Interpretation of the Scales of the Yellow-Eye Mullet, Aldrichetta forsteri (Cuvier & Valenciennes) (Mugilidae)

1957 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
JM Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Flank Region ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Mesh Selection ◽  
Australian Fish ◽  
Line Relationship ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Posterior Sector

The yellow-eye mullet scale is of the typical percomorph type, feebly ctenoid in most cases, but cycloid in the mid-flank region, which provides the best scale for age and growth determinations. The annual "break" is more obvious in the posterior sector than in the anterior. Above a length of 5 cm (length to caudal fork) there is a straight-line relationship between increments in dimensions of scale and increments in length of the fish. The scales of Victorian and Tasmanian fish are smaller than those of Western Australian fish, which is in accord with the rather larger number of scales in eastern fish. The annual "breaks" become apparent in spring when growth recommences after the winter cessation. As western fish are winter spawners and eastern fish summer spawners, the age and size attained at the time of formation of tho annuli differs in the two stocks. Females grow faster than males. Lengths (cm) attained each winter average as follows: Year I II III IV V VI VII Western fish 11 18-19 24-25 29-32 32-35 38 39 Eastern fish 5 12-13 19-21 24-27 30 The Petersen method of modal progression gives rather higher readings in the first and second years, probably as a result of mesh selection.

scholarly journals Observations on the age and growth of Varicorhinus damascinus (Val.) in Tigris river at Salahuldin province – Iraq

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Gill Nets ◽  
The Third ◽  
Weight Relationship ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Relationship Of

Age and growth of Varicorhinus damascinus (Val.) in Tigris river at Salahuldin province have been investigated. Monthly samples were taken during the period from September 1999 to August 2000, using small-meshed gill nets. The age data showed that there were six age groups and the dominant age groups were (III – IV) for both sexes. The results of the present study revealed that the increment in length of V. damascinus at the sites of study showed a tendency to decrease with the increase in age, after the third year of life in both sexes. The length-weight relationship of males and females were calculated and demonstrated in a straight line logarithmic formula, as follows: Log W = 1.5404 + 2.6885 log L for males r = 0.95 (P > 0.05) Log W = 1.6723 + 2.7877 log L for females r = 0.77 (P > 0.05) The values of the regression coefficient (b) indicated that the growth of both sexes of V. damascinus was allometric..

A Method for Bromine Determination in Wool Fabric by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

1976 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 463-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. William Reuter ◽  
Geraldine E. Secor ◽  
Mendel Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectrometry ◽  
Wool Fabric ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Bromine Concentration ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Line Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Bromine is measured in flame-resistant wool fabric by x-ray fluorescence spectrometry with a relative precision of 3 to 8% and relative accuracy of better than 10%. The method computes the bromine concentration from fluorescence measurements of the sample, and a thin film standard, and two measurements of attenuation by the sample. Deviations of 10 to 20% from a straight-line relationship of x-ray counts to bromine concentration are accounted for. X-ray fluorescence is generally useful for routine analyses of bromine in textiles and has advantages over wet chemical analysis.

Races and Populations of the Australian Pilchard, Sardinops neopilchardus (Steindachner)

1951 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Boundary Zone ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Cook Strait ◽  
Australian Fish ◽  
Port Jackson ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Abundance Fluctuations

The evidence of taxonomic differentiation in the Australian pilchard is reviewed. Three major groups (called races), located respectively in eastern, south-eastern, and south-western Australian waters, are distinguished by differences in growth rate. The boundary zone of the two former is near the New South Wales-Victoria bolder, but it is not certain to which of the two latter races the South Australian fish belong. The two former races are sukdivided into smaller, more or less separate stocks (populations), which are distinguished mainly by differences in mean number of vertebrae and in abundance fluctuations. There are at least two such groups in the eastern race, which meet between Port Jackson and Jervis Bay, and at least two in the south-eastern race. The pilchards of Cook Strait, New Zealand, are probably distinct from those of any Australian locality.

Genetic analysis of populations of north-western Australian fish species

1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 673 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Johnson ◽  
DR Hebbert ◽  
MJ Moran
Keyword(s):  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Aldehyde Oxidase ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Clinal Variation ◽  
Electrophoretic Study ◽  
Allelic Frequencies ◽  
Consistent Picture ◽  
Australian Fish ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
North Western

Allozyme variation was used to investigate the genetic structure of Lutjanus sebae, Lethrinus nebulosus, Lethrinus choerorynchus, and Epinephelus multinotatus, which are components of a multispecies fishery off north-western Australia. Samples of each species were obtained from five or six localities, over a total distance of 1400-2080 km. Allelic variation was found at 13-16 loci in each species. The consistent picture to emerge was one of little genetic subdivision in all four species, with average values of FST ranging from 0.003 in L. sebae to 0.012 in E. multinotatus. Although there was statistically significant variation in allelic frequencies in three of the species, there were no clear geographical groupings of populations. With the possible exception of clinal variation for aldehyde oxidase in E. multinotatus, all heterogeneity of allelic frequencies was within the range that could easily be due to within-generation effects of selection. Thus, the allozyme data are consistent with the view that there are extensive connections of populations over large distances. The electrophoretic study also confirmed that, contrary to suggestions in the literature, L. nebulosus, L. choerorynchus, and Lethrinus laticaudis are reproductively isolated species.

Effects of Prey Abundance on the Development of the Spider Agelenopsis potteri (Blackwall) (Araneae: Agelenidae)

1965 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Prey Abundance ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Line Relationship

AbstractAgelenopsis potteri (Blackwall) spiders that were reared from egg to adult on live prey (Aedes aegypti L.) supplied at different daily rates varied in the rate that they were able to capture prey, grow, and attain maturity. Mortality varied inversely with feeding rates, but some spiders matured at each feeding rate. All spiders matured in seven stages regardless of the rate of feeding. Both sexes were mature following the sixth moult. The rate of prey capture declined sharply in the adults. Males matured about four days sooner than females. A straight-line relationship exists between the rate at which prey were captured and the dry weights of the adult spiders. A straight-line relationship was also found between the numbers of prey captured per day and the daily development of the spider.

The determination of burning velocities of slow flames

1955 ◽  
Vol 228 (1174) ◽  
pp. 297-322 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Burning Velocity ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Excess Energy ◽  
Flat Flame ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Flame Burner ◽  
Line Relationship ◽  
Propane Butane

Measurements of the burning velocities of methane, ethane, propane, butane, ethylene, carbon monoxide and cyanogen mixtures with air, in the range about 4 to 8 cm, are made by the flat-flame burner method with an accuracy of 2 to 3%. The results can be represented by a straight-line relationship between composition and burning velocity except for carbon monoxide which is sensitive to the percentage of water vapour present. Extrapolated values agree well with recent measurements of faster flames. Measurements are also made on binary mixtures with air of the gases, including hydrogen. The mixture law holds except with mixtures containing carbon monoxide. Limits of inflammability are also determined and the burning velocities at the limits average 3⋅6 cm/s. The mixtures obey the Le Chatelier rule accurately, except for carbon monoxide mixtures. The burning velocities of the hydrocarbons can be represented approximately by a straight-line relationship with the heat generated and with the maximum flame temperature, but correlation is best when thermal conductivity is introduced. At a given velocity the excess energy maintained by the flame appears to be constant for all the hydrocarbons investigated, except methane, which behaves slightly differently. The burning velocities of the hydrocarbons are controlled by a reaction which provides reasonable values of the activation energies and probably precedes the sudden development of chain branching.

Comparative studies of meat V. Factors affecting the iodine number of the fat from the fatty and muscular tissues of cattle

1956 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Callow ◽  
S. R. Searle
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Number ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Muscular Tissue ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rectangular Hyperbola ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Line Relationship ◽  
Muscular Tissues

1. Carcasses of twenty-one fat cattle (from six cows, ten steers and five heifers, aged from 12 months to 12 years and representing seven breeds) have been dissected into nine joints, and the fatty and muscular tissue from each joint dissected and analysed for fat. The iodine number of each sample of fat has been determined.2. The fat in fatty tissues ranged from 28·3 to 96·7%, and in muscular tissues from 1·3 to 14·2%. Iodine numbers of fat from fatty tissues ranged from 34·0 to 69·0 and those of fat from muscular tissues from 45·9 to 73·2.3. By an analysis of covariance it has been possible to reduce these data to two families of regression lines—those for fatty tissue and those for muscular tissue.4. The equations for fatty tissue have the following generalized form:I.N. = AFT + CFT + JFT + b1F/FT,where AFT = 55·6 ± 1·7 and is a general constant,CFT is a series of constants for the various carcasses and ranges from +12·6 to −6·7,JFT is a series of constants for the various joints and ranges from +6·6 to −10·3,b1 is a general constant with the value −0·052(± 0·025),F/FT is the percentage of fat in any given sample of fatty tissue, and I.N. is its iodine number.5. A similar set of equations has been deduced for muscular tissue. Here, however, the relation between iodine number and percentage of fat is a rectangular hyperbola. Consequently, the inverse (Z) of the percentage of fat (in order to get a straight-line relationship) has been used.

Urea production and excretion by the chicken kidney

1964 ◽  
Vol 206 (6) ◽  
pp. 1321-1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward E. Owen ◽  
Roscoe R. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Inulin Clearance ◽  
Arginine Infusion ◽  
Urea Excretion ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Plasma Arginine ◽  
Line Relationship ◽  
Arginine Concentration ◽  
Limited Process

Using the Sperber technique, renal urea excretion was studied in the chicken during the constant unilateral infusion of either l-arginine, urea, or l-arginine-C14. After the prior injection of urea-C14 in some birds, the effect of a unilateral arginine infusion on the specific activities of plasma and urine urea-C14 was determined. During l-arginine infusion, urine urea excretion increased greatly from both kidneys. Urea/inulin clearance ratios always rose above 1.0 (maximum: 7.5). This response was not inhibited by pretreatment with 2,4-dinitrophenol. Urea/inulin clearance ratios greater than 1.0 were not observed during an infusion of exogenous urea. A constant unilateral infusion of tracer amounts of l-arginine-C14 was attended by a bilateral rise of urea-C14/inulin ratios to values much above 1.0 (higher on the side of infusion) at a time when total urea/inulin ratios remained less than 1.0. After equilibration of an administered dose of urea-C14, arginine infusion depressed the specific activity of urine urea-C14 much more than that of plasma. A double reciprocal plot indicated a straight-line relationship between the plasma arginine concentration and the simultaneous rate of urine urea excretion. These results provide conclusive in vivo evidence that the kidney of at least one species can synthesize urea from exogenous or endogenous plasma arginine via a rate-limited process, and that this urea is subsequently excreted by direct release into tubular urine.

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Amino Acids Using Papre Chromatography

1956 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Hackman ◽  
Mahian Lazarus
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Line Relationship

A simple method for the quantitative analysis of amino [teids [n'eHent ill a protein hydrolysate, or in other mixtures of amino aeids, is deserihocl. The amino aeids are separated on one�dimensional paper chromatogmllls, fOUl" solvent syst;mns being used to resolvo 17 amino acids. The chromatogrums are treatm! with a suitable reagent; to detect the spots corresponding to each amino acid . .!Daeh chromatogram, {,ftcr being made somi�t,mllsparent with dimeth:vlphthalato, is scanned nutomnticnlly, with a densitometer, and the intensity of the light transmitted by the coloured spots is recorded on light-sensitive paper. A straight line relationship was found to hold, [or all amino acids, boi;wcell conccnh'ntioll and log per cent. transmission, Tho most useful range of amino aoid OOllcolltmtion was 2 5 mlYI although tho mothod is usable in tho rango 1-"10 mlVl. 'l'he method includes a nnmber of nOW tOclllli(juOS and tho HYOeage cooflicient of variation for a sillglo readillg for an an1ino n.eid is 5-7 pOl' COllt.

The value of host and parasite identification for arripid fish

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Sarah R. Catalano ◽  
Kate S. Hutson ◽  
Rodney M. Ratcliff ◽  
Ian D. Whittington
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Fish Family ◽  
Previous Record ◽  
Sustainable Resource Management ◽  
Infection Parameters ◽  
Host Identification ◽  
Australian Fish ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Parasite Assemblages

Accurate identification of fishes and their parasites is fundamental to the development, management and sustainability of fisheries and aquaculture worldwide. We examined three commercially and recreationally exploited Australian arripid species (Pisces: Arripidae), namely Australian herring (Arripis georgianus), eastern Australian salmon (A. trutta) and western Australian salmon (A. truttaceus), to determine their metazoan parasite assemblages and infection parameters. We identified 49 parasite species including 35 new parasite–host records and recognised seven ambiguous parasite–host records in the literature, largely a consequence of unsubstantiated host identifications in previous studies. Morphological and molecular methods confirmed a new western extension for the range of A. trutta, ∼1000 km west of the previous record. Confusion about host identification and the range extension documented here has implications for the management of these economically important arripid species in southern Australian waters. Our examination of an endemic Australian fish family emphasises that accurate identification of fishes and their parasites is a fundamental pre-requisite for efficient and sustainable resource management.

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