Constant and Interchanged Photoperiod Effects on the Rate of Development in Barley (Hordeum vulgare)

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC Kernich ◽  
GM Halloran ◽  
RG Flood
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Development Phases ◽  
Reciprocal Transfer

Indirect and direct influences of changes in photoperiod on the rate of development in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were examined using three Australian cultivars, Clipper, Galleon and Finlay. Each possessed little or no vernalisation response, and were grown at a constant temperature of 18�C with two treatments, one of each of two constant photoperiod regimes (10 and 18 h) while other treatments involved reciprocal transfer between them at either or both the double ridge (DR) and awn primordium (AP) stages of development. Under constant 18 h photoperiod, the lengths of all three development phases were shorter compared to the constant 10 h regime for Galleon and Clipper, while Finlay was relatively insensitive. The final number of leaves on the main culm was reduced by the constant 18 h photoperiod in Clipper and Galleon but Finlay was unaffected. The rate of development from DR to AP under 10 h photoperiod was increased by exposure to 18 h photoperiod from sowing (S) to DR, compared with plants exposed to 10 h photoperiod from S to DR. A similar response was noted for plants transferred at the AP stage, indicating that rate of development was determined both by its influence on prior as well as current photoperiod conditions. This 'memorised' response appears to be interactive, rather than additive, with the response of the plant to the current photoperiod. Direct and indirect effects of photoperiod on leaf and spikelet number, acting through their influences on the duration from S to DR and from DR to AP, were also discussed.

Day-length influence on reproductive development and tillering in ‘Fergus’ barley

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (23) ◽  
pp. 2770-2775 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Fairey ◽  
L. A. Hunt ◽  
N. C. Stoskopf
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Internode Elongation ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Initial Formation ◽  
Double Ridge

Effects of variation in day length on spikelet and tiller development were studied in a two-rowed barley, Hordeum vulgare L. cultivar ‘Fergus.’ Spikelet number and the length of the spikelet-forming phase increased with progressive reductions in day length from 24 to 12 h. However, increases in spikelet number were offset by abortion of spikelet primordia during spikelet differentiation and elongation of the stem internodes. Floral initiation occurred at all day lengths, but intemode elongation and heading were markedly delayed at 12 h. The cessation of spikelet initial formation and the beginning of internode elongation did not occur simultaneously in any day length. The latter began just before or at double ridge formation.Tiller numbers were highest at 12 h and progressively decreased in longer day lengths. Each plant produced four primary tillers at all day lengths, and differences in tiller number were accounted for by secondary and tertiary tiller production.

scholarly journals Genotypic correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield and yield contributing traits in released varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under partially reclaimed saline sodic soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Jaydev Kumar ◽  
Baudh Bharti ◽  
P. N. Verma ◽  
J. P. Jaiswal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Genotypic Correlation ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Sodic Soil ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

This research sought to determine the correlations between grain yield and its contributing traits and to measure the direct and indirect effects on grain yield in barley. Sixty four released varieties were grown under par-tially reclaimed saline- sodic soil, under irrigated conditions during rabi 2010-11. The grain yield per plant showed highly significant and positive correlation with 1000 grain weight (0.517), plant height (0.460), length of main spike (0.459), fertile tillers per plant (0.385), and grains per main spike (0.366). On the basis of relationship of grain yield with yield contributing traits, we can select the best genotype and can be utilised in breeding program.

scholarly journals Use of S. Wright’s path coefficient method for statistical analysis of interrelated traits in rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Palamarchuk ◽  
M. R. Kozachenko ◽  
S. I. Sviatchenko
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Pair Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Panicle Weight

S. Wright’s analysis of plant productivity is of great current interest. The research objective was to determine the pair correlation coefficients and S. Wright’s path coefficients for rice varieties and, on their basis, to identify the contribution of each of them to the plant productivity. Ten rice varieties were taken as the test material. The experiments were conducted in the irrigated experimental field of theInstituteofRiceof the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences ofUkrainein 2013, 2014 and 2016. Seeds were sown with an SKS-6A manual seeder; the seeding rate was 7.0 mln germinable seeds per hectare. The predecessor was alfalfa. The plot area was5 m2; the sowing distance was15 cm. The plants were analyzed for the following traits: plant productivity (grain weight), panicle weight, grain weight from side stems, productive tillering capacity, grain number per panicle, spikelet number per panicle, 1000-grain weight, grain weight per panicle, plant height, panicle length and density, empty spikelet number per panicle, and incidence of blind seed disease. Pair correlation coefficients were determined by B.A. Dospekhov’s method; path analysis, by S. Wright’s method. The correlations of productivity with 12 quantitative traits of rice were determined: the correlation was close with the grain weight from side stems and medium with the panicle weight and with the grain weight per panicle. Path analysis of the plant productivity established that the correlations of plant traits with the productivity depended both on direct and indirect effects of each trait on the productivity. The relative contribution of each of the studied 12 traits to the rice productivity was determined; both direct and indirect effects of their interactions with other traits were evaluated. This made it possible to discover causes and consequences of interrelations between the traits and, as a result, to choose valuable-for-selection traits, such as panicle weight and productive tillering capacity, which had the greatest direct effects on the productivity and significant correlations with it. 

Ultrastructure and Senescence in an Achloroplastic Mutant of Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Dyan

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 844-845
Author(s):  
R.H.M. Cross ◽  
C.E.J. Botha ◽  
A.K. Cowan ◽  
B.J. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Lethal Mutant ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Pinocytotic Vesicles

Senescence is an ordered degenerative process leading to death of individual cells, organs and organisms. The detection of a conditional lethal mutant (achloroplastic) of Hordeum vulgare has enabled us to investigate ultrastructural changes occurring in leaf tissue during foliar senescence.Examination of the tonoplast structure in six and 14 day-old mutant tissue revealed a progressive degeneration and disappearance of the membrane, apparently starting by day six in the vicinity of the mitochondria associated with the degenerating proplastid (Fig. 1.) where neither of the plastid membrane leaflets is evident (arrows, Fig. 1.). At this stage there was evidence that the mitochondrial membranes were undergoing retrogressive changes, coupled with disorganization of cristae (Fig. 2.). Proplastids (P) lack definitive prolamellar bodies. The cytoplasmic matrix is largely agranular, with few endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternae or polyribosomal aggregates. Interestingly, large numbers of actively-budding dictysomes, associated with pinocytotic vesicles, were observed in close proximity to the plasmalemma of mesophyll cells (Fig. 3.). By day 14 however, mesophyll cells showed almost complete breakdown of subcellular organelle structure (Fig. 4.), and further evidence for the breakdown of the tonoplast. The final stage of senescence is characterized by the solubilization of the cell wall due to expression and activity of polygalacturonase and/or cellulose. The presence of dictyosomes with associated pinocytotic vesicles formed from the mature face, in close proximity to both the plasmalemma and the cell wall, would appear to support the model proposed by Christopherson for the secretion of cellulase. This pathway of synthesis is typical for secretory glycoproteins.

Direct and indirect effects of dynamic social impact

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana M. Binder ◽  
Martin J. Bourgeois ◽  
Christine M. Shea Adams
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects

ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ ЯЧМЕНЯ (Hordeum vulgare L.) РАЗНОГО ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ ПО ЭЛЕМЕНТАМ СТРУКТУРЫ УРОЖАЯ

2012 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
А.В. ЖЕЛЕЗНОВ ◽  
◽  
Н.Б. ЖЕЛЕЗНОВА ◽  
Т.В. КУКОЕВА ◽  
Н.В. БУРМАКИНА ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L
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