Age

Functional foods are the foods that provide health benefits beyond the basic nutrition. Dairy products have a prominent position in the functional food market. However, market share for functional dairy products in Sri Lanka is low compared to most of the countries in the world. Awareness of consumers and attitude towards a healthy life is essential for market success of functional dairy products. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the status of awareness of and attitudes towards functional dairy products among consumers from Western Province of Sri Lanka. The study was conducted using a pre-tested structured questionnaire during June to November 2018, with the participation of 307 purposively selected consumers. Information on consumers’ tendency towards a healthy life style, awareness and perception on health benefits of functional foods and dairy products, confidence on different information sources etc. were recorded. SPSS statistical software package was used for the data analysis. The empirical findings showed that the consumers still concern about taste and cost rather than health when buying food products. Consumer age showed a significant (χ2=19.41, p

scholarly journals Consumption of plant sterols in Belgium: estimated intakes and sources of naturally occurring plant sterols and β-carotene

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 960-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Sioen ◽  
Christophe Matthys ◽  
Inge Huybrechts ◽  
John Van Camp ◽  
Stefaan De Henauw
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Plant Sterol ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Main Food ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Food Source ◽  
Β Carotene

The objective of the present study was to assess the intake of naturally occurring plant sterols and β-carotene via the overall diet of Belgian pre-school children and adults. Two different Belgian food consumption databases were used: (1) one with consumption data of pre-school children (2·5–6·5 years old) and (2) one with consumption data of adults ( ≥ 15 years old). These consumption data were combined with a newly developed database containing the plant sterol and β-carotene content in all relevant food items based on international food composition databases and scientific literature. The results show that Flemish pre-school children have a median plant sterol intake of 172 (interquartile range (IQR) = 47) and 184 (IQR = 52) mg/d for girls and boys, respectively. Their median β-carotene intake was 1857 (IQR = 1250) μg/d, without significant difference between girls and boys. Belgian women and men have a median plant sterol intake of 218 (IQR = 113) and 280 (IQR = 158) mg/d, respectively, and a median β-carotene intake of 2086 (IQR = 1254) μg/d (not significantly different between the sexes). The main food source of naturally occurring plant sterols was bread and other cereal products. For β-carotene, the main food source was vegetables.

Potential Pharmaceutical and Food Applications of Postbiotics: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 1576-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziz H. Rad ◽  
Amin Abbasi ◽  
Hossein S. Kafil ◽  
Khudaverdi Ganbarov
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Safe Product ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Bioactive Agents

In recent decades, functional foods with ingredients comprising probiotics, prebiotics and postbiotics have been gaining a lot of attention from scientists. Probiotics and postbiotics are usually applied in pharmaceutical formulations and/or commercial food-based products. These bioactive agents can be associated with host eukaryotic cells and have a key role in maintaining and restoring host health. The review describes the concept of postbiotics, their quality control and potential applications in pharmaceutical formulations and commercial food-based products for health promotion, prevention of disease and complementary treatment. Despite the effectiveness of probiotic products, researchers have introduced the concept of postbiotic to optimize their beneficial effects as well as to meet the needs of consumers to provide a safe product. The finding of recent studies suggests that postbiotics might be appropriate alternative agents for live probiotic cells and can be applied in medical, veterinary and food practice to prevent and to treat some diseases, promote animal health status and develop functional foods. Presently scientific literature confirms that postbiotics, as potential alternative agents, may have superiority in terms of safety relative to their parent live cells, and due to their unique characteristics in terms of clinical, technological and economical aspects, can be applied as promising tools in the drug and food industry for developing health benefits, and therapeutic aims.

scholarly journals Research Advances on Health Effects of Edible Artemisia Species and Some Sesquiterpene Lactones Constituents

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Antoaneta Trendafilova ◽  
Laila M. Moujir ◽  
Pedro M. C. Sousa ◽  
Ana M. L. Seca
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Artemisia Species

The genus Artemisia, often known collectively as “wormwood”, has aroused great interest in the scientific community, pharmaceutical and food industries, generating many studies on the most varied aspects of these plants. In this review, the most recent evidence on health effects of edible Artemisia species and some of its constituents are presented and discussed, based on studies published until 2020, available in the Scopus, Web of Sciences and PubMed databases, related to food applications, nutritional and sesquiterpene lactones composition, and their therapeutic effects supported by in vivo and clinical studies. The analysis of more than 300 selected articles highlights the beneficial effect on health and the high clinical relevance of several Artemisia species besides some sesquiterpene lactones constituents and their derivatives. From an integrated perspective, as it includes therapeutic and nutritional properties, without ignoring some adverse effects described in the literature, this review shows the great potential of Artemisia plants and some of their constituents as dietary supplements, functional foods and as the source of new, more efficient, and safe medicines. Despite all the benefits demonstrated, some gaps need to be filled, mainly related to the use of raw Artemisia extracts, such as its standardization and clinical trials on adverse effects and its health care efficacy.

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