Discourse-pragmatic principles for temporal reference in Mandarin Chinese conversation

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruey-Jiuan Regina Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Temporal Reference ◽  
Temporal System ◽  
Temporal Location ◽  
Narrative Context ◽  
Mandarin Speakers ◽  
Dynamic Time

This study investigates the Mandarin temporal system in ordinary conversations. It is found that during the dynamic time course of interaction, Mandarin speakers tend to rely more heavily on certain underlying principles, rather than on overt markers, to convey temporal location: In a narrative context, temporal reference is almost always established at the beginning of the story and is not subsequently changed, provided that there is a continuity of action across the verbs. In contexts where turn-by-turn talk is at work, speakers tend to establish the time reference through the inherent semantics of the verbs being employed. The data also suggest that other factors, such as shared knowledge and discourse co-text, appear to play a significant role in helping disambiguate the temporal standpoint of utterances which otherwise have potentially competing temporal anchors.

Superoxide dismutase in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse: A dynamic time-course study

Life Sciences ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 56 (25) ◽  
pp. 2223-2228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianpaolo Papaccio ◽  
Sonia Frascatore ◽  
Francesco Aurelio Pisanti ◽  
Michael V.G. Latronico ◽  
Thomas Linn
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Nod Mouse ◽  
Nonobese Diabetic ◽  
Time Course Study ◽  
Dynamic Time

Disease progression and regression in sporadic small vessel disease–insights from neuroimaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (12) ◽  
pp. 1191-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther M.C. van Leijsen ◽  
Frank-Erik de Leeuw ◽  
Anil M. Tuladhar
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Small Vessel ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
Dynamic Time

Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is considered the most important vascular contributor to the development of dementia. Comprehensive characterization of the time course of disease progression will result in better understanding of aetiology and clinical consequences of SVD. SVD progression has been studied extensively over the years, usually describing change in SVD markers over time using neuroimaging at two time points. As a consequence, SVD is usually seen as a rather linear, continuously progressive process. This assumption of continuous progression of SVD markers was recently challenged by several studies that showed regression of SVD markers. Here, we provide a review on disease progression in sporadic SVD, thereby taking into account both progression and regression of SVD markers with emphasis on white matter hyperintensities (WMH), lacunes and microbleeds. We will elaborate on temporal dynamics of SVD progression and discuss the view of SVD progression as a dynamic process, rather than the traditional view of SVD as a continuous progressive process, that might better fit evidence from longitudinal neuroimaging studies. We will discuss possible mechanisms and clinical implications of a dynamic time course of SVD, with both progression and regression of SVD markers.

The dynamic time course of stereotype activation: Activation, dissipation, and resurrection.

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziva Kunda ◽  
Paul G. Davies ◽  
Barbara D. Adams ◽  
Steven J. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Stereotype Activation ◽  
Dynamic Time

scholarly journals Mandarin Chinese sentence final de as a marker of private evidence

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Hooi Ling Soh
Keyword(s):  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Epistemic Modals ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Discourse Marker ◽  
Discourse Particles ◽  
Modal Auxiliaries ◽  
Specific Proposal

In this paper, I present new empirical observations regarding discourse restrictions and interpretative effects associated with Mandarin Chinese sentence final de in a bare de sentence. I propose an analysis of de as a discourse marker that marks “private evidence”.  I then consider a prediction of the analysis regarding the distribution of de in yes/no questions.  I show that the pattern of restrictions observed with de in yes/no questions follows from the proposed analysis, coupled with a specific proposal about the syntax of de, and certain standard assumptions about the syntax of yes/no questions and modal auxiliaries.  Specifically, I argue that de heads a projection below TP and above a modal projection for non-epistemic modals.  I then discuss apparent counter-examples to the proposed discourse restrictions and suggest that the apparent counter-examples are not bare de sentences, but rather shi…de sentences with a silent shi.  The proposed analysis has implications on the syntax of modal auxiliaries, the relation between bare de sentences and shi…de sentences, and the syntax of discourse particles.  It connects de with discourse particles that mark the speaker’s belief about whether the (evidence for the) asserted proposition is shared knowledge between the speaker and the hearer and whether the (evidence for the) proposition is “verifiable on the spot” (e.g., German ja (Kratzer 1999, 2004; Gutzmann 2009); English parenthetical I’m telling you (Reese and Soh 2018)).

The time course of spoken word recognition in Mandarin Chinese: A unimodal ERP study

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianjun Huang ◽  
Jin-Chen Yang ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Chunyan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word

Classifiers augment and maintain shape-based categorization in Mandarin speakers

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria D. Sera ◽  
Kaitlin R. Johnson ◽  
Jenny Yichun Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Word Learning ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Shape Bias ◽  
Solid Objects ◽  
Mandarin Speakers ◽  
Chinese Classifiers

AbstractPast evidence suggests that adult Mandarin speakers rely on shape more heavily than English speakers when categorizing solid objects (Kuo and Sera 2009). In this experiment, we began to examine that effect developmentally by investigating the acquisition of the three most common Mandarin Chinese classifiers for solid objects (i.e. ge, zhi and tiao) in relation to development in shape-based categorization by native speakers of Mandarin and English from 3 years of age to adulthood. We found that 3-year-old Mandarin speakers were above chance in their classifier knowledge, but this knowledge continued to develop through 7 years of age. We also found that Mandarin speakers relied more heavily on shape than English speakers, and that shape-based categorization among English speakers tended to decline with age on the trials in which shape choices matched the Mandarin classifiers. The findings suggest that classifiers initially augment Mandarin speakers' attention to the shape of solid objects, and then maintain this early stronger shape bias after they are fully learned. The work highlights how categorization and word learning are graded and intertwined.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document