The ecology and distribution of Halicarcinus lacustris (Brachyura: Hymeno-somatidae) in Australian inland waters

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Walker
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Salinity Range ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Associated Species ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Halicarcinus lacustris is a small crab inhabiting inland waters in south-eastern Australia, New Zealand, and Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands. The Victorian distribution was investigated with reference to salinity. In the field the species occurs over a salinity range of 0.1-9.6‰ (although scarce in fresh waters), despite a tolerance of 0.0-36.3‰ shown by adults in the laboratory. This restricted distribution is attributed to physiological and ecological factors. Ecological notes are included on microhabitat, associated species, food, and the breeding cycle. Consideration is given also to the origins and overall distribution of the species. It is suggested that H. Lacustris rafted across the Tasman Sea, after having evolved in south-eastern Australia.

Genetic variation and phylogeography of the Australian and New Zealand fern Asplenium flabellifolium (Aspleniaceae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Ohlsen ◽  
Lara D. Shepherd ◽  
Leon R. Perrie ◽  
Patrick J. Brownsey ◽  
Michael J. Bayly
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Breeding System ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Asplenium flabellifolium Cav. is a cytologically variable Australian and New Zealand fern. Here, we sequence chloroplast trnL-trnF and rps4-trnS from samples throughout its range to provide the first phylogeographic investigation of a fern common in both countries. Twenty-three haplotypes were detected, which formed six haplogroups in a network. Australian specimens were placed in all haplogroups. The placement of New Zealand haplotypes in five of the haplogroups suggests that this species has dispersed across the Tasman Sea at least five times. Sexually reproducing plants of lower ploidy, detected only in south-eastern Australia, contained haplotypes from the two haplogroups that are successive sisters to the remaining diversity in the phylogeny. This likely suggests that A. flabellifolium was originally a sexually reproducing species in south-eastern Australia and spread to the rest of its distribution where apomictic plants dominate. More than one haplogroup was detected in several areas across its distribution, suggesting that these areas were colonised several times. Other areas harboured several haplotypes from a single haplogroup or haplogroups not recovered elsewhere, indicating possible long-term persistence in these areas. Haplotypes and morphological features were not found to be exclusive to either breeding system or ploidy and no taxonomic revision is proposed.

FISSION TRACK THERMOCHRONOLOGY: APPLICATION TO CONTINENTAL RIFTING OF SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Dumitru ◽  
K. C. Hill ◽  
D. A. Coyle ◽  
I. R. Duddy ◽  
D. A. Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal History ◽  
Fission Track ◽  
Apatite Fission Track ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Tasman Sea ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Uplift And Erosion ◽  
Track Analysis ◽  
Plate Type ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Over the last five to ten years, apatite fission track analysis has developed into a sophisticated technique for studying the low-temperature thermal history of rocks. It has particular utility in oil exploration because its temperature range of sensitivity, about 20° to 125°C, overlaps the oil generation window. Whereas older fission track thermal history approaches relied solely on the sample fission track age, the new interpretive approaches use sample age, single grain age and track length data. They also emphasise the analysis of systematic variations in data patterns in sequences of samples, such as samples from various depths in a well. Laboratory study of the thermal annealing of fission tracks and compilation of fission track data from geological case studies has greatly improved our understanding of apatite fission track systematics, allowing considerably more detailed interpretations of thermal histories.Application of apatite fission track analysis to the rifted continental margins of south-eastern Australia shows that rifting and separation of Australia from Antarctica and the Lord Howe Rise were accompanied by at least 1.5-3 km of uplift and erosion along the Tasman Sea and Bass Strait coasts. Uplift and erosion were much less 100 km or so inland. This shows that the uplift of the south-eastern Australian margins was caused by the continental rifting process, the same process that initiated major subsidence in the sedimentary basins in Bass Strait. The consistent fission track data patterns around south-eastern Australia suggest a generally similar tectonic setting for the Tasman Sea and Bass Strait parts of the margin. Lister et al. (in press) propose that the Tasman part of the margin is an upper plate type of margin that formed above a west-dipping detachment zone. The fission track data suggest that the Bass Strait part of the margin may also be of upper plate type.

Fishes of the family Prototroctidae (Salmoniformes)

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM McDowall
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Gill Rakers ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lateral Scale ◽  
South Eastern Australia

The family Prototroctidae, the genus Prototroctes, and the two contained species-P. oxyrhynchus Gunther, 1870 (New Zealand) and P. maraena Gunther 1864 (south-eastern Australia and Tasmania) are described. P. oxyvhynchus is distinguished from P. maraena by much higher counts of lateral scale rows, vertebrae and gill rakers. What is known of the natural history of Prototroctes is reviewed. P. oxyvhynchus is extinct and P. maraena now rare; reasons for the decline of these species are discussed.

The genusMycoblastusin the cool temperate Southern Hemisphere, with special reference to Tasmania

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintaras KANTVILAS
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cool Temperate ◽  
Campbell Island ◽  
South Eastern Australia

AbstractThe genusMycoblastusin cool temperate latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere is reviewed. Eight species are treated in detail:M. bryophilusImshaug ex Kantvilas sp. nov., from Campbell Island and Tasmania;M. campbellianus(Nyl.) Zahlbr.,M. coniophorus(Elix & A.W. Archer) Kantvilas & Elix comb. nov. andM. dissimulans(Nyl.) Zahlbr., all widespread across the austral region;M. disporus(C. Knight) Kantvilas comb. nov., from New Zealand and Tasmania;M. kalioruberKantvilas sp. nov, from Tasmania;M. sanguinarioidesKantvilas sp. nov., from Tasmania and south-eastern Australia; andM. leprarioidesKantvilas & Elix sp. nov., from south-eastern Australia (Victoria). Notes are provided on many other species ofMycoblastus, including those recognised for the Northern Hemisphere, and those originally described from austral regions but now excluded from the genus. Major characters of the genus are discussed, including thallus morphology and chemistry, apothecial pigments and ascus structure. It is suggested that the genus is heterogeneous and that some of its closest affinities may lie with the familyMegalariaceaeand the genusJapewia.

Biogeographic congruence in the South Pacific

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Seberg
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Classical Problem ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
General Area ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Ever since J. D. Hooker's famous 'Introductory Essay' to Flora NOVE-Zelandise, a classical problem in biogeography has been to give a casual explanation of southern hemisphere distribution patterns. An attempt is made to see whether the cladograms for the circum-Pacific areas (South America, New Zealand, Tasmania and Australia) are congruent. The area cladograms are derived from Nothofagus (Fagacae), Embothriinae (Protaceae), Oreobolus (Cyperaceae), Cyttaria (Helotiales) and Eriococcidae (Homoptera). The resulting general area cladogram showing southern South America as the sister-area to New Zealand, south-eastern Australia and Tasmania, and Tasmania plus south-eastern Australia as sister-areas to New Zealand are compared with different geological hypotheses for the area. The biological area cladogram is shown to be congruent with widely different geological hypotheses.

Morphological evaluation of the Drosera peltata complex (Droseraceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Gibson ◽  
Barry J. Conn ◽  
Jeremy J. Bruhl
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Granite Outcrops ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
South Eastern Australia

A phenetic study of morphological characters of the Drosera peltata complex (Droseraceae) supports the recognition of the following taxa: D. peltata from wetlands of south-eastern Australia; D. auriculata from south-eastern Australia and New Zealand; the morphologically variable D. hookeri from south-eastern Australia and northern New Zealand; the widespread D. lunata from southern and South-East Asia, as well as northern and north-eastern Australia; and the new species D. yilgarnensis R.P.Gibson & B.J.Conn is here described, from around granite outcrops of south-western Australia. D. bicolor from south-western Australia is recognised as a distinct species outside of the D. peltata complex. D. insolita, considered until recently as a distinct species, is reduced to synonymy of D. lunata. Phenotypic plasticity, vegetative similarity and fleetingly produced diagnostic floral and seed characters within the complex pose significant challenges in understanding the taxonomy of these taxa.

Geographical distribution of electrophoretically detected protein variation in Australian commercial fishes. I. Jack mackeral, Trachurus declivis Jenyns

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 917 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Richardson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Jack Mackerel ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Protein Variation ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
South Eastern Australia

Eight polymorphic loci were detected in a survey for electrophoretically detectable protein variation, carried out using liver samples from the Australian jack mackerel, T. declivis. The distribution of gene and genotype frequencies in sample sets from different areas shows that distinct subpopulations of the species occur in Western Australia and in New Zealand and that two or more geographically overlapping but genetically distinct subpopulations occur in the waters around south-eastern Australia.

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