Interaction in pathological contexts

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Isabelle Guaïtella
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
New Information ◽  
Multihandicapped Persons

In this paper we investigate the behavior patterns (both vocal and gestural) of Alzheimer patients and multihandicapped persons communicating with peers and therapists in an interaction situation. Communicative items were analyzed automatically and sorted into patterns. The results showed that despite their reported ‘linguistic’ disabilities, the patients not only played their role in the interaction, but were also able to lead the conversation and take initiatives. In spite of their vulnerability, both types of patients, particularly those with Alzheimer’s disease, exhibited the ability to integrate new information and to get involved in the dialogue.

scholarly journals Integrating Biomarker Outcomes into Clinical Trials for Alzheimer’s Disease in Down Syndrome

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Rafii ◽  
S. Zaman ◽  
B.L. Handen
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Natural History ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinically Meaningful Outcomes

The NIH-funded Alzheimer’s Biomarker Consortium Down Syndrome (ABC-DS) and the European Horizon 21 Consortium are collecting critical new information on the natural history of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) biomarkers in adults with Down syndrome (DS), a population genetically predisposed to developing AD. These studies are also providing key insights into which biomarkers best represent clinically meaningful outcomes that are most feasible in clinical trials. This paper considers how these data can be integrated in clinical trials for individuals with DS. The Alzheimer’s Clinical Trial Consortium - Down syndrome (ACTC-DS) is a platform that brings expert researchers from both networks together to conduct clinical trials for AD in DS across international sites while building on their expertise and experience.

Memory for new information as a cognitive marker of liability to Alzheimer's disease in a high risk group: a research note

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Rice ◽  
Richard Abraham ◽  
Varuni Rudrasingham ◽  
Michael J. Owen ◽  
Julie Williams
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Research Note ◽  
New Information ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals LRRK2p.G2019S Mutation Is Not Common among Alzheimer’s Disease Patients in Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cíntia Barros Santos-Rebouças ◽  
Cláudia Bueno Abdalla ◽  
Paloma Águia Martins ◽  
Fábio José Rodrigues Baldi ◽  
Jussara Mendonça Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Linkage Peak ◽  
Lrrk2 Mutation ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
New Information ◽  
Lrrk2 Gene ◽  
Different Populations

Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene have emerged as a potential common cause for both sporadic and familial Parkinson’s Disease (PD) in different populations. The pleomorphic features exhibited by LRRK2 mutation carriers and the central role of Lrrk2 protein in the proper functioning of central nervous system suggest that mutations in this protein might be involved in multiple cellular processes leading to other neurodegenerative disorders than PD. The location of LRRK2 gene on chromosome 12, close to a linkage peak for familial late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), highlights that LRRK2 mutations might be involved in AD pathogenesis. We screened the most common LRRK2 mutation (p.G2019S) in a series of 180 consecutive patients clinically diagnosed with Alzheimer Disease (AD). We identified the p.G2019S in one AD patient with no PD signs, indicating that this mutation is not a common etiological factor for AD in our population (0.5%), corroborating recent data found in Norwegian, North American, Chinese and Italian populations. Nevertheless, these observations together with new information about the Lrrk2 critical multifunctionality do not rule out the possible influence of other variants within LRRK2 in AD, so that other screenings focusing in the whole extension of the LRRK2 using larger sized confirmed AD sample are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Avoiding Alzheimer’s disease: The important causative role of divalent copper ingestion

2019 ◽  
Vol 244 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Causative Role ◽  
Divalent Copper ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Information

In this review, we point out that developed countries are undergoing an epidemic of Alzheimer’s disease, not shared by undeveloped countries. We also point out that this epidemic is new, developing during the 20th century. This suggests that an environmental change occurring in the 20th century in developed countries is causing the epidemic. The author hypothesizes that the environmental change causing the epidemic of Alzheimer’s disease is ingestion of divalent copper. The hypothesis is based on data indicating that food copper is primarily monovalent copper, and humans evolved safe ways of channeling monovalent copper, but not divalent copper. Humans were not exposed to divalent copper until the 20th century, due to the use of copper plumbing and supplement pills containing copper, and that exposure, which occurs in developed countries, does not occur in undeveloped countries. Data in support of the hypothesis show that tiny amounts of divalent copper added to drinking water of Alzheimer’s disease animal models greatly enhance Alzheimer’s disease, and ingestion of copper (which is always divalent copper)-containing supplement pills by humans is quite toxic to cognition. Impact statement The work described in this review is very important to scientists working on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) because it reveals a cause for the explosive epidemic of this disease. It is also important to the public because it provides a method to avoid this newly revealed cause, and thereby avoid AD. The field is advanced because this review reveals new information about the mechanism of AD pathogenesis, namely copper, and specifically divalent copper, toxicity is important. New information about divalent copper toxicity in the brain affecting cognition is revealed. The field is impacted strongly because, in view of the frustrations that have occurred in treatment developed, now most AD can be prevented. This means the suffering of the patient, the prolonged and difficult care required by caregivers, and the enormous expenditures for this one disease, can now be avoided.

Taxonomy of evening and nighttime behavior patterns of persons with Alzheimer's disease

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanna J. Crosby ◽  
Christina L. Wyles ◽  
Joyce A. Verran ◽  
Concetta M. Tynan
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Behavior Patterns

Investigating the Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease Using Digital Volume Correlation Algorithm and Strain As a Metric

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annastacia K. McCarty ◽  
Sarah A. Bentil
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Digital Volume Correlation ◽  
Correlation Algorithm ◽  
New Information ◽  
Innovative Therapies ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

In the United States, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects one in ten people ages 65 and older. In most patients, the first indication of AD is the inability to remember new information, and symptoms grow to include behavior changes and increasing confusion and suspicions surrounding loved ones and daily events. As the disease progresses, the cortex and hippocampus regions of the brain decrease in size, allowing the fluid-filled ventricles within the brain to increase. New and innovative therapies to delay the onset of the disease and progression of the symptoms are being discovered. For example, the antibody solanezumab is undergoing clinical trials to determine its ability to reduce the levels of beta-amyloid in the brain, a known risk factor of AD. Consequently, the ability to identify patients who could benefit from the therapies will be invaluable. The purpose of this study is to determine if the digital volume correlation (DVC) algorithm can detect and track the onset and progression of AD using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the head. DVC measures the deformation and strain of the volumetric MRI dataset by tracking the changes in its grey value pattern. A collection of MRI datasets of a patient’s head, which include scans from a baseline visit and visits at 6 months, 12 months, and every 12 months thereafter, is used in our analysis. A strain is applied to each set of MRI scans prior to implementation of the digital volume correlation algorithm. The DVC algorithm is then applied to the dataset and the resulting error between the expected and calculated strain is computed. A decrease in the contrast of the MRI dataset will correlate to additional error by the algorithm. As a result, an increase in the calculated strain error is anticipated to correlate with an increase in the ventricles in the brain, or progression of the disease, over the time period of interest.

scholarly journals Memory Training for Individuals with Alzheimer’s Disease Improves Name Recall

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Kesslak ◽  
K. Nackoul ◽  
C. A. Sandman
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Memory Training ◽  
Impaired Ability ◽  
New Information ◽  
Intervention Efficacy

Alzheimer’s disease is clinically characterized by a variety of progressive cognitive deficits, most notably an impaired ability to acquire new information, such as name recall. Eleven demented patients and 11 controls participated in a 4 week memory program that included training in name–face recall. Individuals were taught strategies for name–face rehearsal, and administered task specific and standardized tests to assess the intervention efficacy. During the memory training patients improved recall of names and faces (p

Frontiers in Neuropharmacotherapy Part I: Alzheimer’s Disease and Epilepsy

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill C. Chappell ◽  
Henry Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
New Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
New Information ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Therapeutic Alternatives

Cholinesterase inhibitors, and particularly donepezil, are the standard of care in the management of Alzheimer’s disease. Newer agents, such as rivastigmine, galantamine, and metrifonate, provide therapeutic alternatives but have advantages and disadvantages compared with donepezil. Clinical studies and continued research of the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease help define the role of both the newer agents and the original cholinesterase inhibitor, tacrine. Therapies with other mechanisms of action, such as estrogen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are also being actively investigated for their effects on cognition. Since 1993, 8 new antiepileptic drugs have been approved by the FDA, including felbamate, gabapentin, lamotrigine, topiramate, tiagabine, and 3 recently introduced agents, oxcarbazepine, levetiracetam, and zonisamide. These second-generation agents are generally more tolerable and have fewer drug interactions than traditional antiepileptics, and some provide alternative mechanisms that may be beneficial in the management of refractory epileptic disorders. However, until clinical experience with the newer antiepileptics accumulates and well-designed comparative trials are conducted, a review of individual studies of the safety and efficacy of the newer agents helps provide the basis for treatment decisions. New information regarding traditional therapies, including new formulations and updated treatment guidelines, also assist clinicians in optimizing antiepileptic therapy.

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