scholarly journals A growth assay with chicks for the lysine content of protein concentrates

1963 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Carpenter ◽  
Beryl E. March ◽  
C. K. Milner ◽  
R. C. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Lysine Content ◽  
Protein Concentrates ◽  
Growth Assay

scholarly journals The utilization of lysine by young pigs from nine protein concentrates compared with free lysine in young pigs fed ad lib

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leibholz Jane
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Protein Concentrates ◽  
Cotton Seed Meal ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Soya Bean Meal

1. Pigs (n 195) between 21 and 49 d of age were given a basal diet containing wheat, wheat gluten and cotton-seed meal which was supplemented with one of nine protein concentrates or free L-lysine. The diets were given ad lib. in two experiments.2. Increasing the lysine content of the diets from 6.9 to 10.1 g/kg increased the weight gains of the pigs from 89 to 317 g/d in the first experiment. In the second experiment the weight gains were increased from 68 to 213 g/d by increasing the lysine content of the diets from 5.9 to 9.5 g/kg.3. The utilization of lysine from the protein concentrates was compared with the utilization of free L-lysine.4. The utilization of lysine for weight gain compared with free lysine was 0.86–0.88 for meat meals, 0.95–0.99 for soya-bean meal, 0, 69–0.75 for cotton-seed meal, 0.90 for lupins (Lupinus augustifoh) and 0.99 for milk.

scholarly journals An evaluation of total and digestible lysine as a predictor of lysine availability in protein concentrates for young pigs

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Leibholz
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Concentrates ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Weight Gains

1. Forty pigs between 23 and 51 d of age were given, ad lib., diets containing 7.9 g lysine/kg. The diets contained wheat and one of five protein concentrates: milk, peanut (Arachis hypogaea) meal, cotton-seed (Gossypium herbaceum) meal, meat meal or lupins (Lupinus augustifolius).2. Twenty of the pigs were given an indigestible marker, 103Ru-labelled Tris-(1, 10-phenanthro1ine)-rthenium(II) chloride, between 51 and 56 d of age and were killed at 56 d of age.3. A further forty pigs, between 23 and 51 d of age, were given the same diets supplemented with 3 g L-lysine hydrochloride/kg.4. The weight gains of the pigs given the diets containing 7.9 g lysine/kg (95–153 g/d) were significantly less (P < 0.05) than those of the pigs given the diets containing 10.9 g lysine/kg (274–340 g/d).5. Weight gains of pigs given the diets containing meat meal were less than those of pigs given diets containing milk, peanut meal or lupins.6. Feed conversion ratios decreased and N balances increased with increasing lysine content of the diets.7. Apparent digestibilities of dry matter (DM) and nitrogen of the diets containing meat meal and cotton-seed meal were less than those of the other three diets, but there was no effect of lysine content of the diets on these indices.8. The major site of DM and N absorption for the diet containing milk was the duodenum while for the other four protein concentrates the jejunum and ileum were the major absorption sites.9. Apparent digestibility of lysine from the five diets ranged from 0.54 to 0.75. The retention of the apparently absorbed lysine in weight gain was 0.8–0.94, and there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference between diets which suggested that the apparent digestibility of lysine could be an indicator of its availability.

Effect of Calcium on the Growth and Differentiation of Cultured Rat Esophageal Epithelial Cells

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
W.T. Gunning ◽  
M.R. Marino ◽  
M.S. Babcock ◽  
G.D. Stoner
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Replication Rate ◽  
Enzymatic Dissociation ◽  
Growth Assay ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Fetal Bovine ◽  
Esophageal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cellular Replication

The role of calcium in modulating cellular replication and differentiation has been described for various cell types. In the present study, the effects of Ca++ on the growth and differentiation of cultured rat esophageal epithelial cells was investigated.Epithelial cells were isolated from esophagi taken from 8 week-old male CDF rats by the enzymatic dissociation method of Kaighn. The cells were cultured in PFMR-4 medium supplemented with 0.25 mg/ml dialyzed fetal bovine serum, 5 ng/ml epidermal growth factor, 10-6 M hydrocortisone 10-6 M phosphoethanolamine, 10-6 M ethanolamine, 5 pg/ml insulin, 5 ng/ml transferrin, 10 ng/ml cholera toxin and 50 ng/ml garamycin at 36.5°C in a humidified atmosphere of 3% CO2 in air. At weekly intervals, the cells were subcultured with a solution containing 1% polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.01% EGTA, and 0.05% trypsin. After various passages, the replication rate of the cells in PFMR-4 medium containing from 10-6 M to 10-3 M Ca++ was determined using a clonal growth assay.

Biological Processing of Pea Grain and Secondary Starch Raw Materials to Produce Food and Feed Protein Concentrates

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
V.V. Kolpakova ◽  
R.V. Ulanova ◽  
L.V. Chumikina ◽  
V.V. Bessonov
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Protein Concentrates ◽  
Pea Flour ◽  
Nitrogenous Substances

The goal of the study was to develop a biotechnological process for the production of protein concentrates via bioconversion of pea flour and whey, a secondary product of starch manufacture. Standard and special methods were used to analyze the chemical and biochemical composition of protein concentrates (amino acid, carbohydrate, and fractional) of flour, whey and protein concentrates. It was established that pea flour contains 52.28-57.05% water-soluble nitrogenous substances, 23.04-25.50% salt-soluble, 2.94-4.69% alcohol-soluble compounds, 0-0.61% of soluble glutenine, 6.67-10.40% alkali-soluble glutenine and 5.96-10.86% insoluble sclerotic substances. A mathematical model and optimal parameters of the enzymatic extraction of pea protein with a yield of 65-70% were developed. Ultrasonic exposure increased the yield of nitrogenous substances by 23.16 ± 0.69%, compared with the control without ultrasound. The protein concentrate had a mass fraction of nitrogenous substances of 72.48 ± 0.41% (Nx6.25) and a complete amino acid composition. The microbial conversion by the Saccharomyces cerevisiae 121 and Geotrichum candidum 977 cultures of starch whey which remained after protein precipitation allowed us to obtain feed concentrates from biomass and culture liquid with a protein mass fraction of 61.68-70.48% (Nx6.25). Protein concentrates positively affected the vital signs of rats and their excretory products. A technological scheme was developed to test the complex pea grain and starch whey processing under pilot conditions. pea, protein concentrate, extracts, whey, bioconversion, Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, chemical composition, amino acid composition

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