A framework for research into continental ancestry groups of the UK Biobank

The UK Biobank is a large prospective cohort, based in the United Kingdom, that has deep phenotypic and genomic data on roughly a half a million individuals. Included in this resource are data on approximately 78,000 individuals with "non-white British ancestry". Whilst most epidemiology studies have focused predominantly on populations of European ancestry, there is an opportunity to contribute to the study of health and disease for a broader segment of the population by making use of the UK Biobank's "non-white British ancestry" samples. Here we present an empirical description of the continental ancestry and population structure among the individuals in this UK Biobank subset. Reference populations from the 1000 Genomes Project for Africa, Europe, East Asia, and South Asia were used to estimate ancestry for each individual. Those with at least 80% ancestry in one of these four continental ancestry groups were taken forward (N=62,484). Principal component and K-means clustering analyses were used to identify and characterize population structure within each ancestry group. Of the approximately 78,000 individuals in the UK Biobank that are of "non-white British" ancestry, 50,685, 6,653, 2,782, and 2,364 individuals were associated to the European, African, South Asian, and East Asian continental ancestry groups, respectively. Each continental ancestry group exhibits prominent population structure that is consistent with self-reported country of birth data and geography. Methods outlined here provide an avenue to leverage UK Biobank's deeply phenotyped data allowing researchers to maximise its potential in the study of health and disease in individuals of non-white British ancestry.

Early assessment of the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and births in high-income countries

Drawing on past pandemics, scholars have suggested that the COVID-19 pandemic will bring about fertility decline. Evidence from actual birth data has so far been scarce. This brief report uses data on vital statistics from a selection of high-income countries, including the United States. The pandemic has been accompanied by a significant drop in crude birth rates beyond that predicted by past trends in 7 out of the 22 countries considered, with particularly strong declines in southern Europe: Italy (−9.1%), Spain (−8.4%), and Portugal (−6.6%). Substantial heterogeneities are, however, observed.

A SUPPORT OF THE HUSBAND DURING THE PROCESS OF LABOR AND THE PUERPERIUM IN KUPANG DISTRICT

Husband's support during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium is needed by both mother and baby. Husband's support makes mothers less stressed, needs are met, mothers feel comfortable emotionally. The purpose study was to determine the husband's support during labor and childbirth. The research method is qualitative exploration with a phenomenological approach. The research was conducted in Oelbiteno Village with the informants were 10 husbands of mothers who gave birth. Data collection by direct interview and via telephone. Data processing and analysis techniques are interpretative phenomenological analysis with content analysis. Results showed husband's support for his wife during childbirth is physical support (massaging the wife's back, feeding and drinking); emotional (feeling what the wife is facing, helping her during childbirth); informational (information about nutritious food); advocacy (planning a safe labor for the wife, preparing clothes for mothers and babies, KTP, KK, JKN). Husband's support during the puerperium period is physical support (caring for the baby, delivering the wife and control baby); emotional (encouraging to provide exclusive breastfeeding); informational (information about wife and child health, nutritious food); advocacy (planning family planning programs).

Changes in Multiple Birth Rates and Parental Demographic Factors in South Korea During the Last Four Decades: 1981–2019

Over the previous decades, twinning rates worldwide have increased remarkably. This study aimed to describe changes in multiple birth rates and related demographic characteristics, such as maternal age and the level of education of parents in South Korea from 1981 to 2019. This study analyzed birth data obtained from the Korean Statistical Information Service. From 1981 to 2019, the total twinning rate increased from 5 to 22.5 pairs per 1000 births. This rapid increase was due to an increase in dizygotic twin births, which mainly occurred in mothers aged between 30 and 39 years. The average maternal age of multiples increased from 26.06 years in 1981 to 33.98 years in 2019, suggesting that a delay in childbearing contributed to the increase in the twinning rate. The percentage of mothers of multiples who completed a college or higher degree (CHD) increased by 1000% from 1981 to 2019, indicating that a sharp increase in the level of education of females in part explains the delay in childbearing. The percentages of individuals who completed a CHD were higher among parents of multiples than among those of singletons in recent years when public funding arrangements for fertility treatments were available. This result suggested that completion of higher education may be associated with increased use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) independent of the financial status of couples. Taken together, the analysis suggested that increased maternal age, ART and the increased number of females who completed CHD may be responsible for the remarkable increase in the rates of multiple births in South Korea in the last four decades.

Evaluation of Personnel Information System Performance at the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Bengkayang Regency Using COBIT 5

The Bengkayang Regency Population and Civil Registry Service is an institution that aims to record population administration data which includes data including birth data, marriage data and death data, identity cards, family cards, and children's identity cards. The Dukcapil Service Office is one of the services that serves the community, especially in population management. This study aims to refer to the version 5 COBIT framework for reviewing the management of Personnel SI at the Bengkayang Regency Population and Civil Registry Service. The domain used in COBIT 5 is "Monitoring, Evaluation and Assessment" (MEA). The results of the study determine the maturity of the Bengkayang Regent's Population and Civil Registry, and provide suggestions for the application of information technology to make it better in the future.

Pelatihan Kebidanan Lanjutan pada Bidan terhadap Penurunan Angka Kematian Ibu

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of advanced midwifery training in reducing maternal mortality. The method used is using training, discussion, and demonstration. This type of research is descriptive using secondary data on birth data and maternal mortality. Continuous training carried out during 2016 and 2017 was proven to reduce maternal mortality in Surabaya. The MMR in 10 sub-districts trained in 2015 was 113.7 per 100,000 births; this figure is still above the MDGs standard. After the MMR training was carried out in 10 sub-districts that received training in 2016, it was 81.8 per 100,000 births, and in 2017 it was 66.5 per 100,000 births. The results of the simple T-test showed a significant reduction in maternal mortality with p=0.04 (p<0.05). In conclusion, continuous training for midwives reduces maternal mortality in Surabaya. Keywords: Midwifery Maternal Mortality Rate, Midwifery Training

Sistem Informasi Geografis Sebaran Lokasi Titik Peternakan Di Dinas Peternakan Kabupaten Asahan

The potential for livestock in Asahan district is very good. Besides the situation and conditions there are supportive, the geographic location of Asahan Regency also supports the District Animal Husbandry Office in the livestock sector because the area mostly covers land, so that the Asahan District Animal Husbandry Service staff in the field of livestock can help potential types of livestock based on certain areas. In addition, officers can also classify livestock birth data by district in order to increase the potential of existing livestock. The potential of livestock in Asahan district is not well managed and there is no informative mapping and monitoring that utilizes modern computer technology. Mapping and monitoring cannot be done because there is no education about the geographic information system and monitoring of the Asahan District Animal Husbandry Office and the current system is still conventional, so information about livestock does not reach the wider community, especially the Asahan area which results in a lack of knowledge. and information on the distribution of existing livestock. Therefore, the solution to increase public insight and knowledge of the potential of livestock in Asahan, a geographic information system and monitoring will be made to map the number of points of livestock distribution. Keywords: GIS, Distribution of Farm Point Locations, PHP and MySQL Abstrak: Potensi ternak di kabupaten Asahan sangat bagus. Selain situasi dan kondisi disana mendukung, letak geografis kabupaten Asahan pun juga mendukung untuk Dinas Peternakan Kabupaten bidang peternakan dikarenkan wilayahnya sebagian besar meliputi daratan, sehingga petugas Dinas Peternakan Kabupaten Asahan bidang peternakan dapat membantu jenis ternak yang berpotensi berdasarkan wilayah tertentu. Selain itu petugas juga bisa mengelompokkan data kelahiran ternak per kecamatan guna meningkatkan potensi ternak yang ada.Potensi ternak di kabupaten Asahan tidak dikelola dengan baik dan belum ada pemetaan yang informatif serta monitoring yang memanfaatkan teknologi komputer modern. Pemetaan dan monitoring belum bisa dilakukan dikarenakan belum adanya edukasi tentang sistem informasi geografis dan monitoring terhadap pihak kantor Dinas Peternakan Kabupaten Asahan dan sistem yang dijalankan saat ini pun masih konvensional, sehingga informasi tentang ternak tidak sampai ke masyarakat luas khususnya wilayah Asahan yang berdampak pada minimnya pengetahuan dan informasi terhadap sebaran hewan ternak yang ada. Oleh karena itu solusi untuk meningkatkan wawasan dan pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap potensi ternak yang ada di Asahan, maka akan dibuatkan sistem informasi geografis dan monitoring untuk memetakan jumlah titik sebaran ternak. Kata Kunci : GIS, Sebaran Lokasi Titik Peternakan, PHP dan MySQL