Pitch shape modulates the time course of tone vs pitch-accent identification in Mandarin Chinese

2017 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 2263-2276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaohong Wu ◽  
Marta Ortega-Llebaria
Keyword(s):  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Pitch Accent ◽  
Accent Identification

The time course of spoken word recognition in Mandarin Chinese: A unimodal ERP study

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianjun Huang ◽  
Jin-Chen Yang ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Chunyan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word

scholarly journals The time course of speech production revisited: no early orthographic effect, even in Mandarin Chinese

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Man Wang ◽  
Yiya Chen ◽  
Minghu Jiang ◽  
Niels O. Schiller
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Time Course

Time‐course of perception of Mandarin Chinese tones.

2009 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 2773-2773
Author(s):  
Chiung‐Yun Chang ◽  
Robert Allen Fox
Keyword(s):  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Mandarin Chinese Tones

Discourse-pragmatic principles for temporal reference in Mandarin Chinese conversation

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruey-Jiuan Regina Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Temporal Reference ◽  
Temporal System ◽  
Temporal Location ◽  
Narrative Context ◽  
Mandarin Speakers ◽  
Dynamic Time

This study investigates the Mandarin temporal system in ordinary conversations. It is found that during the dynamic time course of interaction, Mandarin speakers tend to rely more heavily on certain underlying principles, rather than on overt markers, to convey temporal location: In a narrative context, temporal reference is almost always established at the beginning of the story and is not subsequently changed, provided that there is a continuity of action across the verbs. In contexts where turn-by-turn talk is at work, speakers tend to establish the time reference through the inherent semantics of the verbs being employed. The data also suggest that other factors, such as shared knowledge and discourse co-text, appear to play a significant role in helping disambiguate the temporal standpoint of utterances which otherwise have potentially competing temporal anchors.

SECOND AND THIRD LANGUAGE LEARNERS’ SENSITIVITY TO JAPANESE PITCH ACCENT IS ADDITIVE

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (04) ◽  
pp. 897-910
Author(s):  
Seth Wiener ◽  
Seth Goss
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Pitch Perception ◽  
Pitch Accent ◽  
Third Language ◽  
Japanese Pitch Accent

AbstractThis study examines second (L2) and third (L3) language learners’ pitch perception. We test the hypothesis that a listener’s discrimination of and sensitivity (d’) to Japanese pitch accent reflects how pitch cues inform all words a listener knows in an additive, nonselective manner rather than how pitch cues inform words in a selective, Japanese-only manner. Six groups of listeners performed a speeded ABX discrimination task in Japanese. Groups were defined by their L1, L2, and L3 experience with the target language’s pitch cues (Japanese), a language with less informative pitch cues (English), or a language with more informative pitch cues (Mandarin Chinese). Results indicate that sensitivity to pitch is better modeled as a function of pitch’s informativeness across all languages a listener speaks. These findings support cue-centric views of perception and transfer, demonstrate potential advantageous transfer of tonal-L1/L2 speakers, and highlight the cumulative role that pitch plays in language learning.

scholarly journals Lexical encoding of L2 tones: The role of L1 stress, pitch accent and intonation

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Braun ◽  
Tobias Galts ◽  
Barış Kabak
Keyword(s):  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
First Language ◽  
Pitch Accent ◽  
Prosodic Structure ◽  
Lexical Tone ◽  
Word Prosody ◽  
Mismatch Condition ◽  
Complete Match

Native language prosodic structure is known to modulate the processing of non-native suprasegmental information. It has been shown that native speakers of French, a language without lexical stress, have difficulties storing non-native stress contrasts. We investigated whether the ability to store lexical tone (as in Mandarin Chinese) also depends on the first language (L1) prosodic structure and, if so, how. We tested participants from a stress language (German), a language without word stress (French), a language with restricted lexical tonal contrasts (Japanese), and Mandarin Chinese controls. Furthermore, German has a rich intonational structure, while French and Japanese dispose of fewer utterance-level pitch contrasts. The participants learnt associations between disyllabic non-words (4 tonal contrasts) and objects and indicated whether picture–word pairs matched with what they had learnt (complete match, segmental or tonal mismatch conditions). In the tonal mismatch condition, the Mandarin Chinese controls had the highest sensitivity, followed by the German participants. The French and Japanese participants showed no sensitivity towards these tonal contrasts. Utterance-level prosody is hence better able to predict success in second language (L2) tone learning than word prosody.

Ultrastructural Changes of the Symbiotic Chlorella-Like Alga Isolated from Hydra Viridis

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 320-321
Author(s):  
K.W. Lee ◽  
R.H. Meints ◽  
D. Kuczmarski ◽  
J.L. Van Etten
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Reciprocal Cross ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Cell Recognition ◽  
Green Hydra ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Hydra Viridis

The physiological, biochemical, and ultrastructural aspects of the symbiotic relationship between the Chlorella-like algae and the hydra have been intensively investigated. Reciprocal cross-transfer of the Chlorellalike algae between different strains of green hydra provide a system for the study of cell recognition. However, our attempts to culture the algae free of the host hydra of the Florida strain, Hydra viridis, have been consistently unsuccessful. We were, therefore, prompted to examine the isolated algae at the ultrastructural level on a time course.

Destruction of Actin Filaments by Osmium Tetroxide

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 466-467
Author(s):  
P. Maupin-Szamier ◽  
T. D. Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Rabbit Muscle ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Sodium Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Rates Of Decay ◽  
Short Time

We have studied the destruction of rabbit muscle actin filaments by osmium tetroxide (OSO4) to develop methods which will preserve the structure of actin filaments during preparation for transmission electron microscopy.Negatively stained F-actin, which appears as smooth, gently curved filaments in control samples (Fig. 1a), acquire an angular, distorted profile and break into progressively shorter pieces after exposure to OSO4 (Fig. 1b,c). We followed the time course of the reaction with viscometry since it is a simple, quantitative method to assess filament integrity. The difference in rates of decay in viscosity of polymerized actin solutions after the addition of four concentrations of OSO4 is illustrated in Fig. 2. Viscometry indicated that the rate of actin filament destruction is also dependent upon temperature, buffer type, buffer concentration, and pH, and requires the continued presence of OSO4. The conditions most favorable to filament preservation are fixation in a low concentration of OSO4 for a short time at 0°C in 100mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.0.

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