Why is Twitter so popular in Japan?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-289
Author(s):  
Mitsuko Narita Izutsu ◽  
Katsunobu Izutsu
Keyword(s):  
Information Capacity ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
Online Anonymity ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Japanese Character ◽  
The World

Abstract Across the countries of the world, Japan can rightly claim to be a great “Twitter nation” (Akimoto 2011). Japanese people like to tweet anytime and anywhere. Although the popularity of Twitter in Japan is often associated with the large information capacity of Japanese character sets (Wagner 2013), Neubig and Duh (2013) prove that this is not necessarily the case. Our research compares two sets of data (300 tweets for each) posted by Japanese and Americans, and demonstrates that Japanese tweets contain more monologic features, or show a higher degree of monologicity, than Americans’ tweets. Also, more than 60% of the sentence-ending forms in the Japanese tweets do not encode explicit addressee orientation. The study reveals that it is not the Japanese unique character sets, but the grammatical devices for monologization that linguistically allow Japanese users to enjoy the fullest benefits of online anonymity and addressee underspecification provided by Twitter.

scholarly journals Japanese Character Input: Its State and Problems

1981 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Ichiko Morita
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
Computer Processing ◽  
Research Libraries ◽  
Vernacular Language ◽  
Japanese Character ◽  
The World ◽  
Computer Input ◽  
The Government ◽  
Private Corporations ◽  
Large Research

<p class="p1">Computer processing of information is highly advanced in japan, and it continues to be researched and improved by the cooperative <span class="s1">efforts </span>of the government, private corporations, and individual scientists, who are among the best in the world. This paper introduces various approaches to the computer input of information currently developed in japan, and discusses the possibility of their applications to the processing of East Asian-vernacular language materials in large research libraries in this country.</p>

The New French Electoral Law and the Elections of 1928

1928 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 684-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter R. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
National Elections ◽  
National Union ◽  
Logical Interpretation ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Program ◽  
Electoral Law ◽  
Western Democracies

The year 1928 will witness national elections in at least three of the great western democracies of the world. The first of these important electoral contests took place in France on the last two Sundays in April. Following a campaign of unique character, some 8,000,000 voters went to the polls to pass judgment upon the record of M. Poincaré's National Union government—a government headed, strangely enough, by the same man whom the electorate had seemingly repudiated four years earlier. Not only was this contest unusual in that it brought into play certain new kinds of campaign technique, but when carefully analyzed in the light of the operation of the new electoral law, the outcome almost defies any logical interpretation. On the surface, it has been heralded as a great personal triumph for Premier Poincaré as the “savior of the franc.” But more than that one cannot say; for he presented his case without the least semblance of a political program, and the party complexion of the newly elected Chamber of Deputies is baffling. Nor is one certain that it faithfully reflects the existing state of public opinion in the nation.A resumé of the provisions of the latest electoral law, enacted in July, 1927, is necessary for a full understanding of what happened at the polls. In France, as all students of politics know, “electoral reform” is a perennial question. Since 1871 five successive systems of voting have been used: to 1885, the scrutin uninominal, or d'arrondissement; from 1885 to 1889, the scrutin de liste; from 1889 to 1919, the scrutin uninominal again; from 1919 to 1927, the scrutin de liste, with partial proportional representation; and now a reversion once more to the old scrutin uninominal.

Language nationalism? Kanji on the Internet

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Nanette Gottlieb
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Language ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Writing System ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
The World ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
The Way

ABSTRACTAs of August 1998, the Japanese language was the second most widely used language other than English on the Internet. It has from time to time been argued that the way in which the Japanese view their language contributes to a kind of language nationalism which functions to emphasise the separateness of the Japanese people from others in the affective as well as linguistic sense. In an extension of this debate, some have suggested that the continued use of the Japanese writing system in the computer age acts to reinforce a barrier between Japan and the rest of the world. This paper examines the issues involved in the language nationalism view of the Japanese script and argues that the use of characters on the Internet should be seen as nothing more than the continuation of an existing infrastructure.

scholarly journals Linguo-cultural concepts of colour in english, french and russian (on the material of phraseological units with colour attribute)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (24) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Glebova ◽  
◽  
Irina A. Tislenkova ◽  
Irina V. Bgantseva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Community ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Cultural Concepts ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All

The relevance of the given research can be explained by the fact that concepts of colour represent significant information about the hierarchy of values within the linguistic community and contribute to the notion «colour picture of the world». It is reasonable to conduct a research of colour from the perspective of cultural linguistics, in particular, of its branch, linguistic conceptology. The article provides a linguo-cultural analysis of the colour conceptual sphere, represented by phraseological units with colour attribute and colour words in the english, french and russian languages. The objectives of the research are to carry out a comparative analysis of phraseological units with colour attribute and colour words in the english, french and russian languages and reveal their universality, difference and their unique character in the linguistic cultures under consideration. The main methods of the research are comparative and interpretation analyses as well as etymological and quantitative methods. The main sources for the research are phraseological units with colour attribute and words denoting colour collected from english, french and russian phraseology dictionaries using the continuous sampling method. The research has led to the following conclusions: man perceives the world around through colours, because colour accompanies almost all manifestations of human life; every language culture is characterized by its own ethnic-priority and ethnic-relevant colours; colour acts as an expression of universality, difference and uniqueness in the perception of the outside world. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the development of linguistic and cultural conceptology with regard to the conceps of colour.

Psychological Humanities, Sciences, and the Arts in Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Vassilieva
Keyword(s):  
Art Criticism ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Science And Art ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Emotional Work ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The One ◽  
The Ideal

The interdisciplinary connections between psychology, the humanities, and the arts in Russia played a powerful role in delineating the unique character of the psychological field in the country. During the 19th and early 20th centuries an approach in Russian psychology that drew on the work of philosophers and theologists, art and literature critics, poets and writers represented a powerful current in the Russian quest for self-understanding. The interdisciplinary exchanges between psychology, sciences, and the arts intensified after the October Revolution of 1917. The revolution’s imperative of reshaping the world in a socialist mold ushered in a period of bold experimentation in the arts and the formulation of similarly ambitious research agendas in the sciences. The first 15 years following the revolution saw intense traffic between scientific laboratories, research institutes, and teaching institutions, on the one hand, and theaters, art studios, and the cinema industry, on the other, reconfiguring what had traditionally been understood as the distinct domains of science and art. The ideal of synthetic knowledge and the imperative of integration, especially in the domain of psychology, was also the main driving force behind the emergence of the cultural-historical paradigm proposed by Lev Vygotsky. Moreover, many of Vygotsky’s key concepts—including sign, mediation, and “perejivanie” (emotional work)—are indebted to his early encounters with literature, theater, and art criticism. A non-classical paradigm, the most recent and original development in Russian psychology, continues to draw important insights from aesthetic theories and philosophy. Overall, the Russian tradition in psychological humanities provides a powerful example of epistemological practice that brings art, humanistic inquiry, and scientific research well and truly together, generating a remarkable synthesis of knowledge.

Introduction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Reed
Keyword(s):  
Oscar Wilde ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
The World

The whole of Japan is a pure invention. There is no such country, there are no such people. … The Japanese people are, as I have said, simply a mode of style, an exquisite fancy of art. —Oscar Wilde If I want to imagine a fictive nation, … I can … isolate somewhere in the world (...

scholarly journals Alma M. Karlin's Visits to Temples and Shrines in Japan

Poligrafi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (93/94) ◽  
pp. 3-48
Author(s):  
Chikako Shigemori Bučar
Keyword(s):  
Religious Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World

Alma Maximiliana Karlin (1889 - 1950), born in Celje, went on a journey around the world between 1919 and 1928, and stayed in Japan for a little more than a year, from June 1922 to July 1923. There is a large collection of postcards which she used and brought back to Slovenia, presently archived in the Regional Museum of Celje. Among them there is quite a number of postcards from Japan (528 pieces), and those of temples and shrines, including tombs of emperors and other historical persons, amount to 100. Alma almost always wrote on the reverse of these postcards some lines of explanation about each picture in German. On the other hand, the Japanese part of her travelogue is very short, only about 40 pages of 700 pages in two volumes. (Einsame Weltreise / Im Banne der Südsee). In order to understand Alma Karlin’s observation and interpretation of things related to religions in Japan and beliefs of Japanese people, we depend on her memos on the picture postcards and her rather subjective pieces of impressions in her travelogue. This paper presents facts on the religious sights which Alma visited, and analysis of Alma’s understanding and interpretation of the Japanese religious life.

scholarly journals Snow in the Russian Language Picture of the World

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (29) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
Jelena Kazimianec
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Weather Phenomenon ◽  
The World ◽  
Aesthetic Concepts ◽  
The Russian Language

This article carries out a semantic and pragmatic description of the Russian word снег “snow,” considering its synonymic and word-formation relations, establishing a family of words, and defining the semantic oppositions in which the word “snow” and its separate word usages appear. The author pays particular attention to the pragmatic connotations of this word, placing them against a background of the different foreign language connotations of appropriating words. The article further investigates the group of the words designating the weather phenomena that typically accompany snowfall: метель “a snowstorm,” вьюга “a snowstorm, a blizzard,” буран “a severe snowstorm,” and пурга “a snowstorm, a blizzard,” defining their semantic range and features of how they function in speech. On the basis of an analysis of the facts provided in dictionaries and poetic discourses, the author comes to a conclusion about the existence of a separate semantic group of words with this meaning that proves the special importance of this weather phenomenon for Russians. The analysis also provides a way to determine that, unlike in other languages, the concept of “snow” in the Russian picture of the world is considered as an active figure: the word combination снег идет “it is snowing” is associated with positive concepts about happiness, the novelty of life, satisfaction with Russian aesthetic concepts about beauty, etc. The author proves that words and concepts united by the component “snow” possess a certain romantic nuance in which, it may be claimed, the unique character of Russian culture consists.

scholarly journals The Development of the Polish National Cittaslow Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wioletta Wierzbicka ◽  
Eliza Farelnik ◽  
Agnieszka Stanowicka
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Network Member ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Environmental Measures

The purpose of this article has been to present the history of the Polish National Cittaslow Network, to discuss its development and to draw the attention to the diversity of network member cities. The authors emphasise the fact that the Polish National Cittaslow Network is developing very dynamically, and is the second largest network of Cittaslow in the world. Today, it is composed of 28 cities, of which 20 lie in the Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship. Other two centers are currently in the process of joining the network. The member cities are diverse in terms of their size as well as environmental or cultural assets. They are also diverse in terms of the level of socio-economic development. There are such cities in the network whose level of entrepreneurship, measured by the number of private sector businesses per 1,000 residents, is much higher than the average for the whole network (Rzgów, Murowana Goślina), but there are also cities with a very low level of entrepreneurship (Rejowiec Fabryczny, Jeziorany). Despite the differences, the cities associated in the network share the same concept and pursue shared aims in order to improve the quality of life for their inhabitants. They are proponents of implementing pro-social and pro-environmental measures, while striving to preserve the unique character of each of these cities.

Hindsight Bias Around the World

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger F. Pohl ◽  
Michael Bender ◽  
Gregor Lachmann
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Adaptive Learning ◽  
Hindsight Bias ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
Memory Design ◽  
North Americans ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
By Products

Hindsight bias refers to the tendency to overestimate in hindsight what one has known in foresight. Recently, two experiments extended the research to include samples from different cultures ( Choi & Nisbett, 2000 ; Heine & Lehman, 1996 ). Asking their participants what they would have guessed before they knew the outcome (“hypothetical design”), Choi and Nisbett (2000 ) found that Koreans, in comparison to North Americans, exhibited more hindsight bias. Heine and Lehman (1996 ), however, reported that Japanese people in comparison to Canadians showed marginally less hindsight bias. In a second study, in which participants were asked to recall what they had estimated before they knew the outcome (“memory design”), the latter authors found no difference in hindsight bias between Japanese people and Canadians. We extended these studies with 225 Internet participants, in a hypothetical design, from four different continents (Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America). Hindsight bias was large and similar for all samples except for German and Dutch participants who showed no hindsight bias at all. While the latter effect may be based on peculiarities of the material and of the participants, the former underscores the worldwide stability of the phenomenon. In addition a follow-up surprise rating (paper and pencil) in China (35 participants) and Germany (20 participants) revealed that only less surprising items led to hindsight bias while more surprising ones did not. We suggest that the basic cognitive processes leading to hindsight bias are by-products of the evolutionary-evolved capacity of adaptive learning. On top of these basic processes, individual meta-cognitions (e.g., elicited by surprise) or motives (e.g., a self-serving motive) may further moderate the amount of bias, thus explaining the diverging results of Choi and Nisbett (2000 ), Heine and Lehman (1996 ), and our own study.

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