scholarly journals The effect of wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) consumption on postprandial serum antioxidant status in human subjects

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin D. Kay ◽  
Bruce J. Holub
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Wild Blueberries ◽  
Wild Blueberry ◽  
Fat Meal

The aim of the present study was to determine whether the consumption of wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium), a concentrated source of non-nutritive antioxidant phytochemicals, would enhance postprandial serum antioxidant status in healthy human subjects. A single-blinded crossover study was performed in a group of eight middle-aged male subjects (38–54 years). Subjects consumed a high-fat meal and a control supplement followed 1 week later by the same high-fat meal supplemented with 100·0 g freeze-dried wild blueberry powder. Upon brachial vein catheterization, fasting and postprandial serum samples were taken sequentially and analysed for lipids and glucose and for serum antioxidant status. Serum antioxidant status was determined using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay and the total antioxidant status (TAS) assay. The wild-blueberry treatment was associated with a significant treatment effect as determined by the ORAC assay (water-soluble fraction ORACperchloric acid (PCA),P=0·04). Significant increases in serum antioxidant status above the controls were observed at 1 h (ORACPCA(8·5 % greater),P=0·02; TAS (4·5 % greater),P=0·05), and 4 h (ORACtotal(15·0 % greater),P=0·009; ORACacetone(16·0 % greater),P=0·007) post-consumption of the high-fat meal. In conclusion, the consumption of wild blueberries, a food source with highin vitroantioxidant properties, is associated with a diet-induced increase inex vivoserum antioxidant status. It has been suggested that increasing the antioxidant status of serum may result in the reduced risk of many chronic degenerative diseases.

scholarly journals Acute Freeze-Dried Mango Consumption With a High-Fat Meal has Minimal Effects on Postprandial Metabolism, Inflammation and Antioxidant Enzymes

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117863881986994
Author(s):  
Crystal O’Hara ◽  
Babajide Ojo ◽  
Sam R Emerson ◽  
Ashley J Simenson ◽  
Sandra Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Postprandial Metabolism ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Fat Meal

Objective: Postprandial fluxes in oxidative stress, inflammation, glucose, and lipids, particularly after a high-fat meal (HFM), have been implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study is to determine whether acute freeze-dried mango consumption modulates the postprandial response to an HFM. We hypothesized that the addition of mango, which is a rich source of many bioactive components, to an HFM would lower postprandial triglycerides, glucose, and inflammation, and increase antioxidant enzymes, compared to a standard HFM alone. Methods: In a randomized cross-over study, 24 healthy adult males (18-25 years old) consumed a typical American breakfast (670 kcal; 58% fat) with or without the freeze-dried mango pulp (50 g). Lipids, glucose, antioxidant enzymes, and inflammatory markers were assessed at baseline/fasting and 1, 2, and 4 hours after the HFM. Results: Addition of mango resulted in lower glucose (95.8 ± 4.4 mg/dL; P = .002) and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; 58.4 ± 2.7 mg/dL; P = .01) 1 hour post-HFM compared to control (glucose: 104.8 ± 5.4 mg/dL; HDL-C: 55.2 ± 2.3 mg/dL), although no differences were observed in triglycerides ( P = .88 for interaction). No significant meal × time interactions were detected in markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, P = .17; interleukin-6, P = .30) or antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, P = .77; glutathione peroxidase, P = .36; catalase, P = .32) in the postprandial period. Conclusions: When added to an HFM, acute mango consumption had modest beneficial effects on postprandial glucose and HDL-C responses, but did not alter triglyceride, inflammatory, or antioxidant enzymes.

scholarly journals Enhanced Microencapsulation of C-Phycocyanin from Arthrospira by Freeze-Drying with Different Wall Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanida Pan-utai ◽  
Siriluck Iamtham
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Wall Materials

Research background. C-phycocyanin (C-PC) as a water-soluble blue pigment was extracted from microalga Arthrospira. C-PC could be a good substitute for synthetic pigments with high antioxidant activity. However, C-PC is unstable due to sensitivity to temperature, light, pH, and oxygen; therefore applications of C-PC in food and other products are limited. Microencapsulation of C-PC using freeze-drying is a solution to this problem and is considered a suitable method for drying heat-sensitive pigment. Experimental approach. C-phycocyanin was extracted from Arthrospira platensis. C-phycocyanin microcapsules were modified by freeze-drying, with different ratios at 0-100 % of maltodextrin (MD) and gum Arabic (GA) used as microencapsulation wall materials. The powders produced were evaluated for physical properties including moisture content and water activity, solubility, hygroscopicity, bulk density, colour appearance, particle morphology and size distribution. Thermal stability and antioxidant activity of freeze-dried C-PC microencapsulated powders were also assessed. Results and conclusions. Freeze-dried C-PC microencapsulated powders with maltodextrin and gum Arabic as wall materials gave high encapsulation efficiency of around 99 %. At higher gum Arabic percentage, moisture content decreased and water activity improved. Maltodextrin gave higher solubility of C-PC powders whereas gum Arabic led to a similar colour of C-PC without microencapsulation. Freeze-dried C-PC microencapsulated powders were composed of different sized microparticles regardless of the combination of wall materials with amorphous glassy shapes. Thermal stability of encapsulated C-PC increased and also showed high antioxidant properties. Novelty and scientific contribution. C-PC microcapsules that maintain colourant stability with high antioxidant levels and resistance to high temperatures can be applied in a wide variety of products and also in the food industry.

scholarly journals Effects of Raw and Roasted Cocoa Bean Extracts Supplementation on Intestinal Enzyme Activity, Biochemical Parameters, and Antioxidant Status in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 889
Author(s):  
Dorota Żyżelewicz ◽  
Joanna Oracz ◽  
Małgorzata Bojczuk ◽  
Grażyna Budryn ◽  
Adam Jurgoński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Intestinal Enzyme

The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of diet containing the polyphenol-rich material on intestinal enzyme activity, oxidative stress markers, lipid metabolism and antioxidant status of laboratory rats. The animals were fed high-fat diet supplemented with freeze-dried water extracts of raw and roasted cocoa beans of Forastero variety. The observed changes indicated the biological activity of polyphenols and other components of the prepared cocoa beans extracts (CBEs). The presence of raw and roasted CBEs in the diets diversified the activity of the enzymes of the cecal microflora of rats. Both CBEs beneficially affect the antioxidant status of the serum, even in relation to the control standard group. The experimental cocoa bean preparations showed no significant effect on the mass of rats’ liver, heart, and kidneys, but varied some parameters of the antioxidant status of their organisms. The raw CBE in rats fed with the high-fat diet shows a high ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation in heart and more effectively increases hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations compared to the roasted CBE, which did not show any significant effect. Moreover, supplementation with both CBEs significantly affects the volatile fatty acids concentration in the rats’ cecum. Results of this study contribute to the evidence that dietary supplementation with raw and roasted CBEs can exert health-promoting effects, however further studies are necessary.

scholarly journals Hydroxycinnamic Acids in Wild Blueberry and Effects of Hydroxycinnamic Acids on Apoptosis Induction in Cancer Cell Culture

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (25) ◽  
pp. 1528
Author(s):  
Burak Durmaz ◽  
Latife Merve Oktay ◽  
Hikmet Mehmedov ◽  
Nur Selvi Günel ◽  
Hatice Kalkan Yıldırım ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Colon Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Tetrazolium Salt ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Wild Blueberries ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
Wild Blueberry

: In this study, the fruits and leaves of wild blueberries grown naturally in our country will be evaluated by using different infusion and boiling methods. Blueberry teas; leaves, raw fruit, dried and shredded raw fruit, fruit beans and seedless raw fruit of different infusions were used after boiling them for 1 min, 3 min, 5 min, 7 min, 10 min. Phenolic levels were determined by LC MS/MS technique. The antioxidant and activities of all products in the vitro HCT-116 colon cancer cell line were analyzed by spectrophotometric methods. MDA and TEAC were evaluated for antioxidant activity. Cytotoxicity and viability tests were performed by adding WST-8 (Water Soluble Tetrazolium Salt-8) solution. For apoptosis, TRAIL and Apaf-1 ELISA Kit were used for the activation of caspases of intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.

Honey bee stocking numbers and wild blueberry production in Nova Scotia

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 1305-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard J. Eaton ◽  
Vilis O. Nams
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Field Size ◽  
Megachile Rotundata ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Wild Blueberries ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
Wild Blueberry

Eaton, L. J. and Nams, V. O. 2012. Honey bee stocking numbers and wild blueberry production in Nova Scotia. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1305–1310. Wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) require cross pollination by insects. Introduction of managed species such as honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) and alfalfa leafcutting bees (Megachile rotundata Fabr.) is costly. We assessed the effects of stocking rates of honey bee hives and the interacting effects of the numbers of honey bees and other bees on yield of blueberries in commercial fields. Blueberry fields were sampled from 101 fields in years 1991 to 2010 in Nova Scotia. We recorded field size, numbers of beehives, yield, densities of bees, numbers of buds, blossoms and set fruit. Yields increased linearly with numbers of beehives, up to∼4 hives/hectare, but at higher stocking rates there was too much variation to adequately determine the effects. Yields also increased linearly with numbers of honey bees, but there was an interaction with other bees that decreased the effects of honey bees, such that at maximum densities of other bees, there was no effect of honey bees on yield. These results suggest that other bees and honey bees compete for pollination. If producers have limited numbers of beehives, we suggest that more should be placed in areas where densities of other bees are lower, up to approximately 4 hives/hectare.

Comparison of consecutive and alternate fertilizer applications in wild blueberry production

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Eaton ◽  
K. R. Sanderson ◽  
S. A. E. Fillmore
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Wild Blueberries ◽  
Soil Accumulation ◽  
Wild Blueberry

Research has shown that improved nutrient uptake and yield of wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait) are very sporadic when fertilizers are applied. Growers are concerned with environment impacts and keeping fertilizer costs to a minimum. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of wild blueberries to soil-applied fertilization over four cropping cycles in Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia from 1997 to 2004. Commercial fertilizers (17-17-17, 1-46-0 and 13-26-5) were soil-applied in the sprout year either as a consecutive fertilizer application (every cropping cycle) or an alternate fertilizer application (every second cropping cycle). All fertilizers were applied at a rate of 200 kg ha-1. Fertilizer applications increased soil levels of P and K, leaf tissue concentrations of N and P and stem lengths of plants. Higher levels of soil P and leaf tissue concentrations of N, P and K were observed with consecutive than with alternate fertilizer applications. Average stem lengths, buds and blossoms per stem were higher over the length of the study when fertilizers were applied consecutively compared with alternately. Fruit yields were increased compared with the unfertilized control. Within applied fertilizers treatments, fruit yield was not affected when fertilizer was applied in either consecutive or alternate cropping cycles. Alternate fertilizer applications may reduce soil accumulation of P and production costs without comprising yields. Key words: Cropping cycles, fertilization, soil and tissue nutrients, yield

Antioxidant activity of flaxseed meal components

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique J. Barthet ◽  
Dorota Klensporf-Pawlik ◽  
Roman Przybylski
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Flaxseed Meal ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Primary Antioxidant ◽  
Soluble Components

Barthet, V. J., Klensporf-Pawlik, D. and Przybylski, R. 2014. Antioxidant activity of flaxseed meal components. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 593–602. The meals of borage, hemp, Solin, golden, and brown flaxseed, including the meals of dehulled flaxseed and their corresponding hulls, were reconstituted with 40% of standard flaxseed oil and stored for 2 wk to assess if these meals had any antioxidant activity to protect in situ oil from oxidation. Weekly measured peroxide and aldehyde values showed that Solin, golden and brown flaxseed meals had more effective antioxidant activity than hemp and borage meals. Flaxseed hull showed very weak antioxidant potential, whereas dehulled meals maintained their antioxidant activity. This suggested that secoisolariciresinol diglucoside was not acting as the primary antioxidant of flaxseed meal. The seed antioxidant activity was greatly affected by water extraction, suggesting that the system contains water-soluble components. When flaxseed oil was recombined with the freeze-dried water extracts of flaxseed meal some loses of antioxidant activity were observed. The results showed that the water-extracted components retained some antioxidant activity compared with the original flaxseed meal antioxidant activity. These results indicate that the flaxseed antioxidant activities were mainly due to a water-soluble system – probably proteins: however, more than one group of components of the flax meal may be involved to provide the seed with its effective and unique antioxidant properties.

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