scholarly journals The influence of different amounts ofn-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on bleeding time and invivovascular reactivity

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwenda Mark ◽  
T. A. B. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Similar Increase ◽  
Mesenteric Vessel ◽  
Lipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Erythrocyte Lipid

Mesenteric bleeding time, mesenteric vascular reactivity, platelet and erythrocyte lipid fatty acid composition were measured at 2–3 weeks, 5–6 weeks and 11–22 weeks in normotensive Wistar rats, fed on high (6·5% energy) or moderate (1·6% energy) intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid (20: 5n−3; EPA) as fish oil, compared with controls fed on a diet devoid of EPA. All diets contained the same level of linoleic acid (4% energy): the moderate- and high-EPA diets also contained 1·1 and 4·4% of the energy as docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n−3) respectively. Moderate, but not high, intakes of EPA increased mesenteric bleeding time. Similar reductions in erythrocyte and platelet arachidonic acid (20: 4n−6) occurred in animals fed on either high or low amounts of EPA, but the proportion of EPA increased dose-dependently. At high intakes of EPA the proportion of oleic acid in platelets and erythrocytes was decreased. Blood pressure platelet counts, mesenteric vessel diameter and mesenteric vascular reactivity to vasopressin were unaffected by treatment. High intakes of fish oil led to a slight fall in packed cell volume. In a second experiment bleeding time and mesenteric vascular reactivity to noradrenaline were increased 2–4 weeks after receiving a moderate intake of EPA and these effects persisted 5–21 d after switching to a control diet. A similar increase in vascular reactivity to noradrenaline was observed in animals given indomethacin (6 mg/kg) but not in those given aspirin (20 mg/kg).

scholarly journals The effects of acute and chronic administration of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on ethanol-induced gastric haemorrhage in rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Hunter ◽  
G. S. A. McDonald ◽  
M. J. Gibney
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Micellar Solution ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Gastric Lesion ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Maize Oil

Female weanling rats in three equal groups (n12) were given orally by intubation 1 ml micellar solution of taurocholic aicd (10 mM) and either arachidonic acid (20:4n−6), linoleic acid (18:2n−6) or eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n−3) at a concentration of 120 mM. After 1 h the rats were given intragastrically 2 ml absolute ethanol and were killed 1 h later. Rats given oral 20:4n−6 showed a significant reduction (P< 0.05) in the extent (%) of gastric mucosal haemorrhage compared with either the rats given 20:5n−3 or 18:2n−6 (8.3 (SD 7.3), 23.2 (SD 10.4) and 21.4 (SD 10.4)) respectively. In a second experiment, four equal groups (n12) of female Wistar rats were fed for 5 weeks on either a control diet of standard laboratory rat food, or the same diet enriched with either maize oil or fish oil or butterfat at a level of 100 g/kg. Following a 24 h fast the rats received an intragastric dose of 2 ml ethanol and were killed 1 h later. Examination of the extent (%) of gastric lesion showed a significant reduction (P< 0.05) with the feeding of either maize oil or fish oil compared with the controls (12.2 (SD 8.2), 15.3 (SD 13.2) and 29.3 (SD 14.0) respectively). The butterfat diet was not significantly different from the control diet (23.8 (SD 8.1)).

scholarly journals Flaxseed, olive and fish oil influence plasmatic lipids, lymphocyte migration and morphometry of the intestinal of Wistar rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiana Diniz Rosa ◽  
Regiane Lopes de Sales ◽  
Luis Fernando de Sousa Moraes ◽  
Fabíola Cesário Lourenço ◽  
Clóvis Andrade Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soy Oil ◽  
Lymphocyte Migration

PURPOSE: Evaluate the effect of flaxseed, olive and fish oil on the lipid profile, preservation of villosities and lymphocyte migration in the intestinal mucosa of Wistar rats. METHODS: Thirty Wistar male rats were divided into four groups, which received the AIN-93M diet, with changes only to their lipid source: flaxseed, olive, fish, and soy oil (control group). The serum was separated for the biochemical parameter analysis. A histological evaluation was performed in the ileal portion. RESULTS: The group which was fed fish oil presented lower values when compared to the other treatments for Total Cholesterol, High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Triacylglycerol (p<0.05). The animals treated with fish and olive oils presented better intestinal villosities preservation. Less deposition of lymphocytes was observed in the flaxseed group (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that flaxseed, olive and fish oils present different responses than soy oil for the intestinal mucosa preservation and lymphocyte proliferation in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Sepiapterin Improves Vascular Reactivity and Insulin-Stimulated Glucose in Wistar Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Keller ◽  
L. A. Knaub ◽  
R. L. Scalzo ◽  
S. E. Hull ◽  
A. E. Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Respiratory Control ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Insulin Tolerance ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide

In the vasculature, sedentary behavior leads to endothelial abnormalities, resulting in elevated cardiovascular disease risk. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) aberrations characterize endothelial dysfunction; eNOS also regulates mitochondrial function. We hypothesized that sepiapterin (a precursor to eNOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)) supplementation would improve endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in sedentary animals via modulation of NOS function and mitochondrial activity. Sedentary male Wistar rats were fed ad libitum for a total of 10 weeks. Sepiapterin was administered in diet during the final 5 weeks. Intraperitoneal insulin and glucose tolerance tests (IP-ITT/IP-GTT) were conducted at baseline and endpoint. Aorta was assessed for vasoreactivity and mitochondrial respiration. Insulin tolerance, determined by IP-ITT, significantly improved in rats treated with sepiapterin (p<0.05, interaction of time and treatment). Acetylcholine- (ACh-) driven vasodilation was significantly greater in aorta from sepiapterin-treated rats as compared with control (76.4% versus 54.9% of phenylephrine contraction at 20 μM ACh, p<0.05). Sepiapterin treatment resulted in significantly elevated state 3 (9.00 oxygen pmol/sec∗mg versus 8.17 oxygen pmol/sec∗mg, p<0.05) and 4 (7.28 oxygen pmol/sec∗mg versus 5.86 oxygen pmol/sec∗mg, p<0.05) aortic mitochondrial respiration with significantly lower respiratory control ratio (p<0.05) during octanoylcarnitine-driven respiration. Vasodilation and insulin sensitivity were improved through targeting NOS via sepiapterin supplementation.

Recovery of fish oil-derived fatty acids in lymph of thoracic duct-cannulated wistar rats

Lipids ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marla Reicks ◽  
James Hoadley ◽  
Subramaniam Satchithanandam ◽  
Kim M. Morehouse
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Thoracic Duct ◽  
Wistar Rats

Effects of dietary fiber on glycemia and lipid profile in aging diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-368
Author(s):  
Khayra Mebarek ◽  
Meryem Bensalah ◽  
Samira Bouanane ◽  
Fatima Zohra Baba Ahmed ◽  
Nesrine Samira Karaouzene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipolytic Enzyme ◽  
Pure Cellulose

Dietary fiber is a group of food components which is the subject of many studies on several aspects of human health. Recent research demonstrate that dietary fiber intake is associated with reduced diabetes risk. The aim of the present work was to test the effect of dietary fiber such as cellulose and mucilage on disorders of lipid metabolism induced by experimental diabetes in the aged Wistar rats. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Aging male Wistar rats diabetic and control rats were fed highly-pure-cellulose-mucilage-enriched (HPCME) diet or control diet for 2 months. At the end of study, blood samples and tissue are collected for de-termination of biochemical parameters (glucose, total cholesterol, triglycer-ides and lipoproteins) and lipases activities. 2 months of HPCME diet intake by diabetic aged rats improves diabetic control, induced a decrease of body weight, a reduction of plasma lipid concentration, lower blood-glucose and a significant decrease in expression of pathway lipolytic enzyme activities va-lues witch decrease the prevalence of the specific disorders of diabetes. This study suggests that dietary fiber (HPCME), has an important physiological effect on glucose and lipid metabolism during aging which reduces the risk of developing complications of diabetes.

Altered Vascular Reactivity in Isolated Aortic Rings from Potassium-adapted Wistar Rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.I. Ozolua ◽  
E.E.I. Omogbai . ◽  
A.B. Ebeigbe .
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vascular Reactivity

Heterogeneous limb vascular responsiveness to shear stimuli during dynamic exercise in humans

2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Walter Wray ◽  
Abhimanyu Uberoi ◽  
Lesley Lawrenson ◽  
Russell S. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Common Femoral Artery ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Dynamic Exercise ◽  
Vascular Responsiveness ◽  
Conduit Vessel

Arm and leg vascular responsiveness to comparable shear stimuli during isolated dynamic exercise has not been assessed in humans. Consequently, six young cyclists performed incremental, intermittent handgrip exercise (arm) and knee-extensor exercise (leg) from 5 to 60% of maximal work rate (WR). Ultrasound Doppler measurements were taken in the brachial artery (BA), common femoral artery (CFA), and deep femoral artery (DFA) at rest and at each WR to assess diameter and sheer rate changes. Exercise at 60% maximum WR increased shear rate to the same degree in the CFA (314.3 ± 33.3 s−1) and BA (303.3 ± 26.3 s−1), but was significantly higher in the DFA (712.6 ± 88.3 s−1). Compared with rest, exercise at 60% maximum WR did not alter CFA vessel diameter, but increased BA diameter (0.42 ± 0.01 to 0.49 ± 0.01 cm) and DFA diameter (0.59 ± 0.05 to 0.64 ± 0.04 cm). These data from the DFA demonstrate for the first time a substantial improvement in vascular reactivity in a conduit vessel only slightly distal to the CFA. However, despite comparable dilation between the BA and DFA, the slope of the relationship between vessel diameter and shear rate was much greater in the arm (2.4 × 10−4 ± 4.6 × 10−5 cm/s) than in either the DFA (8.9 × 10−5 ± 1.5 × 10−5 cm/s) or CFA (2.1 × 10−5 ± 1.1 × 10−5 cm/s). Together, these findings reveal a substantial heterogeneity in vascular responsiveness in the leg during dynamic exercise but demonstrate that conduit vessel dilation for a given change in shear rate is, nonetheless, reduced in the leg compared with the arm.

scholarly journals Total Replacement of Fish Oil by Balanites aegyptiaca and Adansonia digitata Seed Oils in Diets of Clarias anguillaris Fry

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Mariama Sagne ◽  
Jean Fall ◽  
Abdoulaye Loum ◽  
Diegane Ndong ◽  
Malick Diouf
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Significant Difference

Clarias anguillaris fries were fed with three isoproteic (30.25%) and isoenergetic (1.42 MJ/Kg) diets to evaluate the effects of plant seed oil on the growth performance, feed efficiency and survival rate. The test was carried out on Clarias anguillaris with an initial average weight of 0.07 g distributed in 6 plastic tanks with a stocking density of 15 fries each. The treatments were in duplicate for 45 days. The results of this experiment showed that the fish fed diet B containing Adansonia digitata seed oil as a source of lipid has the best total average weight gain (AWGa) (0.15g) compared to those fed with P and S diets containing fish oil and the Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil respectively. Similar results were obtained with the specific growth rate, which showed a significant difference between the fish fed with B diet and those fed with S and P diets that do not differ significantly between them. The best feed conversion rate (FCR) was obtained with the fish fed with B diet, which showed a significant difference with the fish fed with P and S. The best survival rate (SR) of 80% was obtained with the fish fed with diet B, followed by 73% in fish fed with diet S, and finally the lowest value 67% was contained in the fish fed with the control diet P. The best protein efficiency ratio (PER) was obtained with the fish fed with diet B (1.16) followed by the fish fed with diet S (0.80) compared with the fish fed with the control diet P (0.74). From the results of this study, we can say the replacement of fish oil with Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil and Adansonia digitata seed oil has no negative impact on the growth of Clarias anguillaris fries. In conclusion, diet B containing Adansonia digitata seed oil appears to be more suitable for Clarias anguillaris fry growth.

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