Heterogeneous limb vascular responsiveness to shear stimuli during dynamic exercise in humans

2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Walter Wray ◽  
Abhimanyu Uberoi ◽  
Lesley Lawrenson ◽  
Russell S. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Common Femoral Artery ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Dynamic Exercise ◽  
Vascular Responsiveness ◽  
Conduit Vessel

Arm and leg vascular responsiveness to comparable shear stimuli during isolated dynamic exercise has not been assessed in humans. Consequently, six young cyclists performed incremental, intermittent handgrip exercise (arm) and knee-extensor exercise (leg) from 5 to 60% of maximal work rate (WR). Ultrasound Doppler measurements were taken in the brachial artery (BA), common femoral artery (CFA), and deep femoral artery (DFA) at rest and at each WR to assess diameter and sheer rate changes. Exercise at 60% maximum WR increased shear rate to the same degree in the CFA (314.3 ± 33.3 s−1) and BA (303.3 ± 26.3 s−1), but was significantly higher in the DFA (712.6 ± 88.3 s−1). Compared with rest, exercise at 60% maximum WR did not alter CFA vessel diameter, but increased BA diameter (0.42 ± 0.01 to 0.49 ± 0.01 cm) and DFA diameter (0.59 ± 0.05 to 0.64 ± 0.04 cm). These data from the DFA demonstrate for the first time a substantial improvement in vascular reactivity in a conduit vessel only slightly distal to the CFA. However, despite comparable dilation between the BA and DFA, the slope of the relationship between vessel diameter and shear rate was much greater in the arm (2.4 × 10−4 ± 4.6 × 10−5 cm/s) than in either the DFA (8.9 × 10−5 ± 1.5 × 10−5 cm/s) or CFA (2.1 × 10−5 ± 1.1 × 10−5 cm/s). Together, these findings reveal a substantial heterogeneity in vascular responsiveness in the leg during dynamic exercise but demonstrate that conduit vessel dilation for a given change in shear rate is, nonetheless, reduced in the leg compared with the arm.

Ultrasound Doppler estimates of femoral artery blood flow during dynamic knee extensor exercise in humans

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1383-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rådegran
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Dynamic Exercise ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Ultrasound Doppler ◽  
Femoral Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Human Limb ◽  
Exercise In Humans

Rådegran, G. Ultrasound Doppler estimates of femoral artery blood flow during dynamic knee extensor exercise in humans. J. Appl. Physiol.83(4): 1383–1388, 1997.—Ultrasound Doppler has been used to measure arterial inflow to a human limb during intermittent static contractions. The technique, however, has neither been thoroughly validated nor used during dynamic exercise. In this study, the inherent problems of the technique have been addressed, and the accuracy was improved by storing the velocity tracings continuously and calculating the flow in relation to the muscle contraction-relaxation phases. The femoral arterial diameter measurements were reproducible with a mean coefficient of variation within the subjects of 1.2 ± 0.2%. The diameter was the same whether the probe was fixed or repositioned at rest (10.8 ± 0.2 mm) or measured during dynamic exercise. The blood velocity was sampled over the width of the diameter and the parabolic velocity profile, since sampling in the center resulted in an overestimation by 22.6 ± 9.1% ( P< 0.02). The femoral arterial Doppler blood flow increased linearly ( r = 0.997, P < 0.001) with increasing load [Doppler blood flow = 0.080 ⋅ load (W) + 1.446 l/min] and was correlated positively with simultaneous thermodilution venous outflow measurements ( r = 0.996, P < 0.001). The two techniques were linearly related (Doppler = thermodilution ⋅ 0.985 + 0.071 l/min; r = 0.996, P < 0.001), with a coefficient of variation of ∼6% for both methods.

scholarly journals Femoral artery occlusion with a percutaneous arterial closure device after a routine coronary angiogram: a case report and literature review

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. e102-e104 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Hussain ◽  
S Al-Hamali
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Common Femoral Artery ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Arterial Puncture ◽  
Closure Device ◽  
Coronary Angiogram ◽  
Puncture Site ◽  
Vascular Closure Devices

Groin vessels are most commonly used to obtain vascular access for angiography because of their size and accessibility. Haemostasis at the puncture site can be achieved with manual compression alone or by using a vascular closure device. We highlight the case of a 68-year-old woman who developed acute claudication in the right leg after a routine diagnostic coronary angiogram when an Angio-Seal™ device had been employed to close a relatively low arterial puncture. On exploring the common femoral artery, fragments of the device were found occluding the bifurcation. A patch angioplasty was carried out and the patient’s claudicant symptoms improved. The Angio-Seal™ device has a polylactide and polyglycolide polymer anchor, a collagen plug and a suture contained within a carrier system. Haemostasis is achieved by compressing the arterial puncture site between the anchor and the collagen plug. The manufacturer’s recommended criterion for using the device safely permits its use only for common femoral artery punctures with an internal vessel diameter of 4mm. Anatomical confirmation of the puncture site and evidence of any arterial disease or stenosis in the artery is detected on fluoroscopy during the procedure. Recent meta-analyses have cast doubt on the assumption that vascular closure devices are superior to mechanical compression alone and serious complications do occur occasionally but are under-reported. Clinicians should be aware of the potentially serious problems that may occur when deciding to employ vascular closure devices, especially with an anatomically low puncture site.

Human femoral artery diameter in relation to knee extensor muscle mass, peak blood flow, and oxygen uptake

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (1) ◽  
pp. H162-H167 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rådegran ◽  
B. Saltin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Common Femoral Artery ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Cycle Exercise ◽  
Pulmonary Oxygen Uptake ◽  
The Common

It is not known whether the diameter of peripheral conduit arteries may impose a limitation on muscle blood flow and oxygen uptake at peak effort in humans, and it is not clear whether these arteries are dimensioned in relation to the tissue volume they supply or, rather, to the type and intensity of muscular activity. In this study, eight humans, with a peak pulmonary oxygen uptake of 3.90 ± 0.31 (range 2.29–5.03) l/min during ergometer cycle exercise, performed one-legged dynamic knee extensor exercise up to peak effort at 68 ± 7 W (range 55–100 W). Peak values for knee extensor blood flow (thermodilution) and oxygen uptake of 6.06 ± 0.74 (range 4.75–9.52) l/min and 874 ± 124 (range 590–1,521) ml/min, respectively, were achieved. Pulmonary oxygen uptake reached a peak of 1.72 ± 0.19 (range 1.54–2.33) l/min. Diameters of common and profunda femoral arteries determined by ultrasound Doppler were 10.6 ± 0.4 (range 8.2–12.7) and 6.0 ± 0.4 (range 4.5–8.0) mm, respectively. Thigh and quadriceps muscle volume measured by computer tomography were 10.06 ± 0.66 (range 6.18–10.95) and 2.36 ± 0.19 (range 1.31–3.27) liters, respectively. The common femoral artery diameter, but not that of the profunda branch, correlated with the thigh volume and quadriceps muscle mass. There were no relationships between either of the diameters and the absolute or muscle mass-related resting and peak values of blood flow and oxygen uptake, peak pulmonary oxygen uptake, or peak power output during knee extensor exercise. However, common femoral artery diameter correlated to peak pulmonary oxygen uptake during ergometer cycle exercise. In conclusion, common and profunda femoral artery diameters are sufficient to ensure delivery to the quadriceps muscle. However, the common branch may impose a limitation during ergometer cycle exercise.

scholarly journals Whole body passive heating versus dynamic lower body exercise: A comparison of peripheral hemodynamic profiles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Bharat Amin ◽  
Alexander B. Hansen ◽  
Hendrik Mugele ◽  
Felix Willmer ◽  
Florian Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Dynamic Exercise ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Passive Heating ◽  
Femoral Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Stepping Exercise

Passive heating has emerged as a therapeutic intervention for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Like exercise, heating increases peripheral artery blood flow and shear rate which is thought to be a primary mechanism underpinning endothelium mediated vascular adaptation. However, few studies have compared the increase in arterial blood flow and shear rate between dynamic exercise and passive heating. In a fixed crossover design study, 15 moderately trained healthy participants (25.6 ± 3.4 years) (5 female) underwent 30 minutes of whole body passive heating (42 °C bath), followed on a separate day by 30 minutes of semi-recumbent stepping exercise performed at two workloads corresponding to the increase in cardiac output (Qc) (Δ3.72 l∙min-1) and heart rate (HR) (Δ38 bpm) recorded at the end of passive heating. Results: At the same Qc (Δ3.72 l∙min-1 vs 3.78 l∙min-1), femoral artery blood flow (1599 ml/min vs 1947 ml/min) (p=0.596) and shear rate (162 s -1 vs 192 s-1) (p=0.471) measured by ultrasonography were similar between passive heating and stepping exercise. However, for the same HR matched intensity, femoral blood flow (1599 ml·min-1 vs 2588 ml·min-1) and shear rate (161s-1 vs 271s-1) were significantly greater during exercise, compared with heating (both P=<0.001). The results indicate that, for moderately trained individuals, passive heating increases common femoral artery blood flow and shear rate similar to low intensity continuous dynamic exercise (29% VO2max), however exercise performed at a higher intensity (53% VO2max) results in significantly larger shear rates towards the active skeletal muscle.

Double Uncture fo Single Common Femoral Artery for CT Hepatic Arteriography and CT Arterial Portography

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Ho Kyoung Lee ◽  
Yun Hwan Kim ◽  
Hyoung Rae Kim ◽  
Chang Ho Kang ◽  
Hong Won Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Common Femoral Artery ◽  
Hepatic Arteriography ◽  
Arterial Portography ◽  
Ct Hepatic Arteriography

Endovascular Repair of an Ascending Aorta-to-Left Common Femoral Artery Graft with Aneurysmal Degeneration

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Jaff ◽  
Gerald Dorros ◽  
Krishna Kumar ◽  
Gerardo Caballero ◽  
Alfred Tector
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Endovascular Repair ◽  
Common Femoral Artery ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Artery Graft
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