Aggregates of particulate matter and aufwuchs on Elodea canadensis in irrigation waters, and inactivation of diquat

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 589 ◽  
Author(s):  
KH Browner
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Elodea Canadensis ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Surface Complex ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Murray River ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Aquatic Herbicides ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Irrigation Waters

In irrigation waters from the Murrumbidgee River and Murray River, south-eastern Australia. shoots of E. canadensis are heavily encrusted with a loosely attached complex of inorganic colloids with aufwuchs. Although 9,10-dihydro-8a,10a-diazoniaphenanthrene ion (diquat) is widely used overseas for the management of submerged weeds. it is often ineffective in Australian inland waters. Although several factors may be involved, measurements have shown that this surface complex would inactivate relatively high concentrations of diquat by adsorption. The activity of other aquatic herbicides may also be impaired.

A theory of prior streams as a casual factor of soil occurrence in the riverine plain of South-Eastern Australia

1950 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
BW Butler
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Murray River ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Soil Surveys ◽  
South Eastern Australia

A new theory is submitted on the origin of the soil formations in the alluvial plains region of southern New South Wales and Victoria embracing the Murray River and tributaries which has been given the name of the Riverine Plain of South-Eastern Australia. The Riverine Plain is delineated and the climate and physiography of the environment are briefly described. The theory postulates the occurrence of a system of prior streams independent of the present stream pattern; from the activity of this system the present soils and land surface were derived. The formations are discussed in terms of sedimentary array, salinity, and degree of leaching. Figures illustrate the ideal sediment pattern of a prior stream formation, a typical alluvial fan, and a simplified map of the region showing prior and present stream systems. A classification of the named soils from local soil surveys is given in the form of 15 sequences of general catenary relationship. The influence of halomorphism in soil development is discussed with the deduction that solonetzous and solodous soils occur generally throughout the region. The age of prior stream activity is set at late Pleistocene to early Recent.

Some aspects of the ecology of Paratya australiensis (Crustacea : Decapoda : Atyidae)

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
WD Williams
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Running Waters ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Coastal Streams ◽  
Paratya Australiensis

Three Australian species of Paratya have been described. However, only one, P. australiensis, can be accepted. It occurs in Australia in a broad south-eastern arc, and in a wide variety of permanent inland waters (coastal streams, rivers, lakes, farm dams and ponds). In these it favours vegetated areas. Young hatch as free-floating larvae and hatching occurs mainly in early summer in southern Victoria. Females breed in their second summer. In south-eastern Australia, at least, this breeding season appears adapted to the hydrological regime of running waters.

From the perspective of time: hunter-gatherer burials in south-eastern Australia

Antiquity ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (314) ◽  
pp. 1013-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Littleton
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Murray River ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Burial Rites ◽  
Burial Grounds ◽  
Landscape Feature ◽  
South Eastern Australia

In this study of the Murray River basin in south-eastern Australia, the author shows that Aboriginal burials are persistently attracted to specific kinds of landscape feature intermittently over long periods of time. Some attributes of burial, like body position, vary from site to site and over much shorter periods; others, like orientation, are even more local, relating only to a specific group of graves. Burial rites are thus sets of variables which may be independent of each other and change at different rates. Far from reflecting cultural arrivals and departures, in south-eastern Australia burial grounds were never formally founded and continually abandoned.

scholarly journals Studies in the epidemiology of infectious myxomatosis of rabbits: II. Field experiments, August–November 1950, and the first epizootic of myxomatosis in the riverine plain of south-eastern Australia

1954 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Murray River ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
South Eastern Australia

An account is given of experiments designed to study the spread of myxomatosis in populations of rabbits living under natural conditions on a number of sites in the Eastern Riverine Plain of south-eastern Australia. In five different trials the disease spread from inoculated rabbits, but failed to gain momentum and died down within a few weeks of its introduction.In December 1950, when the disease was persisting at low incidence on one test site and seemed to have died out in the others, an epizootic broke out in the neighbourhood which spread, in a few months, over the greater part of south-eastern Australia. The only factor, apart from climatic ones, which could account for this sudden change in the activity of the disease was the development of large populations of two rabbit-feeding mosquitoes, Anopheles annulipes and Culex annulirostris. A close correlation was demonstrated, on the flats bordering the Murray River, between the distribution of these insects and myxomatosis activity.The author is indebted to Mr F. N. Ratcliffe, officer-in-charge, Mr J. le G. Brereton, Mr J. Calaby, and Dr R. Mykytowycz, all of the Wildlife Survey Section, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, for assistance given during the course of the work and to Mr Ratcliffe, and Prof. F. Fenner of the Australian National University, for guidance in the presentation of the results.

The ecology and distribution of Halicarcinus lacustris (Brachyura: Hymeno-somatidae) in Australian inland waters

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Walker
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Salinity Range ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Associated Species ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Halicarcinus lacustris is a small crab inhabiting inland waters in south-eastern Australia, New Zealand, and Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands. The Victorian distribution was investigated with reference to salinity. In the field the species occurs over a salinity range of 0.1-9.6‰ (although scarce in fresh waters), despite a tolerance of 0.0-36.3‰ shown by adults in the laboratory. This restricted distribution is attributed to physiological and ecological factors. Ecological notes are included on microhabitat, associated species, food, and the breeding cycle. Consideration is given also to the origins and overall distribution of the species. It is suggested that H. Lacustris rafted across the Tasman Sea, after having evolved in south-eastern Australia.

Use of a quanta meter to measure attenuation and underwater reflectance of photosynthetically active radiation in some inland and coastal south-eastern Australian waters

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
JTO Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Attenuation Coefficient ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Photosynthetically Active Radiation ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Backscattering Coefficient ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Yellow Substance ◽  
Eastern Australia

The attenuation of total photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in natural waters and its characterization by means of a vertical attenuation coefficient are briefly discussed. The factors determining underwater reflectance (ratio of upward to downward irradiance at a given depth) are considered, and a simple mathematical treatment is presented which leads to the conclusion that within that part of the water body where the asymptotic radiance distribution exists, if reflection from the bottom is negligible then the reflectance is equal to the asymptotic backscattering coefficient (defined in the text) divided by 2K, where K is the (natural logarithm) vertical attenuation coefficient. Data collected using a commercially available quantum irradiance meter over a 2-year period for various inland and coastal waters in south-eastern Australia are presented together with measure- ments of levels of yellow substance and phytoplankton. In the turbid inland waters attenuation of PAR closely follows an exponential law. In the much clearer coastal waters, by contrast, attenuation of PAR is approximately biphasic, the vertical attenuation coefficient in the upper few metres being noticeably higher than that at greater depths. Within any one water body the vertical attenuation coefficient was observed to vary up to four-fold during the 2-year period: nevertheless there were indications that the average attenuation of PAR tended to differ characteristically from one water body to another. In one of the inland waters, measurements at different times of day showed that the vertical attenuation coefficient was not strongly dependent on solar altitude. Underwater reflectance values in the inland waters were surprisingly high (0.04-0.21) compared to values in the literature: this is probably a consequence of the high turbidity of these waters. Calculated values of the asymptotic backscattering coefficient for the inland lakes are presented. It is suggested that measurements of yellow substance and phytoplankton, together with some estimate of light scattering, in parallel with measurements of attenuation of PAR would facilitate an understanding of the factors responsible for that attenuation.

Movements ofMacquaria ambigua, in the Murray River, south-eastern Australia

2005 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. O'Connor ◽  
D. J. O'Mahony ◽  
J. M. O'Mahony
Keyword(s):  
South Eastern ◽  
Murray River ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) aggregations along the shelf break off south-eastern Australia: links between inshore and offshore processes

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 463 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Young ◽  
R. Bradford ◽  
T. D. Lamb ◽  
L. A. Clementson ◽  
R. Kloser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yellowfin Tuna ◽  
Shelf Break ◽  
Thunnus Albacares ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Warm Core ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
South Eastern Australia

In May 1996 the biological oceanography of the main yellowfin tuna longline fishing waters off southern New South Wales, Australia, was examined in relation to the catch by the fishery. A warm-core eddy was identified directly east of Eden with a temperature at 250 m depth of 15˚C. At the western edge of this eddy, relatively high levels of fluorescence (chlorophyll a) were recorded together with pigments typical of diatoms, a feature of upwelling communities. The biomass of zooplankton and micronekton was also significantly higher at the western edge of the eddy. Similarly, acoustic data showed relatively high concentrations of backscatter at the margins of the eddy, particularly at the shelf break and slope. These areas had the greatest potential prey biomass; a fact supported by the presence of shelf-and slope-associated prey species in the stomachs of yellowfin tuna caught at the same time. Fishery data for yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) captures showed that catch per unit effort was highest along the shelf and shelf break. Examination of yellowfin tuna catch records from 1988 to 1998 from south-eastern Australia showed highest catches in 1996, ~75%of the catch coming from the western edge of the eddy. We conclude that the presence of a warm-core eddy in the area at this time provided a localized but productive area to which the yellowfin were attracted.

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