The nutrition of the female mink (Mustela vison). I. The metabolic rate of the mink

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Farrell ◽  
A. J. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Mustela Vison ◽  
High Relative Humidity ◽  
Ambient Temperatures

The resting heat production of two female mink subjected to different ambient temperatures was minimal at 25 ± 2 °C. These animals, when exposed to temperatures above 29 °C and to a high relative humidity, became restless, but showed no such discomfort at temperatures close to 0 °C.The basal heat production (76.5 kcal/W0.73) of three sleeping female mink was within the range that would be predicted from work with other species.

Effects of altered ambient temperature on metabolic rate during CO2 inhalation

1985 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 1592-1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Kaminski ◽  
H. V. Forster ◽  
G. E. Bisgard ◽  
L. G. Pan ◽  
S. M. Dorsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Breathing Frequency ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Respiratory Heat Loss ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Stimulation Of

The purpose of this study was to determine if the changes in O2 consumption (VO2) during CO2 inhalation could in part be due to stimulation of thermogenesis for homeothermy. Twelve ponies were exposed for 30-min periods to inspired CO2 (PIco2) levels of less than 0.7, 14, 28, and 42 Torr during the winter at 5 (neutral) and 23 degrees C ambient temperatures (TA) and during the summer at 21 (neutral TA), 30, and 12 degrees C. Elevating TA in both seasons resulted in an increased pulmonary ventilation (VE) and breathing frequency (f) (P less than 0.01) but no significant increase in VO2 (P greater than 0.05). Decreasing TA in the summer resulted in a decrease in VE and f (P less than 0.01) but no significant change in VO2 (P greater than 0.05). At neutral TA in both seasons, VO2 increased progressively (P less than 0.05) as PIco2 was increased from 14 to 28 and 42 Torr. The increases in VO2 during CO2 inhalation were attenuated (P less than 0.05) at elevated TA and accentuated at the relatively cold TA in the summer (P less than 0.05). Respiratory heat loss (RHL) during CO2 inhalation was inversely related to TA. Above a threshold RHL of 2 cal X min-1 X m-2, metabolic heat production (MHP) increased 0.3 cal X min-1 X m-2 for each unit increase in RHL during CO2 inhalation at the neutral and elevated TA. However, during cold stress in the summer, the slope of the MHP-RHL relationship was 1.6, indicating an increased MHP response to RHL.

The effects of temperature and relative humidity on the thermoregulatory responses of grouped and isolated neonate chicks

1976 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. Misson
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Evaporative Heat Loss ◽  
Evaporative Water ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Metabolic Heat ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

SUMMARYMeasurements of O2 consumption (Vo2), CO2 production (VCO2) evaporative water loss and rectal temperature (Tr) have been made and metabolic heat production (H), evaporative heat loss (—E) and respiratory quotient (RQ) calculated with individual and groups of 1-day-old chicks at constant ambient temperatures (To) in the range 20—43 °C and 80 or 20% relative humidity (R.H.).Minimal metabolism (10·7 kJ/kgJ/h) occurred at 35 °C.One-day-old chicks act as heterotherms outside the zone of minimal metabolism since neither H nor —E are sufficiently developed mechanisms to maintain homeothermy.Huddling allows chicks to maintain a higher TT at a lower H per unit metabolic body size.Reducing E.H. from 80 to 20% raised the upper temperature survival limit (UTSL) from 41·5 to 43 °C.Panting was initiated when Ta = 38 °C and Tr was between 39·5 and 39·9 °C.

Thermoregulatory and metabolic changes during fever in young and old rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (5) ◽  
pp. R1165-R1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica B. Buchanan ◽  
Elizabeth Peloso ◽  
Evelyn Satinoff
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Heat Conservation ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
S Peak

We injected old and young rats with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 50 μg/kg ip) at two ambient temperatures ( Ta; 21 and 31°C). Young rats mounted equivalent fevers at both Tas [peak body temperatures ( Tb) of 38.3 and 38.7°C, respectively]. The Tbof old rats was not different from baseline (37.3°C) after LPS at Ta21°C, whereas, at 31°C, their Tbrose to a mean peak of 38.4°C. We also measured the associated thermoregulatory responses by use of calorimetry. At 21°C, young rats developed a fever by increasing both O2consumption and heat conservation. Old rats did not become febrile, and O2consumption fell by 15%. Heat loss was the same in old and young rats. At 31°C, young and old rats developed similar fevers with similar increases in heat production and conservation. Our results suggest that the lack of LPS fever in old rats at 21°C is due mainly to the lowered metabolic rate.

Temperature regulation in the new-born lamb. IV. The effect of wind and evaporation of water from the coat on metabolic rate and body temperature

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Temperature Regulation ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Cooling Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
New Born

The study of temperature regulation in new-born lambs has been extended from dry lambs in "still air" at various ambient temperatures to dry lambs in a wind of 550 cm sec-l, and to lambs whose coats are drying. Exposure to wind resulted in an increased slope of the line relating heat production to ambient temperature, but under the experimental conditions evaporation of water from the coat added approximately the same increment at all ambient temperatures. The effects of wind and evaporation at any one temperature appeared additive. The heat loss from naturally wet new-born lambs less than 1 hr old, in a wind, was greater than in slightly older lambs wetted with tap water. Lambs with hairy coats were able to conserve heat more readily than lambs with fine coats. The cooling efficiency of evaporation from the coat was about 25%. The elevation in temperature of the extremities which follows feeding and persists under conditions of moderate heat loss, appears to be almost abolished under conditions of high heat loss. During the studies on drying lambs, beat loss in many lambs exceeded heat production, and rectal temperature fell, which thus indicated the maximum possible heat production (summit metabolic rate) of which lambs are capable. Lambs from ewes on low or medium levels of feeding during pregnancy cooled more readily than lambs from well-fed ewes.

Microclimatic conditions in maternity caves of the bent-wing bat, Miniopterus schreibersii: an attempted restoration of a former maternity site.

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 607 ◽  
Author(s):  
RV Baudinette ◽  
RT Wells ◽  
KJ Sanderson ◽  
B Clark
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Prime Factor ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
High Relative Humidity ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions

A 2-year study of Bat and Robertson caves in south-eastern South Australia provided information on the microclimatic conditions in a maternity cave of the bat Miniopterus schreibersii. The study also monitored changes in the temperature and humidity conditions in what is believed to be a former maternity site, Robertson Cave, following restoration of the damaged dome. The maternity cave, Bat Cave, was characterised by mild hypoxic and hypercapnic conditions, high relative humidity, and temperatures in the roosting area of around 30°C. Accumulated guano deposits had some areas of heat generation, but the bats themselves appeared to be the primary modifiers of their own microenvironment. To support this finding, the recapping of Robertson Cave resulted in high humidities and a narrow range of temperature fluctuations; however, the temperature never reached the levels seen in Bat Cave. Our conclusion that the heat production of the bats themselves is the prime factor affecting microclimatic conditions necessary for breeding may relate to the observation that few maternity sites serve large and widespread populations of this species.

Temperature Studies of the Mounds and Environment of Amitermes Evuncifer Silvestri (Isoptera: Termitidae).

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malaka SL Omo
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Nest Building ◽  
High Relative Humidity ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Amitermes Evuncifer

The temperatures (24.60-33.5�C) inside occupied mounds of Amitermes evuncifer Silvestri were generally higher than those inside abandoned mounds (21.5-28.8�C) or in the surrounding soils (22.6�-30.6�C). In general, the high temperatures of occupied mounds were comparatively more stable than the ambient temperatures. The reasons for this are discussed. The importance of high relative humidity of the atmosphere to the time of nest building and repairs was also observed.

Persistence of nosocomial bacteria on 2 biocidal fabrics based on silver under conditions of high relative humidity

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 879-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa López-Gigosos ◽  
Alberto Mariscal ◽  
Mario Gutierrez-Bedmar ◽  
Eloisa Mariscal-Lopez ◽  
Joaquín Fernández-Crehuet
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
High Relative Humidity

scholarly journals Phase separation during blood spreading

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Houssine Benabdelhalim ◽  
David Brutin
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Crime Scene Investigators ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Pool Area

AbstractBlood pools can spread on several types of substrates depending on the surrounding environment and conditions. Understanding the influence of these parameters on the spreading of blood pools can provide crime scene investigators with useful information. The focus of the present study is on phase separation, that is, when the serum spreads outside the main blood pool. For this purpose, blood pools with constant initial masses on wooden floors that were either varnished or not were created at ambient temperatures of $$21~^{\circ }\hbox {C}$$ 21 ∘ C , $$29~^{\circ }\hbox {C}$$ 29 ∘ C , and $$37~^{\circ }\hbox {C}$$ 37 ∘ C with a relative humidity varying from 20 to 90%. The range $$21~^{\circ }\hbox {C}$$ 21 ∘ C to $$37~^{\circ }\hbox {C}$$ 37 ∘ C covers almost all worldwide indoor cases. The same whole blood from the same donor was used for all experiments. As a result, an increase in relative humidity was found to result in an increase in the final pool area. In addition, at the three different experimental temperatures, the serum spread outside the main pool at relative humidity levels above 50%. This phase separation is more significant on varnished substrates, and does not lead to any changes in the drying morphology. This phenomenon is explained by the competition between coagulation and evaporation.

Metabolism during normoxia, hyperoxia, and recovery in newborn rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter B. Frappell ◽  
Andrea Dotta ◽  
Jacopo P. Mortola
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Oxygen Availability ◽  
Aerobic Metabolism ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Positive Effects

Aerobic metabolism (oxygen consumption, [Formula: see text], and carbon dioxide production, [Formula: see text]) has been measured in newborn rats at 2 days of age during normoxia, 30 min of hyperoxia (100% O2) and an additional 30 min of recovery in normoxia at ambient temperatures of 35 °C (thermoneutrality) or 30 °C. In normoxia, at 30 °C [Formula: see text] was higher than at 35 °C. With hyperoxia, [Formula: see text] increased in all cases, but more so at 30 °C (+20%) than at 35 °C (+9%). Upon return to normoxia, metabolism readily returned to the prehyperoxic value. The results support the concept that the normoxic metabolic rate of the newborn can be limited by the availability of oxygen. At temperatures below thermoneutrality the higher metabolic needs aggravate the limitation in oxygen availability, and the positive effects of hyperoxia on [Formula: see text] are therefore more apparent.Key words: neonatal respiration, oxygen consumption, thermoregulation.

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