An examination of a forest site which has exhibited the ash-bed effect

Soil Research ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
FR Humphreys ◽  
MJ Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
A Site ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

A site which has shown the 'ash-bed effect' to a marked degree was examined 9 years after planting with Pinus radiata. Trees grown in the ash-beds were found to be 1.2 to 1.4 times the height and more than twice the volume of trees grown next to the ashbeds. Chemical analysis of their foliage revealed that phosphorus levels were significantly higher in the ash-bed trees than in the normal trees, while the calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, aluminium, nitrogen, and manganese were the same. Soil analyses showed that the ash-bed soils had higher pH and exchangeable calcium contents and lower 'phosphorus adsorption capacity', exchangeable aluminium, and Tamm's oxalate-soluble aluminium than the normal soils, while no difference could be found in the loss on ignition, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, 'total' phosphorus, Tamm's oxalate-soluble iron, exchangeable potassium, sodium, or magnesium. The soil phosphorus was fractionated and it was found that the ratio of the phosphorus associated with aluminium to the 'total' phosphorus was significantly greater in the ash-bed soils than the other soils. In the material examined the 'ash-bed effect' is associated with increased phosphorus availability. This could arise from a change in the composition of the soil phosphorus, a reduction in phosphorus adsorptivity, a reduction in aluminium ion concentration, an increase in phosphorus solubility because of more favourable pH conditions, and increased calcium levels. The possibility of a nitrogen x phosphorus interaction in earlier years is discussed.

Seasonal nutrient and sodium accumulation in the macrophyte Pontederia cordata

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. L. Bayly ◽  
M. E. Shibley
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Sodium Accumulation ◽  
Pontederia Cordata ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Multiple Determination ◽  
Positive Correlations

A seasonal study of accumulation of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus was made on Pontederia cordata L., an important component of wetlands in North America. Twice weekly sampling of soil and plant material was made from May 23, 1975, to September 23, 1975. Results were analysed using the prepared program POLYFIT TSL, which fits a curve to the data and prepares an R2 value (coefficient of multiple determination) for the data. Positive correlations between seasonal growth events of P. cordata and accumulation of individual ions were obtained from the analysis. In addition, a positive correlation between accumulation of ions and changes of ion concentration in the upper horizon of the soil was detected for potassium and magnesium.

scholarly journals THE AVAILABILITY TO ALFALFA OF PHOSPHORUS FROM TWELVE DIFFERENT CARRIERS

1959 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Beaton ◽  
K. F. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Monocalcium Phosphate ◽  
High Base ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Extractable Soil ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

Availabilities of the phosphorus in twelve different phosphate sources to alfalfa were determined in a growth chamber. Two crops of alfalfa were grown on two soils of high base status, Machete stony sandy loam and Westwold loam. Fertilizer materials containing monocalcium phosphate or materials such as calcium metaphosphate which are converted to monocalcium phosphate brought about the greatest increases in yield. However, yield increases also resulted from treatments with the ammonium phosphates and orthophosphoric acid. Ammonium phosphate fertilizers were the most effective in increasing the percentage of phosphorus present in the alfalfa tissue. Ammonium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate materials were equally effective in increasing total phosphorus uptake by alfalfa. The amount of CO2 soluble phosphorus extracted from the Westwold loam, following treatment with the various phosphate sources, was correlated with the yield of the first crop of alfalfa. The average per cent P in the alfalfa tissue was found to be correlated with the CO2 soluble P. Both the NaHCO3 and CO2 extractable soil phosphorus levels of the Westwold loam, after it had been treated with the different phosphate materials, were found to be highly correlated with the phosphorus uptake by the second crop of alfalfa and with the total phosphorus uptake.

Spatial and Temporal Water Quality Trends in Severn Sound, Georgian Bay, since the Introduction of Phosphorus Control Guidelines: Nutrients and Phytoplankton, 1973 to 1991

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.F. Gemza
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Euphotic Zone ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

Abstract Severn Sound continues to exhibit signs of eutrophication despite initial identification of the problem in 1969 and the construction of several sewage treatment plants since then. In general, improvements in trophic state indicators have been marginal, suggesting that the sewage treatment plants have had limited success in controlling phosphorus concentrations. These discharges likely contributed to the increased total phosphorus levels and consequently the higher phytoplankton densities of the nearshore waters. Phytoplankton biovolumes were on average one order of magnitude higher than in the open waters of Lake Huron with mean summer biovolumes as high as 8.0 mm/L. Algal biovolumes were most dense in Penetang Bay, which experienced limited exchange with the main waters of the sound. No significant long-term trends were observed. Water clarity was declining significantly, however, at a rate of -0.60 to -0.78 m/year throughout the sound except in Sturgeon Bay. Total phosphorus levels were highly variable from year to year; however, concentrations from a 20-year perspective were declining in the open waters at a rate of 0.70 µg/L/year, but response was limited in nearshore areas. In Sturgeon Bay, mean annual euphotic zone total phosphorus as well as soluble reactive phosphorus levels declined by as much as 50% following the construction of a sewage treatment plant with tertiary treatment. Phytoplankton genera typical of eutrophic waters continued to dominate the algal assemblage but members indicative of mesotrophic conditions have become apparent in some areas of the sound.

scholarly journals Coffee Brews: Are They a Source of Macroelements in Human Nutrition?

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1328
Author(s):  
Ewa Olechno ◽  
Anna Puścion-Jakubik ◽  
Katarzyna Socha ◽  
Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Human Nutrition ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Coffee Brew ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Coffee Brews

Coffee brews, made by pouring water on coffee grounds or brewing in an espresso machine, are among the most popular beverages. The aim of this study was to summarize data on the content of macroelements (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus) in coffee brews prepared with different methods, as well as to review the factors influencing the content of the elements. Studies from 2000 to 2020, published in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, were reviewed. Taking into account the results presented by the authors, we calculated that one portion of coffee brew can cover 7.5% or 6.4% (for women and men) and 6.6% of the daily requirement for magnesium and potassium, respectively. Coffee provides slightly lower amounts of phosphorus (up to 2.2%), sodium (up to 2.2%), and calcium (up to 0.7% of the daily requirement for women and 0.6% for men). If coffee is drunk in the quantity of three to four cups, it can be an important source of magnesium, considering the risk of magnesium deficiency in modern societies.

Estimation of Soil Phosphorus Levels in Shrimp Ponds

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
G. Ritvo ◽  
M. Sherman ◽  
A. L. Lawrence ◽  
T. M. Samocha
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Shrimp Ponds ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

scholarly journals Nutritional factors in milk from Brazilian mothers delivering small for gestational age neonates

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anete S. Grumach ◽  
Solange E.I. Jerônimo ◽  
Marcia Hage ◽  
Magda M.S. Carneiro-Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

The composition of breast milk from brazilian mothers delivering low birthweight infants and its adequacy as a source of nutrients for this group has not yet been fully elucidated. A total of 209 milk samples from 66 women were analysed. The mothers were divided into three groups: G1, mothers delivering term babies of low birthweight (TSGA, n=16); G2, mothers delivering preterm babies of appropriate birthweight (PTAGA, n=20); G3, mothers delivering term babies of appropriate birthweight (TAGA, n=30). The following factors were analysed: osmolarity, total proteins and protein fractions, creamatocrit, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Milk samples were collected 48 h and 7, 15, 30 and 60 days after delivery. The groups did not differ significantly in terms of osmolarity, total proteins and fractions, creamatocrit, calcium, magnesium or potassium throughout the study period. Sodium levels were higher in all samples from mothers of TSGA infants and in samples from mothers of PTAGA infants on the 7th, 15th and 30th days than in milk from the TAGA group. The authors consider the needs of the low birthweight and TAGA infants and that these high sodium levels may be necessary for growth of low birthweight infants.

Mineral uptake and growth of sorghum colonized with VA mycorrhiza at varied soil phosphorus levels

1990 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 843-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Raju ◽  
R. B. Clark ◽  
J. R. Ellis ◽  
J. W. Maranville
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Va Mycorrhiza ◽  
Mineral Uptake ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

scholarly journals From ionising radiation to air ion formation in the lower atmosphere

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuemeng Chen ◽  
Veli-Matti Kerminen ◽  
Jussi Paatero ◽  
Pauli Paasonen ◽  
Hanna E. Manninen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Ionising Radiation ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Ion Formation ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Ion Production

Abstract. Most of the ion production in the atmosphere is attributed to ionising radiation. In the lower atmosphere, ionising radiation consists mainly of the decay emissions of radon and its progeny, gamma radiation of the terrestrial origin as well as photons and elementary particles of cosmic radiation. These types of radiation produce ion pairs via the ionisation of nitrogen and oxygen as well as trace species in the atmosphere, the rate of which is defined as the ionising capacity. Larger air ions are produced out of the initial charge carriers by processes, such as clustering or attachment to pre-existing aerosol particles. This study aimed 1) to identify the key factors responsible for the variability in ionising radiation and in the observed air ion concentrations, 2) to reveal the linkage between them, and 3) to provide an in-depth analysis into the effects of ionising radiation on air ion formation, based on measurement data collected during 2003–2006 from a boreal forest site in southern Finland. In general, gamma radiation dominated the ion production in the lower atmosphere. Variations in the ionising capacity came from mixing layer dynamics, soil type and moisture content, meteorological conditions, long-distance transportation, snow cover attenuation and precipitation. Similar diurnal patterns to variations in the ionising capacity were observed in air ion concentrations of the cluster size (0.8–1.7 nm in mobility diameters). Clear promotion effects of the ionising radiation on air ion production were demonstrated. Typically, features observed in the 0.8–1 nm ion concentration were in connection to variations of the ionising capacity. Further by carefully constraining perturbing variables, a clear relationship was also identifiable between the cluster ion concentration and the ionising capacity, proving the functionality of ionising radiation in air ion production in the lower atmosphere.

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