Maternal endometrial oedema may increase perinatal mortality of cloned and transgenic piglets

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 645 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schmidt ◽  
K. D. Winter ◽  
V. Dantzer ◽  
J. Li ◽  
P. M. Kragh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Large White ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Piglet Mortality

The perinatal mortality of cloned animals is a well-known problem. In the present retrospective study, we report on mortality of cloned transgenic or non-transgenic piglets produced as part of several investigations. Large White (LW) sows (n = 105) received hand-made cloned LW or minipig blastocysts and delivered either spontaneously or after prostaglandin induction followed by either Caesarean section or vaginal birth. The overall pregnancy rate was 62%, with 26% of pregnancies terminating before term. This resulted in 48 deliveries. The terminated pregnancies consisted of 12 abortions that occurred at 35 ± 2 days gestation and five sows that went to term without returning to heat and then by surgery showed the uterus without fetal content. The gestation length was for sows with LW piglets that delivered by Caesarean section or vaginally was 115.7 ± 0.3 and 117.6 ± 0.4 days, respectively. In sows with minipiglets, the gestation length for those delivered by Caesarean section or vaginally 114.4 ± 0.2 and 115.5 ± 0.3 days, respectively. Of the 34 sows that delivered vaginally, 28 gave birth after induction, whereas 6 farrowed spontaneously. Of the 14 sows that delivered after Caesarean section and in the five empty sows, the endometrium and placenta showed severe oedema. Piglet mortality following vaginal delivery was higher than after Caesarean section (31% v. 10%, respectively; P < 0.001). When vaginal delivery occurred spontaneously, the stillborn rate was greater than after induced delivery (56% v. 24%, respectively; P < 0.0001). Internal organ weights were recorded for seven cloned LW piglets and six normal piglets. The relative weight of the heart, liver, kidneys and small intestine was found to be reduced in the cloned piglets (P < 0.05). The present study demonstrates extensive endometrial oedema in sows pregnant with cloned and transgenic piglets, as well as in empty recipients, at term. The growth of certain organs in some of the cloned piglets was reduced and the rate of stillborn piglets was greater in cloned and transgenic piglets delivered vaginally, possibly because of oedema of the fetal–maternal interface.

Breech Presentation: Vaginal Delivery or Caesarean Section?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Tomescu Cezar Laurentiu ◽  
Rodica Sîrbu ◽  
Emin Cadar ◽  
Brezeanu Dragos ◽  
Aneta Tomescu
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Breech Presentation ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Number Of Patients

The incidence of breech presentation is approximately 3,97%. Breech presentation is considered as being “borderline eutocic” and it requires carefully monitoring both the foetus and the mother. The aim of the current paper is to evaluate the preffered method of delivery in case of breech presentation. The paper presents a retrospective study performed in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Departments of the County Emergency Clinical Hospital “Sf. Apostol Andrei” in Constanta, during a period of 5 years (2010-2014). The methods of birth were analyzed for a lot of 1104 patients with breech presentation with ages ranging between 16 and 44 years old. The total number of patients who gave birth through vaginal delivery was of 139 patients, amounting to 12.59% of the total population sample. The number of patients that gave birth through C-section was 965, which amounts to 87.4% of the total population sample. Birth through C-section is preferred by both obstetricians and patients alike, due to the fact that vaginal delivery is associated with a higher foetal risk in breech presentation.

scholarly journals Indicators for mode of delivery in pregnant women with uteruses scarred by prior caesarean section: a retrospective study of 679 pregnant women

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhifen Hua ◽  
Fadwa El Oualja
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Maternal Preference

Abstract Background The delivery mode for pregnant women with uteruses scarred by prior caesarean section (CS) is a controversial issue, even though the CS rate has risen in the past 20 years. We performed this retrospective study to identify the factors associated with preference for CS or vaginal birth after CS (VBAC). Methods Pregnant women (n = 679) with scarred uteruses from Moulay Ali Cherif Provincial Hospital, Rashidiya, Morocco, were enrolled. Gestational age, comorbidity, fetal position, gravidity and parity, abnormal amniotic fluid, macrosomia, placenta previa or abruptio, abnormal fetal presentation, premature rupture of fetal membrane with labor failure, poor progression in delivery, and fetal outcomes were recorded. Results Out of 679 pregnant women ≥28 gestational weeks, 351 (51.69%) had a preference for CS. Pregnant women showed preference for CS if they were older (95% CI 1.010–1.097), had higher gestational age (95% CI 1.024–1.286), and a shorter period had passed since the last CS (95% CI 0.842–0.992). Prior gravidity (95% CI 0.638–1.166), parity (95% CI 0.453–1.235), vaginal delivery history (95% CI 0.717–1.818), and birth weight (95% CI 1.000–1.001) did not influence CS preference. In comparison with fetal preference, maternal preference was the prior indicator for CS. Correlation analysis showed that pregnant women with longer intervals since the last CS and history of gravidity, parity, and vaginal delivery showed good progress in the first and second stages of vaginal delivery. Conclusions We concluded that maternal and gestational age and interval since the last CS promoted CS preference among pregnant women with scarred uteruses.

scholarly journals Comparative study of vaginal delivery and caesarean section in antepartum eclampsia at tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priti Kumari ◽  
Sipra Singh ◽  
Salma Khatun ◽  
. Shashikar
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Maternal Complications

Background: Eclampsia is characterized by the sudden onset of generalized tonic clonic seizures. Eclampsia is usually preceded by a history of the pre-eclampsia but rarely arises in a woman with minimally increased blood pressure and no proteinuria. Eclampsia most commonly occurs in the third trimester, though rarely eclampsia may occur before 20 wks in molar or multiple pregnancy. The aim of the study was to compare maternal and fetal outcome in antepartum eclampsia when terminated by vaginal delivery and caesarean section.Methods: 50 women with eclampsia attending emergency department OBG department of Katihar Medical College, Katihar were collected from Feb 2015 to Sep 2016. Depending upon the mode of delivery, they were divided into two groups, CD group where caesarean section was performed and VD group where vaginal delivery was performed.Results: Of the 50 cases, caesarean section was done in 40% of the cases, while vaginal delivery was carried was carried in 60%.Maternal complications in CD group was 35% and 80% in VD group (p<0.001).The incidence of live births, still birth and neonatal death was 85%, 15%, 0% in CD group and 60%, 40%, 10% in VD group. The corrected perinatal mortality was 50%.Conclusions: Timely caesarean section reduces maternal and perinatal mortality and improves their outcome in antepartum eclampsia.

A Review of Caesarean Sections at 30 Weeks Gestation or Less in the West of Scotland 1988–1989

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dodgson ◽  
F. Mackenzie ◽  
C.A. Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Infant Survival ◽  
The West ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Present Pregnancy

A retrospective study was carried out of caesarean sections at 30 completed weeks of gestation or less between 1/1/88 and 31/12/89 in Glasgow and The West of Scotland. One hundred and thirty-three caesarean sections were carried out resulting in 150 babies. Fifteen (11.3%) of these were classical sections. There were 30 neonatal deaths. The perinatal mortality rate was 170 per 1000. Survival was related to increasing gestation from 27 weeks onwards and also to birthweight from 900 grams onwards. In-utero transfers fared badly with seven out of 21 babies (33%) failing to survive beyond the neonatal period. Although survival continues to improve in newborns, the use of caesarean section should still be viewed with caution as the benefits in the very premature situation with regard to infant survival may be outweighed by the increased maternal morbidity both in the present pregnancy and future pregnancies.

Breech Presentation: Vaginal Delivery or Caesarean Section?

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Tomescu Cezar Laurentiu ◽  
Rodica Sîrbu ◽  
Emin Cadar ◽  
Brezeanu Dragos ◽  
Aneta Tomescu
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Breech Presentation ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Number Of Patients

The incidence of breech presentation is approximately 3,97%. Breech presentation is considered as being “borderline eutocic” and it requires carefully monitoring both the foetus and the mother. The aim of the current paper is to evaluate the preffered method of delivery in case of breech presentation. The paper presents a retrospective study performed in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Departments of the County Emergency Clinical Hospital “Sf. Apostol Andrei” in Constanta, during a period of 5 years (2010-2014). The methods of birth were analyzed for a lot of 1104 patients with breech presentation with ages ranging between 16 and 44 years old. The total number of patients who gave birth through vaginal delivery was of 139 patients, amounting to 12.59% of the total population sample. The number of patients that gave birth through C-section was 965, which amounts to 87.4% of the total population sample. Birth through C-section is preferred by both obstetricians and patients alike, due to the fact that vaginal delivery is associated with a higher foetal risk in breech presentation.

19 LIFETIME MORTALITY OF CLONED PIGLETS

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
M. Schmidt ◽  
K. D. Winther ◽  
H. Callesen
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Donor Cell ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Large White ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Donor Cells ◽  
Birth Data ◽  
Piglet Mortality

Perinatal mortality of cloned animals is a well-recognised problem, but it is not clear if and how the problems continue throughout the life of cloned animals. Here we report occurrence and causes of lifetime mortality of cloned piglets from their perinatal period and onwards. From 2006 until 2013, 178 Large White (LW) sows received Day 5–6 handmade cloned morulae or blastocysts where donor cells were from LW, Yucatan, or Göttingen, and were either transgenic or not. Pregnancy rate on Day 30 was 73%, but 19% terminated before term, resulting in 104/178 deliveries. For each litter, each piglet was characterised as either alive or stillborn (i.e. dead without signs of autolysis or dying during the first minutes after birth). Data were analysed by Fisher's Exact test with a significance level of P < 0.05. In the 104 litters, stillborn piglets were found in 54 (from 1 to 7 stillborn piglets in a litter), and the highest number of stillborns was found in Göttingen piglets (P < 0.05; see Table 1). Alive piglets were followed and their mortality registered, and they either died spontaneously (arthritis, pericarditis, enteritis, septicemia, lethal malformations) or were killed if they had other malformations, no weight gain, anorexia, bristly hair coat or signs of compromised well-being. Piglet mortality was highest in the perinatal period but remained high until weaning at Day 28 (see Table 1), so almost half of the alive piglets died during the first month; this preweaning mortality was highest in Yucatan piglets (P < 0.05), which also had the highest cumulative mortality. Further analyses are needed to describe differences observed between donor cell breeds. After weaning, where the pigs were kept under standard conditions, the mortality was at the normal level for the farm. Few died of infections with no breed differences, so most were killed over the subsequent months and years for various experimental purposes. The oldest pig lived until 6 years of age. During their life, no differences compared with noncloned pigs were observed in behaviour, growth, occurrence of diseases, or viability. This study confirms the well-known high perinatal mortality of cloned piglets and shows also high mortality until weaning. However, after weaning, mortality was not different from that of noncloned piglets. Table 1.Lifetime mortality rates in cloned piglets of different breeds and at different time periods after birth

scholarly journals Feto maternal outcome in eclampsia after 28 weeks of pregnancy: vaginal delivery versus caesarean section

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3875
Author(s):  
Bhawna Madan
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Still Births

Background: Eclampsia is the occurrence of convulsions or coma unrelated to other cerebral condition with signs and symptoms of preeclampsia. Objective of present study was the comparison of maternal and fetal outcome of women with more than 28 weeks gestation complicated by antepartum eclampsia when terminated either by caesarean section or by vaginal delivery.Methods: 200 Women with more than 28 weeks of gestation with antepartum eclampsia were studied from admission to discharge or death. Depending upon the mode of delivery, they were divided into two groups: C.D. group. Where caesarean section was performed and V.D. group, where vaginal delivery was carried out. Maternal and Perinatal outcome were studied in the two groups and compared.Results: Of the 200 cases, caesarean section was done in 40% of the cases, while vaginal delivery was carried out in 60%. Maternal complications were seen in 15% of the cases in the C.D group and 60% of the cases in the V.D. group. Maternal deaths occurred in none of the case in the C.D group and in 33% of the cases in the V.D group. The incidence of live births, still births and neonatal deaths was 87.8%, 2.43% and 9.75% respectively in the C.D group, while it was 49.16%, 45.16% and 9.67% in the V.D group The Corrected perinatal mortality was 9.75% in the C.D group and 43.55% in the V.D group. Apgar score less than 5 at l minute was seen in 35% cases in the C.D group and 82.35% cases in the V.D group.30% of the cases in the C.D group and 76.47% of the cases in the V.D group required NICU admission.Conclusions: Timely caesarean section reduces maternal and Perinatal mortality and improves their outcome in antepartum eclampsia, especially in women with more than 28 weeks of pregnancy.

scholarly journals STUDY OF PERINATAL MORTALITY IN TERM BREECH PRESENTATION WITH INCREASING CAESAREAN SECTION RATE

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
T. Padmavathi ◽  
Aruna
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Breech Presentation ◽  
Birth Trauma ◽  
Breech Delivery ◽  
Threefold Increase ◽  
King George Hospital

Breech presentation persists in 3-4% of all term deliveries. There is a threefold increase in perinatal mortality for breech infant delivered vaginally which is related to birth asphyxia and birth trauma. The most frequent cause of death in neonates delivered through breech is intracranial hemorrhage; so many obstetricians recommend caesarean section for breech presentation. It is a retrospective study regarding management of term breech presentation conducted in King George Hospital, Vishakhapatnam from 2012 to 2015 and the results are compared with a similar study conducted in 1981-1984.There is an increase in incidence of caesarean section and decrease in perinatal mortality in our present study when compared to previous study. Increase in caesarean section for breech delivery has decreased the overall incidence of perinatal mortality.

scholarly journals Rising trends of caesarean section: a retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1548
Author(s):  
Namrata Sethi ◽  
Sushma P. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Contributory Factors ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Over Time

Background: The indications of Caesarean Section (CS) have been changing over time, along with a visible, much talked about rise in the rate. Without a doubt, C-sections can effectively prevent maternal and perinatal mortality when done for a medical indication. However, little is researched about the extent of maternal indications and the fetal outcomes of C-sections.Methods: Data of January to March 2012 and January to March 2017 was obtained by detailed study of the patient files from the Medical Records Department of the hospital. A predesigned proforma was used to record the relevant information. Data was analysed using standard statistical methods.Results: Cephalo pelvic disproportion (CPD) and fetal distress (FD) remained the major causes of CS in both the groups, being 50.4% in group2012 and 60.5% in group2017. Trends of CS due to maternal demand and tubal ligations are emerging. Though the rise in CS was not significant in the 5 year period having gone up from 45.41% to 48.81%, there was significant increase in deliveries without complications, having jumped up from 74.8% to 88.3%.Conclusions: As per the study, there was non-significant rise in the incidence of C-sections in the time period of study. Major contributory factors observed were CPD and FD, in which it is imperative to perform C-sections.

scholarly journals Effect of Age on the Immune and Visceral Organ Weights and Cecal Traits in Modern Broilers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 845
Author(s):  
Yordan Martínez ◽  
Edison Altamirano ◽  
Victoria Ortega ◽  
Patricio Paz ◽  
Manuel Valdivié
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Visceral Organ ◽  
Absolute Weight ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Intestinal Microbiology ◽  
Effect Of Age

This study aimed to determine the effect of age on the immune and visceral organ weights and cecal traits in modern broilers. 200 male Ross® 308 broilers were randomly selected, then 20 broilers were slaughtered every day (up to 10 days old) after six hours of fasting. All the organs measured had a progressive increase in absolute weight as the days progressed, apart from the spleen, which decreased its absolute weight on day 5, even though on day 10 it showed the highest values. Moreover, the small intestine relative weight increased from the fourth to the ninth day and was correlated (p ≤ 0.05) with the relative weight of the proventriculus, gizzard, small intestine, and cecum, although without statistical association with the of the heart. There was a correlation between the cecum relative weight and the cecal lactic acid bacteria, and between the primary lymphoid organs. The pH (from 5.74 to 7.40) and cecal lactic acid bacteria (from 6.11 to 8.79 log 10 CFU/g) changed according to the age of the broilers. The results could contribute to the understanding of the physiology and intestinal microbiology of the first 10 days old of modern broilers, which is crucial to improve the genetic expression of these animals.

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