Comparison of consecutive and alternate fertilizer applications in wild blueberry production

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Eaton ◽  
K. R. Sanderson ◽  
S. A. E. Fillmore
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Wild Blueberries ◽  
Soil Accumulation ◽  
Wild Blueberry

Research has shown that improved nutrient uptake and yield of wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait) are very sporadic when fertilizers are applied. Growers are concerned with environment impacts and keeping fertilizer costs to a minimum. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of wild blueberries to soil-applied fertilization over four cropping cycles in Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia from 1997 to 2004. Commercial fertilizers (17-17-17, 1-46-0 and 13-26-5) were soil-applied in the sprout year either as a consecutive fertilizer application (every cropping cycle) or an alternate fertilizer application (every second cropping cycle). All fertilizers were applied at a rate of 200 kg ha-1. Fertilizer applications increased soil levels of P and K, leaf tissue concentrations of N and P and stem lengths of plants. Higher levels of soil P and leaf tissue concentrations of N, P and K were observed with consecutive than with alternate fertilizer applications. Average stem lengths, buds and blossoms per stem were higher over the length of the study when fertilizers were applied consecutively compared with alternately. Fruit yields were increased compared with the unfertilized control. Within applied fertilizers treatments, fruit yield was not affected when fertilizer was applied in either consecutive or alternate cropping cycles. Alternate fertilizer applications may reduce soil accumulation of P and production costs without comprising yields. Key words: Cropping cycles, fertilization, soil and tissue nutrients, yield

Wild blueberry response to phosphorus applied to Prince Edward Island soils

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Sanderson ◽  
L. J. Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Wild Blueberry

Pressure on growers to protect the environment and reduce input costs has increased the need to more effectively use fertilizers. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of wild blueberries to soil-applied P on loamy sand to sandy loam Orthic Podzol soils in Prince Edward Island over three cropping cycles from 1992 to 1997. The sites had soil test (Mehlich-3) P levels from 33 to 44 µg P g-1, which are rated as L- for blueberries in the PEI Soil and Feed Testing Laboratory Standards. Treatments consisted of soil-applied P at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 kg ha-1 applied to the same plots in the sprout year in each of three consecutive cropping cycles. There was a positive linear relationship between application rate of P and extractable soil P and leaf tissue P concentration. Over the 6 yr of the study, soil extractable P increased on average 1.1 µg P g-1 for each kg of soil-applied P compared with the control where no soil P was applied. Increases in levels of tissue P concentration were less dramatic. Plant growth and yields were not affected by rate of soil-applied P fertilizer. This study indicates that on sites with low soil test P, application of soil-applied P did not benefit wild blueberry production. By conserving P fertilizer, growers can also reduce the potential for environmental damage caused by the buildup of soil P. Key words: Phosphorus, soil and leaf nutrient concentrations, wild blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium Ait., yield

Economic and Management Tool for Assessing Wild Blueberry Production Costs and Financial Feasibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-696
Author(s):  
Travis J. Esau ◽  
Qamar U. Zaman ◽  
Craig MacEachern ◽  
Emmanuel K. Yiridoe ◽  
Aitazaz A. Farooque
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Production Management ◽  
The United States ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Wild Blueberries ◽  
Key Phrases ◽  
Marketing Costs ◽  
Wild Blueberry

Abstract. The wild blueberry industry is facing record low berry prices that has resulted in major concerns for growers, especially in Atlantic Canada and the United States. Farm input and other costs to produce wild blueberries continue to increase, while farmers face record low blueberry prices (in 2016 and 2017). The cost-price squeeze has prompted growers to look for innovative methods to remain financially viable and sustainable. To ensure profitable farm operations, farmers should keep detailed production, management, and financial records that can be used to estimate production, harvest, and marketing costs, but such data and records are not typically compiled by wild blueberry farmers. Spreadsheet-based enterprise budgeting tools have been developed for specific crops by provincial and state extension specialists in Canada and the United States. However, currently there is no such decision tool that accounts for the unique two-year production cycle of wild blueberries, which farmers can use to compile and evaluate input use and rates, and assess production costs and farm economic performance. Keywords: Click here to enter keywords and key phrases, separated by commas, with a period at the end

Honey bee stocking numbers and wild blueberry production in Nova Scotia

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 1305-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard J. Eaton ◽  
Vilis O. Nams
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Field Size ◽  
Megachile Rotundata ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Wild Blueberries ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
Wild Blueberry

Eaton, L. J. and Nams, V. O. 2012. Honey bee stocking numbers and wild blueberry production in Nova Scotia. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1305–1310. Wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) require cross pollination by insects. Introduction of managed species such as honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) and alfalfa leafcutting bees (Megachile rotundata Fabr.) is costly. We assessed the effects of stocking rates of honey bee hives and the interacting effects of the numbers of honey bees and other bees on yield of blueberries in commercial fields. Blueberry fields were sampled from 101 fields in years 1991 to 2010 in Nova Scotia. We recorded field size, numbers of beehives, yield, densities of bees, numbers of buds, blossoms and set fruit. Yields increased linearly with numbers of beehives, up to∼4 hives/hectare, but at higher stocking rates there was too much variation to adequately determine the effects. Yields also increased linearly with numbers of honey bees, but there was an interaction with other bees that decreased the effects of honey bees, such that at maximum densities of other bees, there was no effect of honey bees on yield. These results suggest that other bees and honey bees compete for pollination. If producers have limited numbers of beehives, we suggest that more should be placed in areas where densities of other bees are lower, up to approximately 4 hives/hectare.

scholarly journals The Blueberry Gall Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae): A Recent Pest of Wild Blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium; Ericales: Ericaceae) and Its Impact on Potential Yield

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 1151-1161
Author(s):  
Judith A Collins ◽  
Francis A Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Gall Midge ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
High Input ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Dasineura Oxycoccana ◽  
Blueberry Gall Midge ◽  
Wild Blueberry

Abstract Blueberry gall midge, Dasineura oxycoccana (Johnson) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is an emerging pest on wild blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton (Ericales: Ericaceae). The purpose of this study was to document the population increase of blueberry gall midge on this crop in Maine since its discovery in 2003 until 2018. Dasineura oxycoccana appears to have three generations during the prune cycle in Maine wild blueberry, although this may vary among years. Prune fields have higher infestation rates than crop fields, most likely due to the greater abundance of susceptible leaf tissue. Production system does affect infestation rates. Fields managed under a high input system exhibit lower gall midge infestation than low or medium input fields. Field infestation rates in organic fields were intermediate to high input and low and medium input fields. In seven trials conducted between 2010 and 2017, D. oxycoccana infestation of stems resulted in significantly fewer flower-bud clusters developed at the end of the prune year in four of seven trials and significantly fewer viable flowers during bloom in the crop year in four of seven trials. Two of the seven trials resulted in significantly more flowers on infested stems than noninfested stems, evidence that in some years D. oxycoccana infestation may stimulate flower-bud production, resulting in an increase in potential yield. We provide an optimal sampling plan for D. oxycoccana infestation sampling and economic thresholds for three levels of production (yield levels) and three expected prices that growers might receive.

scholarly journals Environmental Losses of Soil-applied Nitrogen Sources in Lowbush Blueberry Production

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1132A-1132
Author(s):  
David Percival ◽  
Gloria Thyssen ◽  
Kevin Sanderson ◽  
David Burton
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mount Vernon ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

Environmental losses of soil-applied nitrogen fertilizers were examined during 2004 in commercial wild blueberry fields in the vegetative phase of production in Nova Scotia (NS) and Prince Edward Island (PE). A randomized complete-block experimental design with five treatments, five replications, a plot size of 8 × 6 m, and 2-m buffers between plots was used. Treatments consisted of a control (no fertilizer application) and nitrogen applications (N at 35 kg·ha-1) of ammonium sulphate (AS), urea (U), diammonium phosphate (DAP), and sulfur-coated urea (SCU). Nitrogen applications occurred on 19 May and 9 June at the Kemptown (NS) and Mount Vernon (PE) sites, respectively. Cumulative ammonia volatilization was determined through the use of open top chambers with volatilization samples collected on 1, 2, 5, 8, and 12 days after treatment application. In addition, leaf tissue and yield component data were collected. A significant volatilization treatment effect was present at the Kemptown site with the U and SCU treatments having volatilization rates that were 321% and 207% greater than the control, respectively. Therefore, results from this study indicate that volatilization losses are significant and site specific and can negatively influence blueberry growth.

scholarly journals The effect of wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) consumption on postprandial serum antioxidant status in human subjects

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin D. Kay ◽  
Bruce J. Holub
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Wild Blueberries ◽  
Wild Blueberry ◽  
Fat Meal

The aim of the present study was to determine whether the consumption of wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium), a concentrated source of non-nutritive antioxidant phytochemicals, would enhance postprandial serum antioxidant status in healthy human subjects. A single-blinded crossover study was performed in a group of eight middle-aged male subjects (38–54 years). Subjects consumed a high-fat meal and a control supplement followed 1 week later by the same high-fat meal supplemented with 100·0 g freeze-dried wild blueberry powder. Upon brachial vein catheterization, fasting and postprandial serum samples were taken sequentially and analysed for lipids and glucose and for serum antioxidant status. Serum antioxidant status was determined using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay and the total antioxidant status (TAS) assay. The wild-blueberry treatment was associated with a significant treatment effect as determined by the ORAC assay (water-soluble fraction ORACperchloric acid (PCA),P=0·04). Significant increases in serum antioxidant status above the controls were observed at 1 h (ORACPCA(8·5 % greater),P=0·02; TAS (4·5 % greater),P=0·05), and 4 h (ORACtotal(15·0 % greater),P=0·009; ORACacetone(16·0 % greater),P=0·007) post-consumption of the high-fat meal. In conclusion, the consumption of wild blueberries, a food source with highin vitroantioxidant properties, is associated with a diet-induced increase inex vivoserum antioxidant status. It has been suggested that increasing the antioxidant status of serum may result in the reduced risk of many chronic degenerative diseases.

Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Tanah Sawah di Kecamatan Medan Satria dan Bekasi Utara, Kota Bekasi, Jawa Barat

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Pambudi ◽  
Nita Noriko ◽  
Endah Permata Sari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Growth Promoting

<p><em>Abstrak -</em><strong> </strong><strong>Produksi padi di Indonesia setiap tahun mengalami peningkatan, namun peningkatan ini belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan nasional sehingga impor masih harus dilakukan. Salah satu masalah dalam produksi beras adalah penggunaan pupuk berlebih yang tidak hanya meningkatkan biaya produksi, namun juga merusak kondisi tanah. Aplikasi bakteri tanah sebagai Plant <em>Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria</em> (PGPR) dapat menjadi salah satu solusi terhadap masalah ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi bakteri tanah dari 3 lokasi sawah daerah Bekasi, membandingkan keberadaan total bakteri pada ketiga lokasi tersebut,  dan melakukan karakterisasi isolat berdasarkan karakter yang dapat memicu pertumbuhan tanaman. Dari ketiga lokasi, diperoleh total 59 isolat dan 5 diantaranya berpotensi sebagai PGPR karena kemampuan fiksasi Nitrogen, melarutkan Fosfat, katalase positif, dan motil. Dari ketiga lokasi pengambilan sampel, BK1 memiliki jumlah total bakteri terendah karena aplikasi pemupukan dan pestisida berlebih yang ditandai tingginya kadar P total, serta tingginya residu klorpirifos, karbofuran, dan paration. Kondisi fisik tanah BK1 juga didominasi partikel liat yang menyebabkan tanah menjadi lebih padat. Peningkatan jumlah penggunaan pupuk tidak selalu diikuti peningkatan produktivitas tanaman.</strong></p><p> </p><p><strong><em>Kata Kunci</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong>- <em>Bakteri tanah, Rhizosfer sawah, PGPR, Pupuk Hayati</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><em>Abstract</em><strong> - </strong><strong>Rice production in Indonesia has increased annually, but this increase has not reached national demand,so imports still done. </strong><strong>One of the problems in rice production is the use of excessive fertilizers that not only increase production costs, but also decreased the soil conditions. The application of soil bacteria as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be the one solution to face this problem. The objective of this study was isolate soil bacteria from 3 locations of rice field in Bekasi, compare the total bacteria in the three locations, and characterize isolates based on the character that can promote plant growth. From three locations, a total of 59 isolates were obtained and 5 of them were potential as a PGPRs due to its Nitrogen fixation activity, Phosphate solubilization, positive catalase, and motility. From three sampling sites, BK1 has the lowest TPC value because of excessive  fertilizers and pesticides application which indicated by high total P levels, and also high chlorpyrifos, carbofuran and paration residues. The physical condition of BK1 soil is also dominated by clay particles which causes the soil more solid. Increasing of fertilizer application is not always followed by increased plant productivity.</strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> - <em>Biofertilizer, PGPR, Rice field rhizosphere, Soil Bacteria</em></p>

scholarly journals Evidence that a New Antibiotic Flavone Glycoside Chemically Defends the Sea Grass Thalassia testudinumagainst Zoosporic Fungi

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1490-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Jensen ◽  
K. M. Jenkins ◽  
D. Porter ◽  
W. Fenical
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Chemical Fractionation ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Flavone Glycoside ◽  
Sea Grass ◽  
Zoosporic Fungi ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Marine Angiosperm

ABSTRACT Significantly fewer thraustochytrid protists (zoosporic fungi) were observed in association with healthy leaf tissue of the marine angiosperm Thalassia testudinum than in association with sterilized samples that were returned to the collection site for 48 h. In support of the hypothesis that sea grass secondary metabolites were responsible for these differences, extracts of healthyT. testudinum leaf tissues inhibited the growth of the co-occurring thraustochytrid Schizochytrium aggregatum and deterred the attachment of S. aggregatum motile zoospores to an extract-impregnated substrate. By using S. aggregatumfor bioassay-guided chemical fractionation, a new flavone glycoside was isolated and structurally characterized as luteolin 7-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-2"-sulfate. Whole-leaf tissue concentrations of this metabolite (4 mg/ml of wet leaf tissue) inhibited S. aggregatum attachment, and a significantly lower concentration (270 μg/ml) reduced thraustochytrid growth by 50%, suggesting that natural concentrations are at least 15 times greater than that needed for significant microbiological effects. These results offer the first complete chemical characterization of a sea grass sulfated flavone glycoside and provide evidence that a secondary metabolite chemically defends T. testudinum against fouling microorganisms.

Carabidae (Coleoptera) in Nova Scotia, Canada wild blueberry fields: prospects for biological control

2012 ◽  
Vol 144 (6) ◽  
pp. 779-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.C. Cutler ◽  
J.M. Renkema ◽  
C.G. Majka ◽  
J.M. Sproule
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Conservation Biological Control ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Wild Blueberries ◽  
Wild Blueberry

AbstractThe Carabidae (Coleoptera) are a diverse family of beetles with almost 300 species identified in Nova Scotia, Canada. Carabid beetle communities have been studied in several agricultural systems, but not wild blueberries, an important crop in eastern Canada. In the interest of potentially developing conservation biological control programs in wild blueberry, we collected Carabidae in crop (fruit-bearing) and sprout (vegetative) blueberry fields in Nova Scotia in order to assess species diversity and abundance over space and time. Over 3200 specimens were collected, representing 51 species. A large portion of collected specimens (39%) were nonnative, and the most abundant species were generally predacious and synanthropic. Species diversity tended to be higher near forest edges than further into fields, but not for all abundant species. Several of the most prominent predators showed significant differences in preference of crop versus sprout fields, distribution throughout fields, and seasonable abundance. These findings have implications for conservation biological control efforts with carabid beetles against several insect pests in wild blueberry.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document