scholarly journals An animal model to study iron availability from human diets

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Narasinga Rao ◽  
J. Siva Prasad ◽  
C. Vijaya Sarathy
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Ferrous Iron ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Iron Availability ◽  
Retention Ratio ◽  
Ferrous Ascorbate ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting

1. The retention of ferric- and ferrous-iron was determined in guinea-pigs and monkeys using55Fe and59Fe.2. The bioavailability of Fe from two typical Indian diets based on rice and wheat was determined in humans and monkeys using a59Fe tracer and whole-body counting.3. The retention ratio, ferric-Fe; ferrous-Fe was 0.90 in guinea-pigs and 0.33 in monkeys, indicating that monkeys absorb ferrous-Fe preferentially.4. In monkeys retention of Fe from the test diets, as from ferrous ascorbate was lower than that in humans.5. When food-Fe retention was expressed in relation to inorganic-Fe retention the value for retention ratio, food Fe: inorganic Fe in monkeys was similar to that in human subjects.6. The results indicate that the monkey can be used as a model to study Fe absorption from human diets.

scholarly journals Absorption of iron from maize (Zea maysL.) and soya beans (Glycine hispidaMax.) in Jamaican infants

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Ashworth ◽  
P. F. Milner ◽  
J. C. Waterlow ◽  
R. B. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Ferrous Ascorbate ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Maize Meal ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Whole Body Counting ◽  
Apparently Healthy

1. The absorption of iron from59Fe-labelled maize and soya-bean preparations was measured by whole-body counting in forty-two apparently healthy Jamaican infants and compared with the absorption of ferrous ascorbate.2. The mean absorption of Fe from maize was 4·3% and from soya beans baked at 300°, 9·4%, compared with 28·5% for ferrous ascorbate. In a group of children given boiled soya beans the mean absorption of Fe was 2·8%, and of ferrous ascorbate 16·7%.3. There was much variability between replicate tests made on the same child at intervals of 1–2 weeks.4. The absorption of food Fe was not increased in children who were considered to be anaemic (haemoglobin less than 100 g/l) or Fe-deficient (serum Fe less than 500 μg/l and saturation of total Fe-binding capacity less than 15%).5. The poor availability of Fe in maize meal, which is a staple food of children in Jamaica, is probably an important cause of the high prevalence of Fe-deficiency anaemia.

scholarly journals The validation of using serum iron increase to measure iron absorption in human subjects

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hoppe ◽  
Lena Hulthén ◽  
Leif Hallberg
Keyword(s):  
Small Dose ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting

The objectives of the present study were to study the correlation between the change in serum Fe and Fe absorption when administering 100 mg Fe (as FeSO4) orally, and to study the correlation between the absorption from a 3 mg and a 100 mg Fe (as FeSO4) dose. The study was conducted in a group of eleven male blood donors, without any evident infection, who had given blood 8 weeks before the study. On three consecutive mornings the subjects were served a wheat roll fortified with Fe. On the first 2 d the roll was fortified with 3 mg Fe labelled with 59Fe; on day 3 the roll was fortified with 100 mg Fe labelled with 55Fe. The serum Fe response to the 100 mg dose was followed for 6 h. Fe absorption was measured by whole-body counting. High correlations were seen between the absorption of Fe and the change in serum Fe after 100 mg Fe (r2 0·94, P>0·001), between the absorption from 3 mg and 100 mg Fe (r2 0·88, P>0·001), and between the absorption from 3 mg Fe and change in serum Fe after 100 mg Fe (r2 0·90, P>0·001). This strengthens the evidence that it is possible to use the change in serum Fe as a measure of Fe absorption, e.g. when establishing the relative bioavailability for Fe powders. The results also imply that the induced serum Fe increase following 100 mg Fe added to a food could predict the Fe absorption of a small dose of Fe added to the same meal.

Studies of Calcium Absorption in Man Using a CD-2 Whole-Body Counter

1977 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
K. Bakos ◽  
Věra Wernischová
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Absorption Process ◽  
Whole Body Counter ◽  
Absorption Studies ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Calcium Load ◽  
Calcium Malabsorption ◽  
Whole Body Counting

SummaryWhole-body counting makes an important contribution of radioisotope techniques to ȁEin vivo“ absorption studies, in comparison with other methods. In a large number of subjects, the method was tested for its usefulness in the diagnosis of calcium malabsorption. The effects of drugs, of the calcium load in the gut and of the whole-body content of calcium on the absorption process were studied in a control group.

A Modified Chair Geometry for Whole Body Counting

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 246-247
Author(s):  
S. C. Jain ◽  
G. C. Bhola ◽  
A. Nagaratnam ◽  
M. M. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Spatial Response ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Whole Body Counting ◽  
The Buddha

SummaryIn the Marinelli chair, a geometry widely used in whole body counting, the lower part of the leg is seen quite inefficiently by the detector. The present paper describes an attempt to modify the standard chair geometry to minimise this limitation. The subject sits crossed-legged in the “Buddha Posture” in the standard chair. Studies with humanoid phantoms and a volunteer sitting in the Buddha posture show that this modification brings marked improvement over the Marinelli chair both from the point of view of sensitivity and uniformity of spatial response.

Body potassium by four-pi 40K counting: an anthropometric correction

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (2) ◽  
pp. F234-F239 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Pierson ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
J. C. Thornton ◽  
T. B. Van Itallie ◽  
E. W. Colt
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Covariance Analysis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Independent Evidence ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting

Four-pi whole body counting for the 1.46 meV photon of 40K has apparent advantages over single-crystal or two-pi counters in efficiency and in subject geometry independence. However, our studies of obese populations have disclosed a systematic undermeasurement of 40K, suggesting that nonhomogeneous K distribution results in systematic undercounting of 40K. In the current study 42K, emitting a 1.52 meV photon, was used in 109 volunteers ranging from 50 to 181 kg, and multiregression covariance analysis was applied to develop correction formulas based on anthropometrics. These corrections quantitatively account for the unappreciated loss of 40K and 42K photons in annular adipose tissue that surrounds the lean body, in which most K+ is concentrated. The correction ranges from 1 to 28% and is a linear (although different) function of weight in both sexes. Thus corrected, body potassium measurements, taken in conjunction with exchangeable sodium and water measurements, provide estimates for whole body osmolality that match measured serum values. Such a quantitative accounting for previously "lost" cation in 58 subjects provides independent evidence for the appropriateness and accuracy of the correction. With this correction, body potassium was recalculated in the 1,492 adult members of a previously reported group of 3,083 subjects.

Whole Body Counting of Vitamin B12 58Co Absorption Supplemented by Profile Scanning

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
N. D. C. Finlayson ◽  
J. D. Simpson ◽  
D. J. C. Shearman
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting

scholarly journals Brief Note: A Note Concerning the "100 Per Cent Value" in Iron Absorption Studies by Whole Body Counting

Blood ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEWIS M. SCHIFFER ◽  
D. C. PRICE ◽  
J. CUTTNER ◽  
S. H. COHN ◽  
EUGENE P. CRONKITE
Keyword(s):  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Counter ◽  
Whole Body Counter ◽  
Absorption Studies ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
Whole Body Counting ◽  
Body Count

Abstract The 4-hour whole body count is found to be clinically valid as a "100 per cent value" in iron absorption studies performed with a whole body counter. Measurement of iron absorption can be made 2 weeks after ingestion of radioiron, but not prior to this period.

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