Microclimatic conditions in maternity caves of the bent-wing bat, Miniopterus schreibersii: an attempted restoration of a former maternity site.

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 607 ◽  
Author(s):  
RV Baudinette ◽  
RT Wells ◽  
KJ Sanderson ◽  
B Clark
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Prime Factor ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
High Relative Humidity ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions

A 2-year study of Bat and Robertson caves in south-eastern South Australia provided information on the microclimatic conditions in a maternity cave of the bat Miniopterus schreibersii. The study also monitored changes in the temperature and humidity conditions in what is believed to be a former maternity site, Robertson Cave, following restoration of the damaged dome. The maternity cave, Bat Cave, was characterised by mild hypoxic and hypercapnic conditions, high relative humidity, and temperatures in the roosting area of around 30°C. Accumulated guano deposits had some areas of heat generation, but the bats themselves appeared to be the primary modifiers of their own microenvironment. To support this finding, the recapping of Robertson Cave resulted in high humidities and a narrow range of temperature fluctuations; however, the temperature never reached the levels seen in Bat Cave. Our conclusion that the heat production of the bats themselves is the prime factor affecting microclimatic conditions necessary for breeding may relate to the observation that few maternity sites serve large and widespread populations of this species.

The nutrition of the female mink (Mustela vison). I. The metabolic rate of the mink

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Farrell ◽  
A. J. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Mustela Vison ◽  
High Relative Humidity ◽  
Ambient Temperatures

The resting heat production of two female mink subjected to different ambient temperatures was minimal at 25 ± 2 °C. These animals, when exposed to temperatures above 29 °C and to a high relative humidity, became restless, but showed no such discomfort at temperatures close to 0 °C.The basal heat production (76.5 kcal/W0.73) of three sleeping female mink was within the range that would be predicted from work with other species.

The ecology of Oncopera Fasciculata (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) in South Australia. 3. The influence of temperature and moisture on speed of development and survival rate of the Larvae.

1956 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
PE Madge
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Active Feeding ◽  
Unfavourable Weather

In South Australia the underground grass caterpillar, Oncopera fasciculata (Walker), is found only in the higher rainfall area in the south-eastern portion of the State. It appears that the distribution and numbers of this pest of improved pastures are mainly restricted by unfavourable weather (dry and hot) during the egg and early larval stages (late spring-early summer). These stages, as well as older larvae established in subterranean burrows, stand a better chance to survive the dryness and heat where the surface of the ground is covered with dense herbage. Unfed, first-instar larvae are much more susceptible to loss of water than are the eggs. Larvae remain virtually dormant during the summer, but from about April onwards they grow rapidly. The resumption of active feeding and growth is associated with the first substantial autumn rains. During autumn, when the rainfall may be intermittent, the larvae feed more actively during wet periods and become relatively inactive again during dry periods. The relative humidity of the air at the base of a subterranean burrow where the larvae lives was usually above 95 per cent., even when the relative humidity of the air just above the mouth of the burrow was as low as 65 per cent. No measurements were taken during the height of the summer, when the burrows may have been drier than this.

Persistence of nosocomial bacteria on 2 biocidal fabrics based on silver under conditions of high relative humidity

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 879-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa López-Gigosos ◽  
Alberto Mariscal ◽  
Mario Gutierrez-Bedmar ◽  
Eloisa Mariscal-Lopez ◽  
Joaquín Fernández-Crehuet
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
High Relative Humidity

The Status of the School Shark Fishery in South-Eastern Australian Waters

1959 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Slow Growth Rate ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Annual Total ◽  
The Mean

The maximum yield of the school shark fishery in south-eastern Australian waters was 4.09 million lb in 1949. The catch has fluctuated since then about a declining trend to 3.18 million lb in 1956. In 1944, 7.3 hooks were required to catch a shark of mean weight 14.7 lb. In 1956 the number of hooks required was almost doubled: 13.6 hooks were needed to catch sharks of mean weight 13.7 lb; the catch per hook dropped from 2.01 to 0.99 lb. Whereas the catch per boat-month remained relatively stable at 4765 lb for 1944 and 4643 for 1956, the number of hooks used per boat-month increased from 2366 to 4668 hooks in 12 years. Throughout this period the mean weight of sharks in eastern Bass Strait remained fairly steady (11-13 lb) whereas there was a drop of 3 lb from a mean weight of 17-20 lb in the predominantly mature portion of the stock in western Bass Strait. Fishermen in South Australia have reported a comparable drop in the mean weight of sharks in their catches. During the period 1941-46 there was unrestricted inshore fishing of juveniles and pregnant females with a consequent severe drop in the inshore population. The subsequent decline in the annual total catch is believed to be due not only to a too intensive offshore fishery but also to the resultant reduced recruitment and depressed reproductive potential caused by the earlier destruction of juveniles and pregnant females. In the data presented in this paper there is evidence that the school shark fishery, which is operating on a single stock of sharks with a slow growth rate, a late sexual maturity, and a low fecundity, shows trends which are suggestive of depletion. Because similar trends in the soupfin shark fishery of California and in the dogfish fishery of British Columbia were followed by depletion, it has been inferred that regulations to protect the vulnerable phases of the life history of the school shark of Australia may be required. Measures for conservation are discussed.

Electrostatics demonstrations at high relative humidity

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Lichten ◽  
Paul McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
High Relative Humidity
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