Developmental Responses by Tall and Dwarf Isogenic Lines of Spring Wheat to Applied Gibberellins.

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
LT Evans ◽  
C Blundell ◽  
RW King
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Growth Retardant ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Elongation ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Developmental Responses ◽  
Stem Leaf ◽  
Do So

Tall (rht) and dwarf (Rht) isogenic lines of two Mexican spring wheat cultivars were grown at 25/20�C day/night in short (8 h) days of either natural or artificial light to determine their relative stem, leaf and flowering responses to one or two long days, 11 different gibberellins (GAs) and the growth retardant Cycocel (CCC). Although stem and leaf elongation in the dwarf lines did not respond to a GA application, inflorescence initiation and development was enhanced by several GAS, reduced by CCC, and restored by subsequent GA application. The floral response of tall lines to GAs was greater than that of the dwarf lines, whereas the reverse was the case with their exposure to long days. These results suggest that endogenous GAs are involved in the floral induction of wheat, and that although the stems and leaves of dwarf lines may not be able to respond to exogenous GAs, their shoot apices can do so and are sensitive to endogenous GA levels.

Some Aspects of Photoperiodism in Wheat and Its Wild Relatives

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
LT Evans ◽  
C Blundell
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Dwarfing Genes ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Long Day ◽  
The Times

Experiments with plants grown in controlled environment conditions examine three aspects of photoperiodism in wheat. A survey of the flowering responses of 20 genotypes of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid wheat cultivars and wild relatives to growth under three daylengths (8, 12, 16 h) after three durations of vernalisation (0, 4, 10 weeks at 20�C) showed that all were long-day plants and many responded to vernalisation. The requirement for long days was most stringent among the diploid progenitors and most relaxed among the hexaploid cultivars. However, not even the earliest flowering spring wheat cultivars (among eight) were entirely daylength-neutral. Minimum times to inflorescence initiation appeared to be determined independently of the responses to daylength. Whereas leaf initiation and appearance rates were hardly influenced by daylength, the rate of spikelet initiation responded to it from the beginning of floral induction, well before the appearance of double ridges. Comparison of the times to double ridges among near-isogenic lines of four spring wheat cultivars (Ciano 67, Yaqui 50, Rescue and April Bearded) showed that each of the three dwarfing genes Rht1, Rht2 and Rht3 advanced inflorescence initiation but without changing the response to daylength.

Sensitivities of spring wheat cultivars to chlorsulfuron measured as inhibitions of leaf elongation rates and there were genotype multiply environment interactions

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
DG Bowran ◽  
WM Blacklow
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Elongation ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
The Third ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Non Destructive

Inhibitions of the rates of elongation of the third leaf of seedlings of spring wheat (ARLE3) were used to identify differences in cultivar sensitivities to chlorsulfuron. The standard test was 408g chlorsulfuron/kg sandy soil, pH 6.2, high nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition and 2O�C/15�C (day/ night). Timstein and Gabo were found to be the most tolerant cultivars with -RLE3s of 4 and 5 mm day-1 (9 and 11 % of untreated RLE3) and Sonora and Miling the most sensitive with -RLE3s of 19 and 21 mm day-1 (45 and 48% of untreated RLE3s); 16 cultivars were intermediate with -RLE3s of 9-15 mm day-1 The cultivars most sensitive to chlorsulfuron were semi-dwarf types carrying the Rht/ Gai genes for stature/insensitivity to gibberellic acid. There were significant genotype x environment interactions; Sonora treated with chlorsulfuron failed to respond to increases in soil nitrogen and phosphorus, and sensitivity was increased at temperatures below 20�C. The -RLE3 test was simple, rapid and non-destructive, and may be suitable for use by plant breeders. Identification of genotypes sensitive to chlorsulfuron based on inhibitions of grain yield would be more protracted and less efficient than those based on -RLE. The herbicide was degraded and leached in the field plots with 0.4 8g chlorsulfuron/kg soil found at 40 cm in the profile 8 weeks after application.

Relationship of Base Temperature to Development of Spring Wheat

1987 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro H. Del Pozo ◽  
Jorge García-Huidobro ◽  
Rafael Novoa ◽  
Sergio Villaseca
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Linear Relation ◽  
General Model ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Elongation ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of

SUMMARYThe base temperature and thermal time for different development stages of spring wheat cultivars were calculated using a linear relation between the rate of development and the mean temperature. The results show that germination, emergence, tillering and leaf elongation (the vegetative phase) have a base temperature around 2°C but the elongation of the culm and the reproductive phase (tillering-maturity) have a base temperature over 6°C. A general model to describe the time to maturity of spring wheats, which takes account of these different phases, is proposed.

Relationship of Base Temperature to Development of Spring Wheat

1987 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro H. Del Pozo ◽  
Jorge García-Huidobro ◽  
Rafael Novoa ◽  
Sergio Villaseca
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Linear Relation ◽  
General Model ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Elongation ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of

SUMMARYThe base temperature and thermal time for different development stages of spring wheat cultivars were calculated using a linear relation between the rate of development and the mean temperature. The results show that germination, emergence, tillering and leaf elongation (the vegetative phase) have a base temperature around 2°C but the elongation of the culm and the reproductive phase (tillering-maturity) have a base temperature over 6°C. A general model to describe the time to maturity of spring wheats, which takes account of these different phases, is proposed.

scholarly journals Proteomic Determination of Low-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunit Composition in Aroona Near-Isogenic Lines and Standard Wheat Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7709
Author(s):  
Kyoungwon Cho ◽  
You-Ran Jang ◽  
Sun-Hyung Lim ◽  
Susan B. Altenbach ◽  
Yong Q. Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Glutenin Subunit ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Isogenic Lines

The low-molecular weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS) composition of wheat (Triticum aestivum) flour has important effects on end-use quality. However, assessing the contributions of each LMW-GS to flour quality remains challenging because of the complex LMW-GS composition and allelic variation among wheat cultivars. Therefore, accurate and reliable determination of LMW-GS alleles in germplasm remains an important challenge for wheat breeding. In this study, we used an optimized reversed-phase HPLC method and proteomics approach comprising 2-D gels coupled with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) to discriminate individual LMW-GSs corresponding to alleles encoded by the Glu-A3, Glu-B3, and Glu-D3 loci in the ‘Aroona’ cultivar and 12 ‘Aroona’ near-isogenic lines (ARILs), which contain unique LMW-GS alleles in the same genetic background. The LMW-GS separation patterns for ‘Aroona’ and ARILs on chromatograms and 2-D gels were consistent with those from a set of 10 standard wheat cultivars for Glu-3. Furthermore, 12 previously uncharacterized spots in ‘Aroona’ and ARILs were excised from 2-D gels, digested with chymotrypsin, and subjected to MS/MS. We identified their gene haplotypes and created a 2-D gel map of LMW-GS alleles in the germplasm for breeding and screening for desirable LMW-GS alleles for wheat quality improvement.

Correlation of Deoxynivalenol Accumulation in Fusarium-Infected Winter and Spring Wheat Cultivars with Secondary Metabolites at Different Growth Stages

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (22) ◽  
pp. 4545-4555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Etzerodt ◽  
Rene Gislum ◽  
Bente B. Laursen ◽  
Kirsten Heinrichson ◽  
Per L. Gregersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Response of Four Spring Wheat Cultivars to Drought Stress

Crop Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 982-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Moustafa ◽  
L. Boersma ◽  
W. E. Kronstad
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivars
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